ctbs Flashcards by G Dog

What is an automatic deferral for heart valve donation? a. History of Cancer b. Obesity c. Cardiomyopathy d. Idiopathic Disorders

c. Cardiomyopathy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

AATB standards require that tissue banking maintain SOPs encompassing all of the following except: a. Donor suitability criteria and record management policies b. FDA regulations that apply to tissue banking c. Procedures for monitoring in-process controls d. Procedures describing criteria for exceptional release of tissue

b. FDA regulations that apply to tissue banking

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

During skin processing what is the maximum amount of time that skin can be exposed to temperatures above 10 degrees Celsius? a. 2hrs b. 1hr c. 8hr d. 4hr

a. 2 hours

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

At what temperature shall cardiovascular tissue be stored? a. -50 degree celsius or colder b. -1 degree celsius or colder c. -25 degree celsius or colder d. -100 degree celsius or colder

d. -100 degree Celsius or colder

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What must be considered for pediatric heart donors that have been breastfed in the 12 months prior to donation? a. Length of time donor was fed b. Mother’s blood must be used for serology testing c. Analysis of mother’s risk for transmissible disease d. Analysis of mother’s nutritional habits

c. Analysis of mother’s risk for transmissible disease

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pre-processing cultures are: a. Used to detect pathogenic yeast viruses & bacteria b. Required by AATB standards c. Reviewed by the medical director designee d. Preformed immediately after tissue exposure to antibiotics

b. Required by AATB standards

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of these blood cells produced in the trabecular area of long bones is responsible for fighting infection? a. Red Blood Cells b. White Blood Cells c. Platelets d. Macrophages

b. White Blood Cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When recovering bone from the lower extremities which bone should be removed last? a. Tibia b. Iliac Crest c. Femur d. Calcaneous

b. Iliac Crest

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following organisms cultured from skin shall make skin not suitable for transplantation? a. Cornebacterium Sp. b. Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcuss c. Staphylococcuss Aureus d. Streptococcuss Viridans

c. Staphylococcuss Aureus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the correct temperature for short-term storage frozen tissue? a. -30 degree celsius or colder b. -4 degree celsius or colder c. -20 degree celsius or colder d. -40 degree celsius or colder

c. -20 degree celsius or colder

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A 54yo married female with adult children is a potential donor. Who must give consent for donation? a. Mother b. Brother or Sister c. Adult Son or Daughter d. Husband

d. Husband

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

For in process controls what percentage of grafts must be swabbed for testing? a. 100% b. 20% c. 10% d. 50%

a. 100%

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the maximum amount of time that a donor can remain unrefrigerated prior to the commencement or recovery? a. 24hrs b. 12hrs c. 15hrs d. 8hrs

c. 15 hours

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following is a cryoprotectant a. Isotonic Saline b. Glycerol c. RPMI d. Typticase Soy Broth

b. Glycerol

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The upper time limit from retrieval to processing of heart valves is a. There is no time limit as long as aseptic technique is maintained during the recovery b. Total ischemic time must not exceed 48hrs c. Cold ischemic time must not exceed 48hrs d. Warm ischemic time must not exceed 48hrs

b. Total ischemic time must not exceed 48hrs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

All tissues not already transplanted which are subject to recall shall be located and quarantined pending resolution of the recall (T/F)?

TRUE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following is not a colloid solution? a. Fresh Frozen Plasma b. Ringers Lactate c. Dextran d. Albumin

b. Ringers Lactate

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the most common STD in the US? a. HIV b. Syphilis c. Genital Herpes d. Gonorrhea

c. Genital Herpes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the most common bloodbourne pathogen in the US today? a. HIV b. Hepatitis B c. Hepatitis A d. Hepatitis C

b. Hepatitis B

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the minimum classed environment needed for processing of cardiovascular tissue? a. Not Applicable b. Class 10 or Cleaner c. Class 500 or Cleaner d. Class 100 or Cleaner

d. Class 100 or Cleaner

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What tissue transplant is most closely associated with CJD? a. Iliac Crest b. Femur c. Dura Mater d. Skin

d. Dura Mater

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Serological testing on a potential donor reveals a positive HIV antibody screening test. The screening test is positive on repeat testing but the confirmatory test result is negative. What happens to the tissue. a. May not be used; discrepant results obtained b. May be used; HIV antibody test is not a required test c. May be used; confirmatory test is negative d. May not be used; results of confirmatory test cannot override a screening test

d. May not be used; results of confirmatory test cannot override a screening test

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following is not a cause for deferral? a. A Positive PPD Test for TB b. Untreated Syphilis c. Systemic Mycosis d. Evidence of Sepsis

a. A Positive PPD Test for TB

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following transplants is most commonly associated with spread of prion related disease? a. Skin b. Dura Mater c. Bone d. Blood Transfusion

b. Dura Mater

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following is NOT capable of osteoinduction? a. Demineralized Allograft b. Demineralized Xenograft c. Demineralized Allopast d. Demineralized Autograft

c. Demineralized Allopast

How long should donor records be held? (not including Dura mater) a. 20yrs Beyond Date of Final Disposition b. 5yrs Beyond the Date of Final Disposition c. Not a Requirement d. 10yrs Beyond Date of Final Disposition

d. 10yrs Beyond Date of Final Disposition

Name the first civilian regional tissue bank established in the US. a. University of Miami b. Florida State University c. United States Navy d. University of Florida

a. University of Miami

Which of the following does NOT have to be included on graft package inserts? a. Instruction for Opening the Package or Container b. Date of Processing of the Graft c. A Statement Indicating That the Tissue may Transmit Infectious Agents d. Type of Antibiotics Used in Processing

b. Date of Processing of the Graft

During heart for valve for recovery the aorta is cut 1 cm distal to the a. Pulmonary Artery b. Brachiocephalic Artery c. Carotid Artery d. Subclavian Artery

