CT division Flashcards
(310 cards)
1
Q
Common S/S of CAD
A
headaches/migraines
men 35-50
Carotidynia
Ptosis
2
Q
Ptosis definition
A
Dropping of the eyelid
3
Q
Carotidynia definition
A
Mid - upper cervical pain
Pain around ear and jaw
4
Q
Cranial nerve Mnemonic
A
Oh oh oh to touch and feel very good velvet, ah heaven
5
Q
Cranial nerve 1
A
olfactory nerve
sense of smell
6
Q
Cranial nerve 2
A
Optic nerve
Ability to see
7
Q
Cranial nerve 3
A
Oculomotor nerve
Ability to move and blink your eyes
8
Q
Cranial nerve 4
A
Trochlear nerve
Ability to move your eyes up and down or back and forth
9
Q
Cranial nerve 5
A
Trigeminal nerve
Sensations in your face and cheeks, taste and jaw movements
10
Q
Cranial nerve 6
A
Abducens nerve
Ability to move your eyes
11
Q
Cranial nerve 7
A
Facial nerve
Facial expressions and sense of taste
12
Q
Cranial nerve 8
A
Auditory/vestibular nerve
Sense of hearing and balance
13
Q
Cranial nerve 9
A
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Ability to taste and swallow
14
Q
Cranial nerve 10
A
Vagus nerve
Digestion and heart rate
15
Q
Cranial nerve 11
A
Accessory nerve or spinal accessory nerve
Shoulder and neck muscle movement
16
Q
Cranial nerve 12
A
Hypoglossal nerve
Ability to move your tongue
17
Q
Cervical myelopathy demographics
A
males
> 50 y/o
C5-6 more commonly
18
Q
Cervical myelopathy signs
A
Hyperreflexia DTRs
UMN signs
Unsteadiness
19
Q
UMN signs
A
Sensory loss with multi-dermatomal pattern
Neuromuscular exam of upper and lower extremities
Spasticity
Clonus
Ms wasting of UE and LE
20
Q
Finger escape sign
A
Seated, pt flexes both elbow to 90
PT pronates and ADD fingers
(+) if 5th finger cannot maintain adduction
21
Q
Ulnar nerve neuropathy
A
(+) Wartenberg sign
Paresthesias on 4th and 5th finger
22
Q
Posterior interosseus nerve
A
Radial Nerve branch and is motor only seen w/ supinator syndrome
23
Q
Median nerve entrapment
A
Cause paresthesias on the volar aspect of the band and the fingertips of 1,2,3 & lateral 4th
24
Q
Parsonage - Turner’s syndrome
A
Neuritis involving the brachial plexus (involves the upper trunk)
25
Mckenzie dysfunction results
Pain at end range
Best intervention is to progress into their limitation w/ dysfunction criteria
26
Cervical myelopathy CPG
Gait deviation
(+) Babinski's test
(+) Hoffman test
(+) Supinator sign
Hyperreflexia of Brachioradialis
3+ or greater w/ ms stretch reflex testing
27
T4 syndrome
Stocking glove pattern and symptoms in their upper thoracic spine
Common mimic of diabetes and radiculopathy
28
Pronator teres innervated
Median Nerve
29
Radiculopathy and stenosis have what in common?
Dermatomal loss at specific lvls
30
Morquio syndrome
Bone dysplasia associated w/ C1-2 subluxation
31
VBI vs BPPV
VBI at end range cervical rotation will increase dizziness
BPPV at end range cervical rotation will decrease dizziness over time after it is increased w/ position change
32
Bakody sign (abduction test)
P or AROM shld ABD to place hand on head
(+) if symptom reduction
(-) for symptom magnification and potential for scalene issue/involvement
33
Spinoglenoid notch
Entrapment in this area could lead to suprascapular nerve involvement and atrophy of infraspinatus
34
Quadrilateral space syndrome
Fatty infiltration of the teres minor and compression of the axillary nerve
Cause cervical radiculopathy symptoms and posterior shld pain
35
Parsonage - turner syndrome
Brachial neuritis w/ pain initially but no pain and only muscle weakness
Common w/ recent illness or vaccinations, 5th decade of life
36
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy
Similar to CRPS
S/s of burning pain, increased skin sensitivity, changes in skin temp, swelling and stiffness in joints, changes in skin color
37
Cervical mechanical Tx is done when?
