Crusades Quiz Study Guide

Question 1

Holy Land

Answer 1

• Area around Jerusalem

- Crusades were religious wars to gain control of this land.

Question 2

Jerusalem

Answer 2

• City that most of the Crusades were fought;

- Sacred/holy city for Christianity, Judaism and Islam

Question 3

Pope Urban II

Answer 3

• Called for the first Crusade and promised forgiveness of sins to all those who fought
• Helped the Byzantine Empire fight the Crusades (Eastern Orthodox Church) because they both are Christians.

Question 4

Crusaders

Answer 4

Christian warriors who fought the Muslims for control of Jerusalem

• People would join the Crusades because:
  - They thought their sins would be forgiven
  - To earn riches or glory
  - Show their devotion to God

Question 5

Seljuk Turks

Answer 5

• Conquered Jerusalem before the First Crusade,

- Persecuted Christians who came on their journey to the Holy Land—Christians felt threatened by this.

Question 6

Persecution

Answer 6

-When someone is attacked for killed for their religious beliefs.

Question 7

anit-Semitism

Answer 7

-Discrimination and hostility against Jewish people.

Question 8

Spanish Inquisition

Answer 8

• Roman Catholic court in Spain who made decisions if people were following the correct teachings of the Church
• If people in Spain did not practice Christianity/Catholicism, they could be burned at the stake (killed)!

Question 9

Salah al-Din

Answer 9

• Muslim military leader during the Third Crusade

Question 10

Richard the Lionhear

Answer 10

• Crusader king during the Third Crusade.

Question 11

Introduction to the Crusades (Part 1)

Answer 11

• Series of religious WARS that took place from the late 1000s through the 1200s
• Fought between CHRISTIAN and MUSLIM armies in the Middle East

Question 12

Introduction to the Crusades (Part 2)

Answer 12

The SELJUK Turks (Muslim power) had taken over Palestine in the 11th century, and advanced into the Byzantine Empire’s territory and captured JERUSALEM
- They treated Christians there POORLY and Jerusalem became unsafe. Christians were attacked and killed.

Question 13

Introduction to the Crusades (Part 3)

Answer 13

• By 1095, the Seljuks were within 100 miles of CONSTANTINOPLE, the capital of the Byzantine Empire
• Byzantine EMPEROR Alexios I asked Pope Urban II (Roman Catholic pope) for his help
• Pope Urban II called on Christians from across Europe to go on RELIGIOUS war to win back Jerusalem and the surrounding areas from Muslim control

Question 14

The First Crusade (1096-1099; Part 1)

Answer 14

• The pope promised FORGIVENESS of sins to all those who joined the fight
• Thousands of knights, townspeople, craftsmen and PEASANTS joined in the crusade.
• Many people viewed the Crusades as an act of love and DEVOTION to god and because their SINS would be forgiven.

Question 15

The First Crusade (1096-1099; Part 2)

Answer 15

• Around 100,000 CRUSADERS fought their way south from Anatolia.

Question 16

The First Crusade (1096-1099; Part 3)

Answer 16

• After a month of fighting, the city surrendered and the Christians had RETAKEN jerusalem from Muslim rule.
• The Crusaders KILLED most of the people who fought against them, including many innocent Jews.
• The crusaders also set up 4 CRUSADER KINGDOMS to protect Jerusalem.

Question 17

The Second Crusade (1146-1148; Part 1)

Answer 17

• After the First Crusade, the Muslim armies became more UNITED.
• In 1144, they captured EDESSA, the capital of the northernmost Crusader (Christian) kingdom.

Question 18

The Second Crusade (1146-1148; Part 2)

Answer 18

• In response, the Christian armies LAUNCHED the Second Crusade
• This Crusade ended in FAILure for the Crusaders

Question 19

The Third Crusade (1189-1192; Part 1)

Answer 19

• By the 1180s, Salah al-Din (Muslim) was able to RECOVER most of Palestine for the Muslims, and in 1187, his armies captured Jerusalem
• The loss of Jerusalem SHOCKED Europeans and sparked the Third Crusade.

Question 20

The Second Crusade (1146-1148; Part 2)

Answer 20

• King Richard I of England, also known as “Richard the LIONHEART,” led the fight against Salah al-Din
• In September 1192, the two leaders signed a PEACE treaty

Question 21

The Second Crusade (1146-1148; Part 3)

Answer 21

• Crusaders (Christians) were allowed to keep a chain of CITIES along the coast of Palestine
• Muslims also agreed to let CHRISTIAN pilgrims enter Jerusalem