d. Subclavian Artery

Which of the following would NOT be a viral hepatitis rule out? a. Incarceration in Prison or Jail for Greater Than 72hrs in the Preceding 12 mos. b. Close Contact With a Person Having Viral Hepatitis in the Preceding 12 mos. c. Documented Hepatitis A Cytomegalovirus or Epstein Barr Virus d. Perutaneous Exposure to Blood Thought to be High Risk for Carrying Hepatitis in the Preceding 12mos

c. Documented Hepatitis A Cytomegalovirus or Epstein Barr Virus

If skin is to stored >96 hrs prior to processing how often must skin storage media be change? a. Every 24hrs b. Every 96hrs c. Every 72hrs d. Every 12hrs

c. Every 72hrs

Wolf's Law describes a. Fracture Repair in Long Bones b. The Amount of Pressure a Bone can Take Before Fracture c. The Relationship Between Form and Function in Bone. d. Bone Regeneration

d. Bone Regeneration

AN example of the immune response is a. Low pH on the skin b. Itching from a bee sting c. Normal flora of the intestines d. Flushing action of tears

b. Itching from a bee sting

Which of the following would be used for an osteochondral graft? a. Patellar Tendon b. Tri-Cortical Iliac Wedge c. Crushed Cancellous/Cortical Chips d. Distal Femur

d. Distal Femur

At what temp should hearts be transported to the processing facility? a. 4 degree celsius b. 1-10 degree celsius c. 2-10 degree celsius d. Temp doesn't matter as long as the heart is on ice

b. 1-10 degree celsius

Which organism if present requires discarding of skin grafts? a. Staphylococcus Sicuri b. Streptococcus Sanguis c. Streptococcus Viridans d. Staphylococcus Aureus

d. Staphylococcus Aureus

Cryopreserved allograft saphenous veins are NOT used in which procedure? a. AV Fistulas for use as Dialysis Conduits b. Peripheral Vascular Surgery c. Temporary Limb Revascularization in Traumatic Vessel Loss. d. Carotid Endarterectomies

d. Carotid Endarterectomies

Quality control is described by all of the following EXCEPT: a. Is one Dimension of Quality Assurance b. Provides for the Creation of Standard Operating Procedures c. Provides Microbiological Testing of Tissue at Pre-Sterilization and at Final Packaging Stages. d. Provides Tests to Monitor Specific Processes

b. Provides for the Creation of Standard Operating Procedures

Is Albumin a crystalloid or colloid?

Colloid

Which of the following organisms found on pre-processing culture from bone shall be a deferral of that tissue? a. Nuisancesis Kasprinis b. E.Coli c. Cornebacterium Sp. d. Clostridium Sp. e. Staphylococcus

Any of these are correct: E.Coli Clostridium Sp Staphlococcus

A donor has a verbal history of hepatitis. The donor is acceptable if the hepatitis was before what age? a. 12 b. 13 c. 14 d. 11

d. 11

Is a plasma dilution algorithm required for a 10yo donor with no history of blood loss? (Y/N)

At what temp should refrigerated skin be stored? a. 30-40 degree celsius b. 10-20 degree celsius c. -5 to -10 degree celsius d. 1-10 degree celsius

d. 1-10 degree celsius

The right ventricular outflow tract contains the ___valve and conduit and the left ventricular outflow tract contains the ___valve and conduit. a. Tricuspid Mitral b. Aortic Pulmonary c. Mitral Tricuspid d. Pulmonary Aortic

d. Pulmonary Aortic

The most probable origin of bacteria contaminating a heart procurement is: a. Lungs b. Skin c. Upper Respiratory Tract d Blood

a. Lungs

Optimal freezing rate for allograft heart valve is: a. 1 deg celsius/minute b. 5 deg celsius/second c. 5 deg celsius/minute d. 1 deg celsius/second

a. 1 deg celsius/minute

Total ischemic time in heart for valve recovery should not exceed: a. 24hrs b. 36hrs c. 12hrs d. 48hrs

d. 48hrs

What is the maximum time recovered musculoskeletal tissue shall remain at wet ice temp before either processing or freezing? a. 12hrs b. 15hrs c. 72hrs d. 24hrs

c. 72hrs

Processing and packaging of cardiovascular grafts must take place under: a. class 100/1000 conditions b. class 1000/100 conditions c. class 100/100 conditions d. class 1000/1000 conditions

c. class 100/100 conditions

To grow on laboratory media anaerobic organisms require: a. Reduced Oxygen b. Increased Oxygen c. Reduced Nitrogen d. Increased Hydrogen

a. Reduced Oxygen

The most common means of sterilization for musculoskeletal tissue is the use of: a. Ethylene Oxide b. Ionizing Radiation c. Carbon Dioxide d. Pressurized Steam

b. Ionizing Radiation

Which bone(s) is not in the foot? a. Metacarpal Bones b. Metatarsal Bones c. Phalanges d. Lateral Cuneiform Bone

a. Metacarpal Bones

Early data suggests that cryopreservation of the cardiac allografts made them superior to both porcine and mechanical valves in terms of freedom from ____ and _____. a. Blood Thinners/Carbon Plated Support Ring b. Dysfunction/Noise c. Re-operation/Infection d. Degeneration/High Cost

a. Blood Thinners/Carbon Plated Support Ring

Is TPN a crystalloid or colloid?

Crystalloid

When swab cultures are taken immediately prior to final packaging what culture protocol will be use? a. 7 day 4 media 2 temp b. 14 day 2 media 2 temp c. 14 day 4 media 2 temp d. 7 day 2 media 2 temp

b. 14 day 2 media 2 temp

Who has the ultimate responsibility of determining donor suitability? a. Medical Designee b. Medical Examiner c. Both a and b are Correct d. CEO

a. Medical Designee

Which process does not require bone to be present? a. Osteoinduction b. Osteogenesis c. Hematopoiesis d. Osteoinduction

c. Hematopoiesis

The horizontal plane is a plane that passes thru the body at right angels to the ___ and ___planes. a. Medial and Oblique b. Coronal and Medial c. Coronal and Lateral d. Coronal and Oblique

b. Coronal and Medial

What is assigned to a donor to facilitate tracing of individual grafts to that donor? a. SSN b. Unique Identifier c. Random Number d. Barcode