If no centralization of symptoms
38
Cervicogenic headaches w/ increased symptoms past work will benefit from?
Grade III/IV mobs and DNF training
39
Arnold Chiari malformation
Displacement of cerebellar tonsils and brain stem tissue into the foramen magnum.
Neck pain and HA symptoms
40
Quadrilateral space syndrome
Created by the lateral head of the triceps, teres minor, teres major and medial border of the humerus
Hold the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery
41
What does the C5 innervate?
Axillary nerve root and innervates the deltoid, teres minor
sensation to lateral shoulder
42
Wartenberg sign
Slightly greater ABD of the 5th digit due to weakness of the palmar interosseous ms unopposed action to the radial innervated extensor ms (digiti minimi, digitorum communis)
43
Wartenberg's syndrome
Entrapment of the superficial branch of the radial nerve w/ only sensory manifestations and no motor deficits
44
Middle 1/3 humeral Fx results in?
Radial N injury
45
Radial nerve supplies motor
Triceps
Anconeus
Brachioradialis
Extensor bundle
Abductor pollicis and extensor indices
46
TMJ w/ reduction
Opening click where disc shifts anteriorly and returns posteriorly w/ closing
47
TMJ w/o reduction
Smaller ability to open the jaw due
Posterior displacement results in decreased ability to close jaw
48
Thoracodorsal Nerve innervates
Latissimus dorsi
49
Thoracodorsal nerve is from what nerve root
C6-8
50
Lower subscapular nerve innervates
Teres Major
51
Lower subscapular nerve is from what nerve root
C5-6
52
Upper subscapular nerve innervates
Subscapularis
53
Upper subscapular nerve is from what nerve root
C5-7
54
Musculocutaneous Nerve innervates
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis
and is the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm
55
Musculocutaneous nerve is from what nerve root
C5-7
56
Axillary Nerve innervates
Deltoid
Teres minor
57
Axillary nerve is from what nerve root
C5-6
58
Radial nerve is from what nerve root
C5-T1
59
Dorsal scapular nerve innervates
Rhomboid
Levator
60
Dorsal scapular nerve is from what nerve root
C4-5
61
Long thoracic nerve innervates
Serratus anterior
62
Long thoracic nerve is from what nerve root
C5-7
63
Nerve to the subclavius innervates
Subclavis ms
64
Nerve to the subclavius is from what nerve root
C5-6
65
Suprascapular nerve innervates
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
66
Suprascapular nerve is from what nerve root
C5-6
67
Lateral Pectoral nerve innervates
Pec minor and major
68
Lateral pectoral nerve is from what nerve root
C5-7
69
Ulnar nerve innervates
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Medial 2 bellies of flexor digitorum profundus
Intrinsic hand ms
Thenar ms
2 most lateral lumbricals
70
Ulnar nerve is from what nerve root
C8-T1
71
OA CPG treatment
Flexibility, endurance, and strengthening exercises and manual is A evidence
72
Canadian C-spine rules
≥ 65 y/o
Dangerous mechanism
Paresthesias in extremities
Rotate L & R 45 degrees (Unable)
73
C-spine rule dangerous mechanism
Fall of ≥ 3ft or 5 stairs
Axial load to head
> 100km/hr
74
Arcade of Froshe
Commonly traps the posterior interosseous Nerve branch of radial Nerve
75
Ligament of struthers and arcade of struthers and lower c-spine radiculopathy cause?
