Ct Flashcards
(20 cards)
Traumatic aortic lac-
eration, rupture, or pseudoaneurysm occurs
most commonly at the following areas
(1) aortic
root, (2) level of the ligamentum arteriosum, or
(3) diaphragm and aortic hiatus. Patients with
aortic root injury often die at the scene of injury;
Ascending aortic aneurysm
Aneurysms localized to the ascending aorta
may occur with atherosclerosis, Marfan’s syn-
drome, cystic medial necrosis, syphilis, or aortic
valvular disease
SVC obstruction can be seen in a variety
of diseases…
most commonly bronchogenic car-
cinoma, although in some parts of the United
States, granulomatous mediastinitis as a result
of histoplasmosis is a common cause. Other
causes of SVC obstruction include sarcoidosis,fibrosing mediastinitis, tuberculosis, or mediasti-
nal radiation for neoplasm.
Indirect Hernia
Passes through deep inguinal ring, extends along inguinal canal, emerges at superficial inguinal ring. Above inguinal ligament and lateral to inferior epigastric artery.
Direct inguinal hernia
passes through transversalis fascia in hesselbach triangle, above inguinal ligament and medial to inferior epigastric artery
femoral hernia
Passes through femoral canal - below inguinal ligament
Inguinal canal components
Floor - inguinal ligament (external oblique aponeurosis)
anterior wall - external oblique fascia
- triangular defect medially forms superficial inguinal ring
Roof: Internal oblique and transversus abdominus fascia
- attached to lateral part of inguinal ligament
Posterior wall: Trasversalis fascia
- contains rounded defect midway between anterior superior iliac spine and pubic tubercle, known as deep inguinal ring.
Hepatic angiomyolipoma
Rare, fat containing benign mass. Associated with tuberous sclerosis (if TS, may be present in kidneys as well(.
Liver shuttle
- Late arterial phase: want portal vein enhancement without hepatic vein enhancement.
- Portal venous phase: portal vein and hepatic vein enhance.
- Delayed imaging
Thyroid mass
As a rule, if a thyroid mass is suspected
clinically, CT should be performed without con-
trast injection. This allows subsequent injection
of radioactive iodine for diagnosis.
Retro peritoneal LAD in young healthy male
Think of testicular Ca and order US
Passive hepatic congestion CT findings
Periportal lymph edema, distension, reflux of contrast into hepatic veins and IVC on arterial phase.
Cathartic colon
Chronic stimulant laxative use. Will see ahaustral shortened colon. Irregular distribution and transient segmental colonic narrowing, primarily in ascending and transverse colon.
Hemangioma CT characteristics
Lesion is isodense to blood pool on all images. (“Capillary”) may also demonstrate globular peripheral cetripedal enhancement
Pancreatic ductal carcinoma
Most common focal Hypovascular mass occurring in pancreatic head. It obstructs pancreatic duct +_ bile duct and often invades adjacent blood vessels and lymph nodes.
Mortgagni hernia
Hernias of abdominal contents through the ante-
romedial diaphragmatic foramen of Morgagni
can result in a cardiophrenic angle mass; 90%
of these occur on the right. The hernia usually
contains omentum or liver; bowel is less com-
mon.
Causes of pneumotosis
Bowel infarction, iatrogenic (surgery), steroids and immunosuppressive. With medication induced, usually right colon
Weigert Meyer
Upper: obstructs, medial and inferior bladder insertion. May end in ureterocele.
Lower: refluxes, orthotopic insertion lateral and superior
Mesenteric adenitis
Cluster of iliocolic LN and inflammatory changes of terminal ilium. Will resolve without specific therapy
Omental infarct
May calcify. Look at Omentum