b. Unique Identifier

An informed consent should include a statement that blood samples from the donor will be tested for certain transmissible diseases? a. False b. True c. It isn't necessary if an OPO gets the consent

b. True

Processing of skin that is to be frozen/cryopreserved shall be initiated within how many days of recovery? a. 7 days b. 2 days c. 10 days d. 20 days

c. 10 days

What is the shelf life for tissue stored at temperature below -40 deg celsius? a. 1yr unless a longer expiration date has been validated b. 5 yrs unless a longer expiration date has been validated c. not applicable d. 20 yrs unless a longer expiration date has been validated

b. 5 yrs unless a longer expiration date has been validated

A patient has a fever elevated white count and positive blood cultures for E.coli according to AATB standards what action should be taken with musculoskeletal tissue? a. Accept Bone Defer Tendons b. Accept but Radiate c. Accept d. Defer

d. Defer

All of the following are advantages of using allograft heart valves except: a. Non-Obstructive Flow b. Catastrophic Failures are Rare c. Anticoagulation Therapy is not Needed d. Supply is Unlimited Compared to Xenographs

d. Supply is Unlimited Compared to Xenographs

Which best describes the flow of blood through the heart? a. Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary artery pulmonary vein left atrium left ventricle b. Left atrium left ventricle pulmonary vein right atrium right ventricle c. Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary vein pulmonary artery left atrium left ventricle. d. Left atrium left ventricle pulmonary artery pulmonary vein right atrium right ventricle

a. Right atrium right ventricle pulmonary artery pulmonary vein left atrium left ventricle

Which of the following is NOT an adequate transport solution characteristic for the recovered heart? a. Isotonic b Cryoprotectant c. Cold d. Sterile

b. Cryoprotectant

Which of the following is not a structural allograft? a. Femoral Cortical Strut b. Iliac Crest Wedge c. Cloward Dowel d. Ground Corticocancellous

d. Ground Corticocancellous

You have consent for skin and musculoskeletal tissue but the donor has rheumatoid arthritis. According to AATB standards is the donor a deferral? a. No skin could be recovered b. Yes musculoskeletal tissue can be recovered c. No musculoskeletal tissue can be recovered d. AATB has no guidance in this tissue

a. No skin could be recovered

During heart valve dissection processed cardiac tissue is placed in antibiotic solution resulting in a ____ graft. a. Viable b. Clean c. Sterilized d. Decontaminated

d. Decontaminated

In anatomical position and direction the term LATERAL refers to something that is a. Farther from the middle of the body than another structure. b. Superficial to another structure c. On the opposite side of the body d. Between two structures

a. Farther from the middle of the body than another structure.

The angel of the dermatome blade to the skin surface during skin recovery is a. 45 degrees b. 30 degrees c. 60 degrees d. 15 degrees

a. 45 degrees

If skin storage media is not changed processing shall be initiated within how many hours of recovery? a. 24hrs b. 72hrs c. 48hrs d. 96hrs

d. 96hrs

According to the Karl Fisher analysis lyophilized allograft tissue may not have a residual moisture exceeding. a. 5% b. 6% c. 8% d. 7%

b. 6%

Cryoprotectant is absorbed by tissue cells thru the process of: a. Infusion b. Osmosis c. Diffusion d. Perforation

b. Osmosis

Cryoprotectants are used for all of the following except: a. To prevent cell shrinkage b. To prevent intercellular ice formation c. To prevent extracellular ice formation d. To minimize osmotic imbalances

c. To prevent extracellular ice formation

AATB standards require that tissue processing be preformed by: a. CTBS technicians b. Staff member with a medical background c. Staff member with sufficient background experienced and training d. Staff member with 2-4 yr degree

c. Staff member with sufficient background experienced and training

Which of the following is used for quality control of gamma irradiation? a. Bacillis subtilis spore strips b. Bacillis pumilus spore strips c. Bacillis cereus spore strips d. Chemical indicator sport strips

b. Bacillis pumilus spore strips

Donors with a history of exposure to or ingestion of toxic substances should be: a. Deferred as a tissue donor b. Accepted as a tissue donor depending on the ID of the substance c. Considered as suitable if the tissue bank specialist adheres to universal precautions d. Evaluated by the medical director for transplant suitability

d. Evaluated by the medical director for transplant suitability

A donor has systemic lupus according to AATB standards which of the following tissues must be deferred? a. Femoral Artery b. Achilles Tendon c. Heart Valves d. Skin

d. Skin

The 2 heart valves most often used in cardiac surgery are the a. Mitral Tricuspid b. Ventricle Atrium c. Pulmonary Aortic d. Bicuspid Mitral

c. Pulmonary Aortic

AATB requirements for serological testing include all of the following except a. HBsAg b. RPR c HIV I&II d. HIV Ag

d. HIV Ag

Which of the following diseases is caused by a spirochete? a. HCV b. Syphilis c. CJD d. HIV

b. Syphilis

What is the name of the incision used for musculoskeletal tissue recovery? a. Harris approach b. McFarland & Osborne approach c. Modified Watson Jones d. Hardinge Approach

c. Modified Watson Jones

All of the following vessels are transected during heart for valve recovery except: a. Left Coronary Artery b. Left Common Carotid c. Brachiocephalic d. Left Subclavian

a. Left Coronary Artery

What was the first established tissue bank? a. University of Florida Tissue Bank b. US Naval Tissue Bank c. University of Miami Tissue Bank d. US FDA Tissue Bank

b. US Naval Tissue Bank

Over what age is an algorithm no longer necessary if there is no bleed and the donor has been infused? a. 10 b. 12 c. 14 d. 8

b. 12

Retrieved musculoskeletal tissue will be wrapped aseptically with at least ___moisture barriers? a. 2 b. 4 c. 3 d. 1

d. 1

AATB states all of the following agents are unacceptable for disinfection of musculoskeletal grafts except: a. Formaldehyde b. Ethanol c. Mercurials d. Chloroform