Increased pain for ulnar nerve
76
How to reduce right orbit lower than left in congenital torticollis
R SCM stretching to reduce tightness and eye issues
77
Froment's sign
Weakness of ADD pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis and first dorsal interosseous ms
Suggestive of ulnar neuropathy or entrapment
78
Klippel - Feil syndrome
2 or more vertebra are fused in the C/s from birth
79
Scheuermann disease
Juvenile kyphosis
Vertebral bodies are discs of the spine identified by anterior wedging of greater than or equal to 5 degrees or 3 or more adjacent vertebral bodies & > 40 degrees
80
What is a characteristic of Grave's disease?
Enophtalmos or posterior displacement of the eye within the socket
81
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF)
Most widely used surgeries for cervical radiculopathy
Can remove compression w/o retraction of spinal cord
82
Hangman's Fx
Fx of the axis (C2) at the pedicles
83
Jefferson Fx
C1 Fx
84
Extension Tear drop Fx
Middle or lower c/s Fx due to forced et w/ avulsion of anterior inferior corner of the vertebral body
85
Tx for tear drop Fx
Immobilization
86
Clay shoveler's Fx
Lower C/s
Avulsion type spinous process Fx of lower C/s or upper T/s
87
Erbs - Duchenne palsy
Traction or avulsion injury to the upper roots of C5-6
Results in waiter's tip of the UE
88
Klumpke's palsy
Involves C8-T1
89
Upper cervical instability is seen with?
RA, DS and juvenile RA
90
Alar ligament test
Prom to the left or right upper c/s rotation
Left rotation spinous process moves right
No feeling of the spinous process moving then the contralateral side alar ligament is compromised
91
Cervical myelopathy when a patient is sitting may cause
Paresthesia and anterior thigh pain
92
Bassett's lesion is?
Entrapment of the lateral ante-brachial cutaneous Nerve
Common with OH athletes
93
T4 syndrome is?
Bilateral stocking glove paresthesias and upper T/S pain
Pain behind the shoulder blade & pain in the neck
Nondermatomal pattern
Hypo-mobility of lower c/s and upper t/s
94
Paget - schmetter syndrome is?
DVT of the upper extremities
Seen in young active males with repetitive OH activities
95
What is the primary jaw depressor?
Lateral Ptreygoid
96
Rule of 3s
T1-3 = SP & TP same lvl
T4-6 = SP is 1/2 lv below TP
T7-9 = SP is 1 lvl below TP
T10-12 = SP is at the same lvl as the vertebra they are attached to
97
Acute cholecysitis referral pain
Pain of right upper quadrant/ infrascapular and pain post eating
98
Pancreatitis pain referral pattern
Epigastric pain and radiation of thoracolumbar pain
99
Pyelonephritis referral pain
Costovertebral &/or flank pain
100
Ankylosing spondylitis s/s
Morning pain and decreased AROM of T/s
< 45 y/o
Wakes up in the 2nd half of the night
Weather pain
101
Crohn's disease gene and elevated blood value
HLA - B27 gene expression
Elevated c-reation protein
102
Pancoast tumor
Smoker
> 50 y/o
Arm paresthesias
103
Enthesitis characteristics
Inflammation at the sit of ligament or tendon attachment
Common with Synovitis, Psoritic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis
104
Thoracic disc herniations occur in?
30 - 50 y/o males and females
105
What is the periaqueductal gray
Supra-spinal structures that can be stimulated w/ manual for analgesia
106
Sympathetic nervous system is able to?
Can change skin conductance and temperature past joint mobilizations due to stimulation of the dorsal peri-aqueductal matter of the mid brain
107
Elevated first rib right or left mechanics
Suspect a cervical rotation to the right and lateral flexion to the left to assess left first rib
opposite for right rib
108
Lhermitte's sign "Barber sign"
Indicated of cervical myelopathy
Cervical flexion occurs and electrical stimulation is felt down the back
109
Froment's sign/test
Key grip with paper inbetween
Thumb should stay flat showing ADD pollicis is firing and the ulnar nerve is firing
(+) if thumb flexes to engage FPL
110
Hoffmans signs is?
