CT Chest Flashcards
What is the likely diagnosis in a patient who’s CT shows focal smooth thickening of the interlobular septa in the presence of a known malignancy?
Lymphangitic carcinomatosis
What is the likely diagnosis in a patient who’s CT shows smooth septal thickening and ground class opacity in a gravity dependent location in a patient with cardiomegaly and pleural fluid?
Cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
What is the likely diagnosis in a patient who’s CT shows (ill-defined) centrilobular nodules of ground glass opacity (or a mosaic pattern) in a farmer or bird fancier?
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (EAA or bird fanciers lung)
What is the main pathophysiological process that occurs in ARDS?
Increased pulmonary vasculature permeability
What condition is likely to present with a widespread, symmetrical ground glass opacity with a predilection for gravity dependant areas of the lung?
ARDS
What is the most likely diagnosis in a patient with infective lung symptoms and the CT shows honeycombing of multilayered thick walled cysts with traction bronchiectasis (due to fibrosis) with some lymphadenopathy and a basal predominance?
Usual interstitial pneumonitis
What is the likely diagnosis in a smoker who’s CT shows nodules (or bizarre-shaped cysts - due to bronchial obliteration) in the upper and middle zones?
Langerhan’s cell histiocytosis
Give 3 possible causes of the presence of nodules in the lungs
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Sarcoidosis
Tuberculosis
Metastatic disease
Give 3 possible causes of the presence of cysts in the lungs
Bronchiectasis (signet ring sign)
Emphysema
Give 4 indications that a nodule is more than likely malignant
Size (greater than 3cm)
Growth (no growth over 2 years is most likely benign)
Shape (more sides = more likely of malignancy)
Depth (i.e., more ‘volume’ means more likely malignant)
Margins (spiculation or more margins makes malignancy more likely)
Ground glass component (this increase likelihood of malignancy)