b. Ethanol

What is the defined time frame for long term tissue storage? a. >18 months b. >6 months c. > 2yrs d. > 12 months

b. >6 months

The largest organ of the human body is? a. Skin b. Heart c. Liver d. Kidney

a. Skin

For cardiovascular tissue total warm time and cold ischemic time shall not exceed how many hours? a. 24hrs b. 48hrs c. 72hrs d. 12hrs

b. 48hrs

What is the upper age limit for cardiovascular tissue? a. 70yrs b. 62yrs c. 60yrs d. no age limit

c. 60yrs

To fill an osseous defect all of the following may be used except: a. Corticocancellous b. DFDBA c. Semitendinosis d. Cancellous

c. Semitendinosis

What is the primary healing mechanism after allograft implantation? a. Osteoclastic Degeneration b. Re-Vascularization c. Osteoblastic Regeneration d. Creeping Substitution

d. Creeping Substitution

Which of the following diseases is probably caused by a prion? a. HTLV-1 b. CJD c. HIV d. Hepatitis C

b. CJD

Which of the following tests are not required by AATB? a. HIV p24 anitgen b. Anti-HTLV-1 c. HIV NAT d. Anti-HIV -1

b. Anti-HTLV-1

Is HIV/NAT testing required by AATB standards? (Y/N)

Yes

The warmest temp allowable for storage of cryopreserved heart valve is a. -100 degrees celsius b. -80 degrees celsius c. -196 degrees celsius d. -40 degrees celsius

a. -100 degrees celsius

You have recovered the heart valves from a 4 month old who died as a result of SIDS. In SIDS cases an autopsy must be performed to determine: a. The Cause of Death b. True Age of Donor c. Time of Death d. None of these

a. The Cause of Death

The prefix of a medical term will usually tell you: a. The Action b. The Condition c. The Part Effected d. The Location

c. The Part Effected

What is the term for cells and/or tissues intended for transplant into another individual of the same species? a. Tissue b. Zenograft c. Autograft d. Allograft

d. Allograft

The technique implementing the use of a unicortical dowel for spinal infusions is referred to as the: a. Cloward Procedure b. Smith-Jones Procedure c. Smith-Barr Procedure d. Patsy Cline Procedure

a. Cloward Procedure

During the dehydration of grafts what is the maximum allowable temp per AATB standards? a. 40 degrees celsius b. 80 degrees celsius c. 20 degrees celsius d. Whatever temperature set by the SOP manual

d. Whatever temperature set by the SOP manual

Which area of the heart carries oxygenated blood? a. Right Atrium b. Aortic Arch c. Right Ventricle d. Pulmonary Artery

b. Aortic Arch

Which type of allograft is not used in the resection of a mandibular tumor? a. Mandible b. DFDBA c. LeFort Wedge d. Rib

c. LeFort Wedge

Musculoskeletal tissue excision must commence within: a. 15hrs if the body was not refrigerated within 8hrs of death b. 24hrs provided body was refrigerated within 12hrs of death c. 24hrs of death d. 36 hrs as long as body was refrigerated within 4 hrs of death

b. 24hrs provided body was refrigerated within 12hrs of death

The maximum residual ETO level in a 100 gram tissue must not exceed a. 10ppm b. 100ppm c. 1000ppm d. 50ppm

b. 100ppm

The layers of the heart from inside to outside are a. Epicardium Pericardium Myocardium b. Myocardium Endocardium Exocardium c. Endocardium Myocardium Epicardium d. Endocardium Myocardium Exocardium

c. Endocardium Myocardium Epicardium

What muscle is transected at the quadriceps tendon during the tissue recovery? a. Vastus Quadralis b. Rectus Femoris c. Iliotibial Band d. Semitendinosis

b. Rectus Femoris

Potential donors who have received pituitary derived human growth hormone should be excluded from tissue donation due to the possibility of transmission of: a. Dwarfism b. Alzheimer's Disease c. Encephalitis d. CJD

c. Encephalitis

Assuring and verifying confidence in the quality of the process used for finished tissue and documenting that the entire process conforms with AATB standards for tissue banking is called: a. Quality Control b. Quality Assurance c. Quali- Temps d. Quality Systems

b. Quality Assurance

During heart for valve recovery which of the following vessels should be left at maximum length? a. Pulmonary Artery b. Pulmonary Vein c. Superior Vena Cava d. Inferior Vena Cava

b. Pulmonary Vein

Quality assurance is required to investigate all adverse outcomes and: a. Employee Complaints of Unfair Treatment b. Employee Complaints Regarding a Client c. Employee Complaints of Sexual Harassment d. Employee Accidents

d. Employee accidents

A potential donor's history includes rheumatoid arthritis that required prolonged systemic steroid use. You should: a. Call the family physician b. Proceed with recovery c. Defer the donation d. Get medical director opinion

c. Defer the donation

In what instance would an elevated WBC count no necessarily indicate an infectious process? a. Long term ventilator assisted breathing b. Head trauma c. Prolonged elevated body temp d. Pneumonia

b. Head trauma

Documentation of a telephone consent with the next of kin must include: a. Recording or monitoring by the requestor and a witness b. Self signed donor document or photocopy c. Telegram documenting next of kin consent d. Signature of next of kin and a witness

a. Recording or monitoring by the requestor and a witness

An agent that kills microorganisms on inanimate objects is: a. A disinfectant b. A bacteriostat c. An antiseptic d. A sterilizer

a. A disinfectant

For what serological test may a confirmatory test be used to override a screening test result? a. RPR b. CMV c. HIV I & II d. HTLV I & II

a. RPR

Examination of the body should look for evidence of which of the following? a. All of these b. Lymph Nodes c. Genital Ulcerative Disease d. Oral Thrush

a. All of these

All of the following allografts can be used for ACL repairs except: a. Patellar Tendon b. Achilles Tendon c. Semitendinosus d. Round Ligament

d. Round Ligament

For tissue less than 10 grams in size the acceptable residual level of ETO in parts per million is: a. 250 b. 5000 c. 25 d. 100

a. 250

The lateral malleolus is part of which bone? a. Fibula b. Distal Femur c. Metatarsal d. Tibia

a. Fibula

There are ___ bones in the human body a. 406 b. 306 c. 206 d. 106

c. 206

The cruciate ligament attaches which two bones? a. femur tibia b. humerus radius c. tibia fibula d. femur acetabulum