Upper motor neuron sign when pressure is applied to the nail of the 3rd digit and is flicked
111
Kernig's sign is?
Limitation of straightening the knee when hip is flexed to 90 degrees
Characteristic of meningitis
112
Dorsal scapular nerve innervates?
Levator scapula
Rhomboid minor and major
113
Paraspinals Lateral to medial
Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis
I love spaghetti
114
Brown sequard syndrome is?
Hemisection of the spinal cord
Loss of proprioception and motor function of the side of the lesion
Inability to sense pain or temperature on the contralateral side
115
12 ribs and the truth and false
7 true ribs
5 false ribs
116
Kehr's sign
Ruptured spleen where there is acute left shoulder pain at the tip
117
Inferior Vena Cava enters?
Diaphragm at T8
118
Esophagus enters the diaphragm at?
T10
119
ta enters the diaphragm at?
T12
120
What happens if the inferior vena cava gets compressed?
Hypotension
Occurs in later pregnancy
121
What happens past 120 degrees of shoulder elevation?
Lower trap and serratus anterior facilitate further mvmt
122
Prone double straight leg raise test purpose
Best test for LBP
Best SN and SP
123
Marathon runners commonly develop?
A-fib
124
What will you see with a long thoracic nerve injury?
Increased distance from T4 to the medial border of the scapula on the same side as the injury
125
T4 dermatome is?
Nipples
126
10 dermatome is?
Umbilicus
127
Adson's test
Identify scalene tightness for TOS
Turn head to affected arm and therapist ER and extends arm w/ holding breath for 10 sec
128
What are demi facets?
Concave surfaces located on the vertebral body and articulate with convex rib head
129
What are costo - transverse facets?
located on the transverse process and also articulates with rib
130
Neck endurance test norms
Female = 29.4 +/- 13.7
Male = 38.9 +/- 20.1 seconds
131
NDI mechanical neck pain changes is?
8.4 MDC
Lower overall score the better
132
CPG for acute whiplash recovery
2-3 months
133
CPG for neck pain w/ mvmt coordination impairment will have:
(+) cranial cervical flexion test
(+) neck flexor muscle endurance test
Point tenderness w/ TrPs
Neck pain during midrange and worsening pain at end range
134
Canadian c-spine rules
Dangerous mechanism
Fall > 1 meter/3ft/5 steps,
Bicycle collision
MVA > 60 mph
Axial load to the head such as diving
135
Patient - specific functional scale rating
3-5 specific activities that are difficult due to neck pain and symptoms
0-10 scale w/ 0 being inability & 10 being ability
136
Cervical myelopathy s/s
Higher reflex grade
(+) babinski test
(+) hoffman's test
- atrophy of intrinsic hand ms, gait, balance disturbances
(+) inverted supinator sign
137
CPG for cervical radiculopathy
(+) Suprlings
(+) Distraction
(+) ULTT A
C/s rotation of less than 60 degrees on involved side
138
Best thing to rule out cervical radiculopathy
ULTT A
139
Sharp purser test purpose
Transverse ligament test of C1-2
(+) if cranium moves but no C2 mvmt or reproducible symptoms
140
Sharp purser test SP and SN
SP = .96
SN = .69
141
Success short term for cervical radiculopathy
< 54 y/o
Dominant hand not affected
Symptoms dont get worse with flexion
Multimodal Tx applied for 50% of the time
142
Best way to diagnosis cervical radiculopathy
MRI w/o contrast
143
CPG of acute neck pain w/ radiating symptoms Tx
Short term collar
Laser
mobilization and stabilization exercises
144
Chronic neck pain w/ radiating pain Tx
Cervical traction
Thoracic manipulation
Neck flexibility w/ strengthening
145
Good outcomes for traumatic neck pain
Cold hyperalgesia
6-12 weeks after the injury
146
How to see alar and transverse ligament issues
MRI
147
How to rule in Cervicogenic HA and neck pain
cervical flexion rotation test
High SP and good +LR
148
Another name for cranial cervical flexion test
Deep neck endurance test
149
Is there a CPG for VBI risk?
