CSO Test Flashcards
(54 cards)
———— is a protective hormone that decreases insulin resistance and inflammation and promotes apoptosis
Adiponectin
What 2 dietary supplements are associated with increased risk for cancer, especially in smokers?
Selenium and Beta Carotene
Second to not using tobacco products, —————- may be the most important lifestyle factor to reduce cancer risk?
Maintaining a healthy weight throughout life
Red meat is associated with the risk of colorectal cancer. Explanations include…
Red meats potential to produce heterocyclic amines when cooked at high temperatures and red meat heme iron content
Garlic and high fiber foods has been shown to protect against what type of cancer?
Colorectal
In the colon, intestinal bacteria act on——————- and —————— to produce butyrate, a short chain fatty acid that promotes normal cell development and may reduce inflamation
Fermentable fiber and resistant starch
AICR recommends that waist circumference be no larger than —— inches for men and —— inches for women.
37, 31.5
You initiate TPN on a malnourished oncology patient who is at risk for refeeding? What would you recommend for calorie requirements?
20 kcal/kg or no more than 1,000 kcal per day and advance as tolerated while monitoring electrolyte levels
2 best suited predictive formulas for the oncology population
Penn State 2003, swinamer and Ireton-jones 1992 and 1997, mifflin-St. Jeor
What is an individual’s protein requirement with cancer cachexia?
1.5-2.5
Zinc, iron, selenium, vitamins A, B and C are commonly deficient in individuals who are ill. How should these be restored?
A daily multivitamin that provides around 100% RDA.
—— % of cancer patients experience anorexia and weight loss prior diagnosis.
40%
Name 4 things that correlate with unintentional weight loss during cancer treatment:
- Lower performance status
- Reduce response to treatment
- Lower survival rates
- Lower quality of life
Hypocaloric feeds have been shown to positively affect protein anabolism
True or false
True
List 3 negative outcomes associated with weight loss during cancer treatment.
- Increased toxicity from chemotherapy
- Incomplete cancer therapies
- Decreased survival rates
Calorie restriction during chemo therapy is defined as a reduction in caloric intake by:
20 - 40%
Malnutrition is reported in approximately _______% of cancer patients at the time of diagnosis and up to _____% over the course of care
15-20%; 80%
What are some of the positive effects of calorie restriction (CF) before or during chemo reported in the literature
Less fatigue, less weakness, less GI issues
What are some of the proposed mechanisms of CF (calorie Restriction)
Modulation of insulin, IGF, proinflamatory cytokines, adiponectin, leptin, increased antioxidant effects and DNA repair mechanisms
What are the ACSM American Collage of Sports Medicine exercise guidelines for cancer survivors, who are cleared (no neuropathy, high bone fracture, muscle tear risk, etc.)
150 minutes mod or 75 min vigorous aerobic exercise plus weight training all muscle groups 2 times per week
Consumption of no more than_____ cups of green tea daily is likely adequate for desired benefits with low risk of adversed effects
5
The contraindication of st. John’s wort and imatinib and irinotecan is explain by which shared pharmacokinetic pathway?
Cytochrome p450
What is Zometa?
Zometa- zoledroic acid- is used to reduce bone complications and bone pain caused by advanced stage breast cancer that has spread to the bone.
How often Zometa infusions are prescribed?
Every 4 to 12 weeks