Femur and Tibia

Microbiology procedures NOT required by AATB standards are: a. Pre-Disinfection Cultures b. Environmental Cultures c. Procurement Cultures d. Pre-Packaging Cultures

a. Pre-Disinfection Cultures

What does the term ' window period' mean in reference to testing for an infectious disease? a. The time of the first immunoglobulin response b. The time of infection with the virus c. The amount of viral load detected d. The time from infection to a detectable level

d. The time from infection to a detectable level

According to AATB standards refrigerated skin can be stored: a. At 10 degrees celsius for 12 days b. At 14 degrees celsius for 10 days c. At 8 degrees celsius for 16 days d. At 12 degrees celsius for 14 days

d. At 12 degrees celsius for 14 days

If a chart review of potential donor who has expired from a gun shot wound to the head reveals a WBC count of 31 000 you should: a. Take note of the results and report them to the medical director b. Decline the donation the high WBC indicated infection c. Take note of the WBC count and decline the donation unless the tissue is urgently needed d. Ignore this value since this is often seen in head injuries

d. Ignore this value since this is often seen in head injuries

According to AATB standards monetary compensation of a donor may be given when: a. Incentives will influence loved ones to donate b. Donor families need funds for burial expenses c. A donor's estate request it d. Living donors incur costs for their donation

d. Living donors incur costs for their donation

A donor was last seen by spouse at 6pm phoned home at 7pm flushed toilet at 8pm was found asystolic by ambulance staff and pronounced at 11pm. What time is used for last know alive? a. 11pm b. 8pm c. 6pm d. 7pm

b. 8pm

There are approximately ___cubic centimeters in one fluid ounce a. 16 b. 36 c. 12 d. 30

d. 30

At what temp should frozen musculoskeletal tissue be stored for >6months? a. -20 degrees celsius or colder b. -40 celsius or colder c. -60 degrees celsius or colder d. -10 degrees celsius or colder

b. -40 celsius or colder

AATB standards require that donor retrieval processing storage and distribution records be maintained ___after last tissue is distributed a. 5 yrs b. 7 yrs c. Indefinitely d. 10yrs

d. 10yrs

According to the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act the order of priority of family members who are considered legal next of kin is: a. Parents Spouse Siblings Guardian b. Spouse Children Parents Guardian c. Spouse Guardian Siblings Parents d. Children Parents Siblings Spouse

b. Spouse Children Parents Guardian

Which of the following is not an automatic deferral? a. Repeat reactive HBsAg b. Repeat reactive anti-HTLV-1 c. Repeat reactive RPR d. Repeat reactive anti-HIV-1

c. Repeat reactive RPR

According to AATB standards which of the following is NOT required? a. An adverse reaction file b. Tissue retrieval within 12hrs of asystole c. Donor and recipient confidentiality d. Records documenting facility and equipment monitoring

c. Donor and recipient confidentiality

A patient receives one tablespoon and 2 tsp of medicine. How many cc's were administered? a. 20 b. 25 c. 15 d. 30

b. 25

In what year was the AATB established? a. 1976 b. 1986 c. 1996 d. 1979

a. 1976

Most allografts that failed to transmit disease in the Simonds study were? a. Osmolized b. Freeze dried c. Characterized by having all cellular elements removed d. Demineralized

d. Demineralized

Which of the following results in automatic deferral? a. Repeat reactive anti-HIV-1 b. Repeat reactive HBsAg c. Initially reactive anti-HTLV-1 d. Confirmed positive syphilis

All these are correct: a. Repeat reactive anti-HIV-1 b. Repeat reactive HBsAg c. Initially reactive anti-HTLV-1

When preserving grafts by controlled rate freezing which of the following must be closely monitored? a. Temperature change over time b. Time at which -40 degrees celsius is reached c. Latent heat of fusion d. Package integrity

c. Latent heat of fusion

Which of the following allograft types is not used in total hip revision? a. Femoral Head b. Distal Femur c. Proximal Osteoarticular d. Proximal Head

c. Proximal Osteoarticular

AATB allows for the release of tissue without complete tissue results. In such circumstances all of the following documentation is required except: a. End user waiver form b. Medical director release c. Documented clinical need d. Recipient approval

c. Documented clinical need

What procurement technique best reduces the risk of transport bio-burden (transporting microorganisms with the heart)? a. Keeping the heart at required temp after recovery b. Surgical hand scrub c. Thorough rinsing of the heart with sterile solution d. Shortened transport time

c. Thorough rinsing of the heart with sterile solution

Donor suitability records for dura mater donors shall be retained for what period of time? a. Indefinitely b. Not a requirement c. 1 yr d. 5 yrs

a. Indefinitely

Bone resulting from the use of demineralized human graft materials probably forms by: a. Autogenesis b. Guided tissue regeneration c. Endochondral formation d. Intramembranous formation

b. Guided Tissue regeneration

Which of the following statements about disease transmission is false? a. Heart valves commonly transmit bacterial infection b. Corneas can transmit CJD c. Tuberculosis infection from transplanted kidneys is an emerging problem d. Corneas are poor transmitters of microorganisms

c. Tuberculosis infection from transplanted kidneys is an emerging problem

Skin and musculoskeletal recovery shall commence within how many hours of asystole if the body was not refrigerated: a. 8hrs b. 4hrs c. 15hrs d. 12hrs

c. 15hrs

On what date did the GTPs go into effect? a. May 25 2204 b. May 14 2004 c. May 14 2005 d. May 25 2005

d. May 25 2005

If a donor is in the prone position is the donor face up or face down?