NO
150
A C5 nerve root lesion will cause
Proximal ms weakness on the shoulder and sensory issues of the shoulder
151
C7 involvement will present?
Weakness towards wrist flexion and elbow extension
Sensory disturbances on 3rd finger
Impaired tricep reflex
152
C8 Involvement will present?
Weakness of finger ms/ intrinsic ms of the hand/ FPL/ FDP
4th and 5th finger sensory issues
153
What is wartenburg syndrome?
Mononeuropathy involving entrapment of the superficial branch of the radial nerve
154
What is a hangman's Fx?
Fx on C2 body or dens which extends through the pars interarticularis bilaterally
155
If a burst compression Fx occurs in the c/s what is the best vertebra
C7
Lightest risk for kyphotic deformity development
156
C1 or 2 Fx Tx
Hard cervical collar
157
RA or chronic RA can cause what in the c/s?
Cervical instability
Fatigue in neck
Fever
and other symptomatic symptoms
158
If the Atlas rotates on the axis will anything else happen?
There will be some extension side bending and flexion at times
159
What motion is not allowed in the atlanto - occipital joint?
Rotation and lateral flexion due to the occipital condyles resting on the atlantal sockets
160
What ligaments stabilize the atlanto-axial joint?
Transverse
Alar
Apical
161
What else occurs when C2-3 side flexion?
lower cervical segments rotate to the same side
162
CPR for cervical manipulation
(+) outlook that manipulation will help
< 38 days since onset of symptoms
Side to side difference of 10 degrees or with cervical rotation
Pain w/ PA spring test on mid cervical spine segments
163
C7 lesion will affect exercises how?
Inability to perform:
Push ups
Wringing clothes
Tricep reflex
Middle finger sensory issues
164
Vertebral artery dissection can manifest pain how?
unilateral pain on posterior cervical area w/ occipital HA
165
Occipital HAs could be?
Non ischemic vertebral artery dissection
166
Ischemic vertebral artery dissection s/s include:
Dysarthria
Malaise
Facial numbness
Papillary changes
Lack of facial sweating
Hearing issues
clumsiness
Agitation
167
Runners with Plantar fascia have what type of foot posture?
Hind foot varus
168
Increased Talar tilt results in?
Future ankle sprains
169
What is listed to diagnosis of OA?
Full or partial thickness cartilage loss
bone attrition
Meniscal tear
170
Knee OA short term relief?
TENS unit
171
Purpose of a valgus brace for knees
Decrease instability
Decrease risk of falling
172
A good sign of psoriatic arthritis
Pitting and thickening of fingernails
173
Meniscus layers
White white zone = inner layer
Red white zone = middle layer
Red red zone = outer layer
174
McMurray test and the rotation purpose
IR = lateral meniscus
ER = medial meniscus
175
Best scale for meniscal injury
Tegner activity scale
176
Best scale for ligament surgeries
Lysholm knee scale
177
Most common points for cervical radiculopathy
C6-7
178
Patient education is recommended for what neck individuals
Neck pain w/ movement coordination and impairment
Neck pain w/ radiating pain per neck pain
179
Define H-reflex
Somatosensory evoked potential that represents latency of a ms stretch reflex
180
Upper cervical instability has what?
The inability to return to their neutral neck position and raises concerns for atlantoaxial rotary instability or subluxation
181
Carotid artery supplies and is stressed when?
Supplies 89% of the blood flow for anterior cranial circulation
Stressed w/ mid cervical extension
182
WAD recovery
Coping
Expectations
Anxiety
Depression impair prognosis
183
Purpose of a cervical flexion - rotation test
Ruling in or out of C1-2 dysfunction
average of 17 degrees decreased in that ROM
184
Lateral x-ray graph is used for what cervical Fx
Flexion tear drop Fx
Hangman's Fx
185
Flexion tear drop Fx
Severe flexion and compression C4-6
186
Hangman's Fx
Pars interarticularis Fx of C2
187
Occiput Fx should be viewed in?
