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CSD > CSD Quiz 3 > Flashcards

CSD Quiz 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are two reasons for language impairment in children?

A

developmental disabilities or an association with an accident, injury, or other environmental factors

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2
Q

Which modalities does the language disorder affect?

A

listening and speech and reading and writing (Auditory and Visual)

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3
Q

Which aspect of language may be affected?

A

Form, Content, and Use

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4
Q

What are some dangers of “labeling?”

A

lowering expectations, limiting their experiences, and taking away individuality

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5
Q

Causes of cognitive deficits in children

A

Socio-Environmental, biological, and unknown (USB)

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6
Q

What kind of path does a child with cognitive deficits follow?

A

Children follow a similar but slower developmental path than that of TD (typical development) children.

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7
Q

Which type of problem is the first indicator of possible Autism in a child?

A

Communication problems

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8
Q

When is the term SLI used?

A

is used with toddlers –children younger than 3 years of age who show difficulties in acquiring language. These toddlers may score low on standardized language tests but have normal hearing thresholds and a normal IQ.

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9
Q

What does the term DLD emphasize?

A

its imact on social and academic functions and is not used in cases with other disorders such as ASD or Down syndrome.

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10
Q

What are some causes of brain injury?

A

CVA (Stroke), congenital malformation, convulsive disorder, encephalopathy

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11
Q

Which are the two broad categories of aphasia?

A

Fluent and non-fluent

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12
Q

What is the seminal characteristic of fluent aphasia? Give an example of fluent aphasia.

A

Perception is affected.
The seminal characteristics of fluent aphasia are word substitutions, neologisms, and often verbose output with the site of lesion in posterior portions of the left hemisphere. An example of this would be Wernicke’s aphasia.

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13
Q

What is the seminal characteristic of non-fluent aphasia? Give an example of non-fluent aphasia.

A

Speech is affected.
The seminal characteristic of non- fluent aphasia is slow labored speech and struggle to retrieve words and form sentences with the site of lesion being in or near the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere. An example of this being Broca’s aphasia.

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14
Q

What is the seminal characteristic of conduction aphasia? Where is the likely damage?

A

The seminal characteristic of conduction aphasia is abundant and quick conversation but filled with paraphasia. The likely damage is to the arcuate fasciculus.

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15
Q

Which type of aphasia is the most severe in its initial presentation?

A

Global aphasia because it shows profound language impairment in all modalities.

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16
Q

Which is the most common characteristic of right hemisphere aphasia?

A

neglect of all information from the left side; unrealistic denial of illness or limb involvement (anosognosia); impaired judgement and self-monitoring; lack of motivation

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17
Q

Which is the most common characteristic of TBI?

A
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18
Q

Which cortical function is most affected in Dementia?

A

The cortical function of memory is most affected in Dementia.

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19
Q

What are three ways in which adult language may become affected?

A

Three ways in which adult language may become affected is interruption of blood supply to the brain, direct destruction of some neural tissue, or a pathological process.

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20
Q

What is hemispheric asymmetry?

A

the idea that the two cerebral hemispheres of the brain are not identical but differ in size, shape, and function

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21
Q

Overall, which kind of information processing is the specialty of the left hemisphere?

A

The left hemisphere is good at step-by-step processing. “allows us to see the trees”

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22
Q

Overall, which kind of information processing is the specialty of the right hemisphere?

A

The holistic view of things and seeing everything at once. “allows us to see the forest”

23
Q

What does aphasia result from?

A

Aphasia results from localized brain injury. Aphasia can cross all modalities and affect specific language functions such as naming related language functions such as arithmetic or interpreting environmental noises may be difficult.

24
Q

Name all the lobes in a hemisphere.

A

frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital

25
Q

Cognitive disability

A
26
Q

Ischemia

A

Reduced blood flow

27
Q

Paraphasia

A

speech disturbance resulting from brain damage in which words are jumbled and sentences are meaningless (word substitutions)

28
Q

Aneurysm

A
29
Q

Neologism

A

the use of new words that were created without any origin or meaning.

30
Q

Anoxia:

A

lack of oxygen

31
Q

Embolus

A
32
Q

Verbal stereotype

A

an expression repeated over and over.

33
Q

Thrombosis

A

occurs when blood clots block veins or arteries

34
Q

Hemorrhage:

A

arterial walls burst under pressure

35
Q

Hematoma

A

A pool of mostly clotted blood that forms in an organ, tissue, or body space.

36
Q

Amnesia

A

loss of memories, such as facts, information, and experiences caused by brain damage or disease.

37
Q

Agrammatism

A

omission of short unstressed words and morphological endings.

38
Q

Jargon

A

meaningless or irrelevant speech with typical intonational pattors, responses often long and syntactically correct although nonsense.

39
Q

Agraphia

A

difficulty writing characterized by mistakes and poorly formed letters, agrammatism , jargon, and neologisms.

40
Q

Alexia

A

reading problems in which unable to recognize words used in speech

41
Q

Dyslexia

A

difficulty identifying speech sounds and learning how they relate to letters and words

42
Q

Dementia:

A

an umbrella term for a group of both pathological conditions and syndromes.
Characterized by intellectual decline most obvious being memory.

43
Q

Hemianopia

A

Deficit that will affect the individual’s ability to read.

44
Q

Prosopagnosia

A

inability to recognize faces or people

45
Q

TBI

A

Traumatic Brain Injury

46
Q

RHI

A

Right hemisphere Injury

47
Q

CVA

A

Cerebrovascular Accident (stroke)

48
Q

AAC

A

Augmentative and alternative communication

49
Q

TIA

A

Transient Ischemic Attack

50
Q

SLI

A

Specific Language Impairment

51
Q

DLD

A

Developmental Learning Disorder

52
Q

CP

A

Cerebral Palsy

53
Q

What is the difference between a language disorder and a language difference?

A

Language disorder is when an individual is lacking a bit of knowledge. ( form, context, syntax, semantics, etc.)

Language difference is when there is something different in language production but it is not a disorder. ( native language vs. non-native language)

CSD (4 decks)

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