Face down

According to AATB standards how often must a comprehensive internal audit be done? a. Quarterly b. Annually c. Monthly d. Semi-annually

b. Annually

The Ross procedures uses pulmonary heart valve allografts to replace: a. The mitral valve which is then used to replace the semilunar valve b. The aortic valve which is then used to replace the pulmonary valve c. The tricuspid valve which is then used to replace the mitral valve d. The pulmonary valve which is then used to replace the aortic valve

d. The pulmonary valve which is then used to replace the aortic valve

Which of the following blood cells produced in the trabecular area of long bone is responsible for fighting infection? a. Red blood cells b. White blood cells c. Platelets d. Macrophages

b. White blood cells

Which of the following is not a deferral criteria for cardiovascular tissue? a. Bacterial Endocarditis b. Diabetes Mellitus c. Rheumatic Fever d. Idiopathic Cardiomyopathy

b. Diabetes Mellitus

Which of the following is the site of growth in long bones? a. Diaphyis b. Metaphysis c. Epiphysis d. Periosteum

c. Epiphysis

What year did the FDA issue the interim rule for human tissue for transplantation? a. 1987 b. 1993 c. 1986 d. 1992

b. 1993

At what age is a hemodilution algorithm required if the donor has been transfused or infused at all? a. 15yrs b. 10yrs c. 14yrs d. 16yrs

b. 10yrs

During aseptic recovery a long bone tissue involved in an open fracture: a. May be recovered if the bone is soaked in antibiotics b. May be recovered if normal cryopreservation techniques are used c. May never be recovered d. May be recovered if it has been submerged in alcohol for 10min prior to wrapping

c. May never be recovered

Refrigerated MS tissue must be retrieved aseptically and placed in an isotonic or nutrient medium with suitable antibiotics at no more than: a. 15 degrees C b. 20 degrees C c. 25 degrees C d. 10 degrees C

d. 10 deg C

Age limits for MS tissue donation are determined by: a. The requesting physician b. The donor family c. The medical director d. The medical history of the donor

c. The medical director

The major weight baring bone between the ankle and the knee is the: a. Tarsus b. Fibula c. Femur d. Tibia

d. Tibia

Bone resulting from the use of demineralized human graft materials probably forms by: a. Endochondral Formation b. Guided Tissue Regeneration c. Intramembranous Formation d. Autogenesis

b. Guided Tissue Regeneration

Which of the following cells is the most prevalent in the remodeling of bone: a. Osteoclasts b. Osteocytes c. Mesenchymal Cells d. Osteoblasts

d. Osteoblasts

Massive intercalary allografts are used primarily for: a. Bone Induction Process b. Structural Support in Long Bones c. Placing in Infected Wounds d. Grinding into Chips for Filling Defects

b. Structural Support in Long Bones

Retrieved MS tissue must be wrapped in an aseptic fashion with at least ___moisture barriers a. 3 b. 2 c. 1 d. 4

b. 2

MS tissue excision must begin within: a. 36hrs of systole if body was refrigerated within 4hrs of asystole b. 24hrs of systole c. 15hrs of systole if body was refrigerated within 8hrs of asystole d. 24hrs of asystole if the body was refrigerated within 12 hours of systole

d. 24hrs of asystole if the body was refrigerated within 12 hrs of systole

When recovering patellar tendons to be used in anterior cruciate reconstruction: a. Sufficient bone should be left on the tibial insertion of the tendon to allow for bony fixation b. The bone should be removed from the tibial insertion of the tendon c. The tendon should be split into fourths d. The patella should be completely removed from the tendon

a. Sufficient bone should be left on the tibial insertion of the tendon to allow for bony fixation

The lesser trochanter is a landmark on the: a. Femur b. Humerus c. Ulna d. Tibia

a. Femur

When recovering the femur the incision should begin: a. Anteriorly over the patellar tendon b. At the anterior-superior iliac spine c. At the lateral aspect of the femur d. At the greater trochanter

b. At the anterior-superior iliac spine

Osteochondral allograft refers to bone that has been treated primarily to cryopreserve the: a. Haversion System b. Cartilate of Articular Surfaces c. Cortical Bone Matrix d. Bone Morphogenic Proteins

c. Cortical Bone Matrix

If any additional processing of refrigerated MS tissue is necessary the total wet ice/refrig time must not exceed ___ from time of retrieval a. 5 days b. 72hrs c. 24hrs d. 4 days

b. 72hrs

If the donor body has not been refrigerated tissue excision must begin within____hrs of asystole a. 15 b. 24 c. 12 d. 10

a. 15

Skin should be procured to depth of: a. 6-11 thousands of an inch b. 19-35 thousands of an inch c. 1-5 thousands of an inch d. 12-18 thousands of an inch

d. 12-18 thousands of an inch

Which of the following medications could possibly mask an infection process and may contribute to thin brittle skin? a. Antihypertensive b. Topical lotions containing para amino benzoic acid c. Long term high dosages corticosteroids d. Anti-depressants

c. Long term high dosages corticosteroids

When skin grafts are removed the use of tissue culture media such as RPMI or DMEM is: a. Selected because they contain a pH indicator not present in normal saline b. Because of the nutrient support it provides to the skin cells c. Due to the unique dilutent properties they possess with glycerol for freezing d. Because of nutrient support for the stratum corneum

b. Because of the nutrient support it provides to the skin cells

In order to maintain optimal cellular viability skin grafts may be maintained prior to freezing: a. In sterile water b. In tissue culture media at 1 degree C to 10 degrees C c. At 25 degrees C d. Indefinitely at 4 degrees C

b. In tissue culture media at 1 degree C to 10 degrees C

While shaving the donor for skin recovery the technician: a. Must shave only if the donor is very hairy b. Should shave carefully to remove all hair that may trap bacteria or debris in the graft area. c. Should use only an electric razor to avoid nicks in the skin. d. Need not be concerned about nicks as they will be removed during processing

b. Should shave carefully to remove all hair that may trap bacteria or debris in the graft area.