AP or lateral view X-ray
188
Jefferson Fx should be viewed in?
Open mouth view
189
What is a Jefferson Fx
C1 burst Fx and unstable
190
Diagnosis of OA is contributed to?
Full or partial thickness cartilage loss
Bone attrition
Meniscal tear
191
Best short term pain relief for knee OA
TENS
192
A valgus brace should be used for Knees when?
Instability and risk of falling
193
Good sign of psoriatic arthritis
Pitting and thickening of the fingernails
194
Meniscus layers
White white - inner layer
Red white - middle layer
Red red - Outer layer
195
Sides that the McMurray test assesses
Lateral meniscus = IR
Medial meniscus = ER
196
Good test for meniscal injury
Tegner activity scale
197
Good scale for ligament surgeries
Lysholm knee scale
Higher the score the better
198
Best predictor of cancer
> 50 years old
PMH of cancer
199
Most common cervical radiculopathy points
C6-7
200
Patient specific Functional Scale
3-5 activities
0-10 scale w/ 10 being the ability to perform easy
3 point MDC for single activity
2 point MDC for average
201
Neck pain w/ movement coordination impairment and neck pain w/ radiating pain per neck pain would benefit from?
Education of the symptoms
202
What is an H reflex?
Somatosensory evoked potential that represents latency of a ms stretch reflex
203
Upper cervical instability will have?
Inability to return to their neutral neck position
Potential for atlantoaxial rotary instability or subluxation
204
Carotid artery facts
Supplies 89% of the blood flow for anterior cranial circulation
Stressed w/ mid cervical extension
205
Wad recovery
Coping, expectations, anxiety and depression impair prognosis
206
Cervical radiculopathy will have the best short term outcomes in those with?
Non-dominant arm affected
looking down worsens symptoms
< 54 y/o
Multimodal Tx for 50% of the visits
207
Cervical flexion rotation test SP/SN
SP = 94%
SN = 100%
For cervicogenic Headaches
208
Lateral graph (x-ray) used for?
Flexion tear drop Fx
Hangman's Fx
209
Flexion tear drop Fx
Severe flexion and compression at C4-6
210
Hangman's Fx
Pars interacrticularis of C2
211
Best view to see an occiput Fx
AP or lateral View
212
Best view to see a Jefferson Fx
Open mouth for it is a C1 burst Fx and is unstable
213
Hangman's Fx Tx
Type 1 is soft collar and therapy while Type 2A and 3 are surgery
214
What vitamin has been shown to limit development of hip OA?
Vitamin D
215
What is Grade 3 OA (All Kellgren Lawerence scale)
Narrowing of the joint space and moderate osteophytes in the joint
216
What is Grade 4 OA (All Kellgren Lawerence scale)
Large osteophytes
Severe joint space narrowing
Deforming of bone contour
Subchondral sclerosis
217
Commonly seen Inflammatory diseases
IBS and RA
218
Impingement classification Stage 1
< 25 y/o
Minimal change on imaging
219
Impingement classification Stage 2
25-40 y/o
Symptoms of tendinitis and fibrosus
220
Impingement classification Stage 3
> 40 y/o
Bone spurs
Tendon degeneration of supraspinatus
221
Ankylosing Spondylitis cluster
Morning stiffness for 30 mins each day
Alternating butt pain
Impairment of LBP w/ exercise
Night pain during the 2nd half of the night
222
Referred pain from an abdominal aortic aneurysm
Rapid severe onset of groin pain and LBP
223
Depression screen 2 questions
96% SN
Over the past 2 wks, Have you felt little interest or pleasure in doing things?
Over the past 2 wks, have you felt down, depressed or hopeless?
224
L4 nerve root innervation for dermatome is?
Knees and down to the toes medially
225
Grower's sign should lead you?
Lumbar instability
226
Acute phase traction
Static traction for 5-10 mins
227
acute phase of traction
60s on and 20s off
40-60% BS for 12 minutes
228
Abductor Hallicus is innervated by?
Medial plantar nerve vis S2-3
229
When to avoid lumbar manipulation?
When symptoms are below the knee
230
L4 weakness for myotome is?
DFs and Quads
231
L5 weakness results in?
DF and big toes extension
Sensory issues along anterior shin and big toe
232
Aspinall test is?
Transverse ligament weakness and (+) if lump in the throat is felt
233
Upper cervical ligamentous instability s/s
Occipital HA
Numbness w/ significant neck AROM limitations
234
CAD pain
Posterior neck pain in the temple and occipital region
235
Purpose of the transverse ligament
Hold the dens in a approximation to the atlas
Maintain stability of C1-2 w/ prevention of displacement anteriorly
236
Alar ligament purpose
Contralateral upper portion and ipsilateral lower portion limit sid flexion of the upper cervical while preventing distraction of the atlas on the axis
237
Tectorial membrane purpose
Limit excessive cervical flexion
Continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament
238
Atlantoaxial membrane and tectorial membrane
Limit lateral displacement of the atlas on axis
239
CTS wrist ratio if higher than .69
Predisposing factor
240
Phalen's and Tinel's sign SN and SP
Higher SN and SP for tensynovitis than CTS
241
Nerve conduction velocity test is gold standard for?
CTS
242
Damage to the transverse carpal ligament will cause?
S/s like CTS
243
Is the anterior interosseous branch sensory motor?
Motor only
244
Radial nerve sensory region
Palmar side of the thumb lateral aspect
Doral surface of the 2nd and 3rd digit
245
Posterolateral bundle of the ACL plays?
Bigger role in rotational stability
246
Posterior medial bundle of the ACL plays?
Bigger role in preventing anterior translation of the tibia on the femur during knee flexion
247
Arcuate ligament provides stability to?
Posterolateral knee capsule for static and not dynamic
248
Pacinian corpuscles are?
Mechanoreceptors and responsible for proprioceptive deficits
249
Ruffini corpuscles are?
Mechanoreceptors for proprioceptive deficits
250
Anteroinstability in the knee will cause?
ACL and MCL + medial meniscus injury
251
Popliteofibular ligament is?
Major limitator of ER of the tibia
252
Multiligament injuries of the knee should be?
Braces for 4 wks after surgery
253
Full thickness tears (RTC) tests and SP
External rotation lag sign = 94%
Internal rotation lag sign = 84%
Drop arm = 77%
254
Intrinsic causes of adhesive capsulitis
Bicep tendinitis
Calcific tendinitis
AC arthritis
255
Extrinsic causes of adhesive capsulitis
Cariopulmonary disease
Cardiovascular disease
256
Systemic cause for adhesive capsulitis
Hypoadrenalism
257
Moderate and high irritability adhesive capsulitis should not be?
Educated on return to recreational hobbies
258
Is there any evidence of thermotherapy helping with adhesive capsulitis?
None
259
osteophytes seen on a radiograph suggest?
Knee pain in a patient
260
Pec major muscle is innervated by and origin where?
Lateral pec nerve
Origin on the anterior border of the medial half of the clavicle
261
Pec minor insertion?
Medial border of the coracoid process
262
Scapular protraction is not affected by?
C3
263
C3 involves?
Shoulder elevation
Cervical side flexion
Cervical rotation
264
NDI MCID radiculopathy and mechanical
Radiculopathy is 7.5
Mechanical is 9.5
265
6 predictors to cervical manipulation having a good response
NDI < 11/50
Bilateral involvement
not performing > 5hr/day of sedentary work
Feeling better while moving the neck
W/o feeling worse while extending the neck
Diagnosis of spondylosis w/o radiculopathy
266
Chronic neck pain and research has shown us?
Endurance or strengthening training will have the same result at 1 y/o
267
Chronic WAD has shown?
Larger cross-sectional area of the cervical paraspinals
268
Neck pain w/ radiating pain should be treated with?