Following skin recovery the tissue: a. Should be maintained at -40 degrees C until placed in liquid nitrogen. b. Must be placed into cryopreservation media immediately to prevent cellular damage c. Must be immediately placed into sterile solution d. Should be soaked in antibiotic solution

c. Must be immediately placed into sterile solution

Split thickness allograft skin may be used for all of the following EXCEPT: a. Testing the suitability of the wound bed for autografting b. Permanent coverage of small full thickness wounds. c. Overlay of widely meshed skin d. Temporary coverage of excised wounds

b. Permanent coverage of small full thickness wounds.

Which of the following statements regarding rewarming of skin is NOT true? a. A major goal is the maintenance of tissue viability b. The temp of the rewarming bath should be 10-37 deg c. It should be removed from it's package prior to rewarming d. Significant structural damage can occur during rewarming

c. It should be removed from it's package prior to rewarming

Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding shipment of skin to the processing center: a. The volume of transport solution must completely cover skin b. The courier needs to be certified c. The skin transportation container must be transported at wet ice temp d. The skin transportation container must be fluid tight

b. The courier needs to be certified

Processing of skin that is to be frozen/cryopreserved must be initiated within ___days of retrieval provided the skin is placed in tissue storage media which is replaced every ____hrs. a. 5 days/48hrs b. 10 days/72 hrs c. 15 days/24 hrs d. 3 days/24 hrs

b. 10 days/72 hrs

The physical examination of the donor must include a documented assessment of factors that may affect the quality and quantity of skin retrieved: a. On every donor b. Only if the family requests it c. Only if you don't feel like recovering skin d. Only when there is obvious trauma to skin

a. On every donor

Frozen or cryopreserved skin must be stored at temp of ____or cooler a. -20 degrees C b. -10 degrees C c. -5 degrees C d. -40 degrees C

d. -40 degrees C

Skin may be stored refrigerated for no longer than ___days a. 12 b. 5 c. 10 d. 14

d. 14

The stratum corneum stratum lucidum and stratum granulosum are all found in what layer of the skin? a. Dermis b. Epidermis c. Sweat Gland d. Fascia

b. Epidermis

An exceptional release of the skin requires written approval of the: a. President/CEO b. Donor Family c. Trained Requestor d. Medical Director

d. Medical Director

Skin damaged by scraping or rubbing: a. Bruise b. Cut c. Abrasion d. Avulsion

c. Abrasion

Small dark sometimes raised congenital growth on the human skin sometimes with a hair or hairs growing from it: a. Wart b. Mole Nevus c. Pimple d. Birthmark

b. Mole Nevus

A swelling on the skin that contains fluid: a. Contusion b. Nevus c. Mole d. Blister

d. Blister

On average adult skin covers ____square feet a. 40 b. 19 c. 20 d. 15

b. 19

Cold ischemic time for vascular tissue is defined as: a. The time interval from systole to subjecting cardiac tissue to cold rinse (or transport) solution at retrieval b. The time interval from subjecting vascular tissue to transport solution and wet ice temp at retrieval to the beginning of disinfection c. The time interval from systole to subjecting vascular tissue to transport solution and wet ice temp at retrieval. d. The time interval from subjecting cardiac tissue to cold rinse (or transport) solution at retrieval to the beginning of disinfection

d. The time interval from subjecting cardiac tissue to cold rinse (or transport) solution at the retrieval to the beginning of disinfection

Which of the following are NOT considered to be pathogenic highly virulent microorganisms that result in skeletal tissue discard: a. Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar b. Staphylococcus Aureus c. Enterococcus Sp d. Gram Negative Bacillis e. Strepococcus Pyogenes f. Fungi (Yeast/Molds)

a. Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar

To prevent additional warm ischemia and potential cellular or matrix damage caused by temp cycling methods shall be employed that maintain the tissue or solutions above 1-10 deg for longer than: a. 24hrs b. 2 hrs c. 1hr d. 48hrs

b. 2 hrs

Residual moisture analysis shall not exceed ___% of initial weight by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry: a. 8% b. 6% c. 2% d. 10%

a. 8%

What is the storage conditions temp for commonly transplanted human tissue: cardiac and vascular: a. 1-10 degrees C b. -100 degrees C c. 10-10 degrees C d. -20to 4-10 degrees C

b. -100 degrees C

Processing which includes dissection and packaging of cardiac and vascular tissue shall be preformed in a certified and qualified Class ___( or cleaner) laminar flow: a. 1000 b. 500 c. 100 d. 200

c. 100

To prevent additional warm ischemia and potential cellular or matrix damage caused by temp cycling methods shall be employed that maintain the tissue and solutions: a. 1-40 degrees C b.1-10 degrees C c. -1- -5 degrees C d. 5 -10 degrees C

b.1-10 degrees C

Reagents shall be stored in accordance with AATB and FDA instructions (T/F)

TRUE

Allograft heart valve grafts shall be inspected evaluated and sized by internal valve annulus diameter and recorded in ___ a. Inches b. Centimeters (cm) c. Millimeters (mm) d. Not Applicable

c. Millimeters (mm)

Processing of exposed skin shall be performed in a bacteriological and laminar flow environment (T/F)

TRUE

Cardiac and vascular tissue processing shall include an antibiotic disinfection period followed by what 3 activities? a. Recovery b. Irradiation c. Packaging d. Preservation e. Sterilization f. Storage g. Rinsing

c. Packaging d. Preservation and f. Storage

Warm ischemic time for cardiac tissue is defined as: a. The time interval from subjecting vascular tissue to transport solution and wet ice temp at retrieval to the beginning of disinfection b. The time interval from subjecting cardiac tissue to cold rinse (or transport) solution at retrieval to the beginning of disinfection c. The time interval from asystole to subjecting cardiac tissue to cold rinse (or transport) solution at retrieval d. The time interval from asystole to subjecting vascular tissue to transport solution and wet ice temp at retrieval

c. The time interval from asystole to subjecting cardiac tissue to cold rinse (or transport) solution at retrieval

The total ischemic time shall not exceed ____hrs of cardiac and vascular a. 24 b. 48 c. 12 d. 72

a. 24

Vascular grafts shall be inspected evaluated and sized by diameter and recorded in ____. a. Millimeters (mm) b. Not Applicable c. Centimeters (cm) d. Inches

c. Centimeters (cm)