Nerve mobilization
Traction
Thoracic manual therapy
269
Carpal movement with ulnar deviation
Extension of the proximal row
Flexion of distal row
270
Carpal movement with radial deviation
Flexion of the proximal row
Extension of the distal row
271
Extensor carpi radialis brevis use
Grip and grasp activites unless forearm is supinated
272
Median nerve innervates
Sensory of the thumb
index
3rd and 4th on the dorsum of the hand
273
Best test for anterior interosseous nerve?
Pinch grip
274
Infraspinatus ms referral pain
Lateral and posterior should
275
ULTT2B
Radial nerve bias
276
Froment's sign testing for
Ulnar nerve for the ADD pollicis
277
Plantar fascia or heel pain will benefit from?
Rocker bottom shoe w/ orthotic for symptom relief
278
Rearfoot distraction manipulation will assist with?
Generalized ankle mobility issues
279
Benefit of a proximal tibiofibular manipulation
DF in the ankle
280
SLE is seen in
women 20-30
Men 45-60
Can damage blood vessels and organs
281
Windlass test SP and SN
100% Sp weight bearing
32% Sn non weight bearing
282
Purpose of a Windlass test
Testing the plantar fascia
283
2-4 months short term symptoms of plantar fascia pain will be resolved with?
Stretching to gastroc/soleus and plantar fascia
284
False statement of lateral epicondyalgia
Is that there are few cases truely on lateral epicondylalgia
285
Capsular pattern of TMJ
C Curve or S curve
Due to pain and limited mandibular depression
286
GHJ instability is?
Secondary impingement syndrome
287
Tension type HA will last?
30 min - 7 days
288
Cluster HA will last?
15min - 2 hours
289
Migraines will last
4 hours - 72 hours
290
HA and types
Migraine HA may shift sides
Tension type will stay bilaterally and tightness of the temporal area and front of the head
291
Ventral horn of the spinal cord contains?
Motor neurons
292
Cervical extension has how may degrees?
45
293
C6 DTR are
Biceps and brachioradialis
294
T4 syndrome is?
Autonomic dysfunction and would explain cold hands and heavy dull achy hands bilaterally
(+) ULTT
(+) limited T/s joint mobility
Pain free ROM of cervical thoracic and lumbar
295
Best view for hill Sachs lesion?
Stryker notch view
296
Ulnar nerve lesion sensory loss
Medial 4th and entire 5th digit
297
C8 radiculopathy sensory loss
Entire 4th and 5th digit
298
C8 radiculopathy motor loss
ADD pollicis
Palmaris brevis
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor carpi Radialis
Flexor Digitorium superficialis
Palmaris longus
299
Cervicogenic Headache symptoms
Unilateral headaches with intermittent nature
weakness of the DNF
Hypomobility of the upper cervical spine
300
Cluster headache symptoms
Sharp
stabbing
sudden
Occur at night and are associated with autonomic nervous system like watering eyes
301
Cervical flexion rotation test cut off (+)
< 32 degrees of rotation or a 10 degree reduction from other side
302
Subacromial pain syndrome s/s to rule in diagnosis
Impingement signs
Painful arc
pain with resisted external rotation
positive long head of the biceps
303
Substantial rotator cuff tendon tear
Age > 60
Lag signs
Weakness
Atrophy
304
Glenohumeral joint instability
Age < 40 w/ atraumatic onset
History of dislocation or subluxation
Apprehension test
Relocation test
Generalized or systemic laxity >5/9 beighton
SLAP lesion test
305
Primary adhesive capsulitis
Spontaneous progressive pain
loss of motion in 2 or more place and external rotation most limited
305
What are the 3 examination findings to rule in SAPS?
Hawkins kennedy sign
Painful arc
Pain and weakness with resisted shoulder ER
305
Best findings to rule in rotator cuff tear
>65 years old
Pain at night
Weakness in ER
306
Anterior apprehension SN/SP
SN = 50
SP = 56
307
Relocation SN/SP
SN = 81
SP = 92
308