The processing of osteoarticular tissue shall be completed within ___ days of recovery a. 3 days b. 5 days c. 10 days d. 14 days

b. 5 days

What are the acceptable residual levels of ethylene oxide for medium sterilized bone grafts? a. 100 b. 25 c. 250 d. 2 500

a. 100

Musculoskeletal tissue shall be processed in a bacteriological and climate controlled environment (T/F)

TRUE

What are the acceptable residual levels of ethylene glycol for small bone grafts? a. 2 500 b. 100 c. 250 d. 25

a. 2 500

The most common sources of radiation are: a. Cobalt 60 b. Bio-cleanse c. X-ray d. Cobalt 40 e. Tutoplast f. Electro Beam

a. Cobalt 60 c. X-ray f. Electro Beam

The length of the aortic conduit main pulmonary artery and right and left pulmonary artery remnants shall be recorded in centimeters (cm) as measured along the inferior (T/F)

TRUE

How long can skin be stored at refrigerated temp? a. No longer than 24 hrs b. No longer than 7 days c. No longer than 14 days d. No longer than 5 days

c. No longer than 14 days

The presence of wet ice or a transport solution temp range of ___to ___ degrees C shall be documented prior to acceptance of cardiac tissue a. 5 10 b. 1 10 c. 5 40 d. 10 40

b. 1 10

Residual moisture analysis shall not exceed ____% of initial weight by gravimetric or Karl Fischer analysis: a. 8% b. 6% c. 10% d. 4%

b. 6%

Which of the following are considered to be pathogenic highly virulent mircroorganisims that result result in cardiac and vascular tissue discard: a. Clostridium b. Gram Negative Bacilli c. Enterococcus Sp d. Streptococcus Pyogenes e. Staphylococcus Aureus f. Fungi (Yeast/Mold)

a. Clostridium b. Gram Negative Bacilli f. Fungi (Yeast/Mold)

Warm ischemic time for vascular tissue is defined as: a. The time interval from subjecting cardiac tissue to cold rinse or transport solution at retrieval to the beginning of disinfection b. The time interval from subjecting vascular tissue to transport solution and wet ice temp at retrieval to the beginning of disinfection c. The time interval asystole to subjecting cardiac tissue to cold rinse or transport solution at retrieval d. The time interval from asystole to subjecting vascular tissue to transport solution and wet ice temp at retrieval

d. The time interval from asystole to subjecting vascular tissue to transport solution and wet ice temp at retrieval

According to AATB standards a cardiovascular quality assurance program needs to ensure that the microbiologic growth media used in the processing of CV cultures can support the growth of all of the following types of organisms EXCEPT: a. Anaerobic b. Fungus c. Acid Fast Bacillis d. Aerobic

c. Acid Fast Bacillis

Regarding heart valve when must info such as temp condition of transport device and date/time of movement into storage at the processing facility be documented? a. Immediately upon retrieval of the heart b. Prior to transport of the heart to the processing facility c. Upon receipt of the heart at the processing facility d. Immediately following cryopreservation of the valves

d. Immediately following cryopreservation of the valves

Name the 2 properties required for the solution used for rinsing and packaging the procured heart for valves: a. Isotonic Sterile b. Hypertonic Cold c. Hypotonic Sterile d. Sterile Colloid

a. Isotonic Sterile

In which of the following is the length of procured vessel crucial for future clinical conduit utilization? a. Superior Vena Cava b. Pulmonary Veins c. Inferior Vena Cava d. Pulmonary Arteries

d. Pulmonary Arteries

To prevent possible cellular tissue and matrix degeneration CV tissue should be kept __ and between ___at all times during the dissection process: a. Aseptic and 0 degrees C to 10 degrees C b. Sterile and 0 degrees C to 11 degrees C c. Moist and 1 degrees C to 10 degrees C d. Cyopreserved and 1 degrees C to 10 degrees C

c. Moist and 1 degrees C to 10 degrees C

Which of the following is NOT required documentation concerning the heart transport/packaging solution? a. Solution Expiration Date b. Solution Lot Number c. Volume of Solution in the Package d. Type of Solution

c. Volume of Solution in the Package

According to AATB standards the minimum recommended weight for heart valve donors is: a. 6 lbs b. 5 lbs c. 7 lbs d. 4 lbs

a. 6 lbs

If the donor has been maintained in a cold refrigerated environment the maximum warm ischemic time is: a. 24 hrs b. 10 hrs c. 12 hrs d. 4 hrs

a. 24 hrs

The maximum allowable total ischemic time for a heart valve donor who has been maintained at room temp prior to heart recovery is: a. 24hrs b. 12hrs c. 39hrs d. 48hrs

c. 39hrs

Package inserts for cardiovascular tissue will contain all of the following EXCEPT: a. Donor heart warm ischemic time b. Date of dissection or cryopreservation c. Donor heart cold ischemic time d. Donor heart total ischemic time

a. Donor heart warm ischemic time

When procuring a heart for valve use it is important to maximize the best aortic conduit length by transecting the arch distal to the: a. Superior vena cava b. Brachiocephalic artery c. Left common carotid artery d. Left subclavian artery

d. Left subclavian artery

All of the following criteria regarding the post retrieval packaging and transport of cardiovascular tissue must be EXCEPT: a. The donor ID# and type of tissue enclosed must be clearly visible on the transport container b. The transport container must be fluid tight and allow for aseptic delivery if the tissue to the processing center c. The transport receptacle must indicate that human tissue is enclosed d. The transport solution must be of sufficient quantity to keep the tissue moist during transport

a. The donor ID# and type of tissue enclosed must be clearly visible on the transport container

All hearts procured for valve donation must be placed in antibiotic disinfection media prior to cryopreservation within ___ hrs before asystole a. 24 b. 12 c. 48 d. 6

c. 48hrs

Packaging of cardiovascular tissue must be performed in a certified and qualified ____of cleaner laminar flow environment a. Class 100 b. Class 1000 c. Class 74 d. Class 10

a. Class 100

How quickly must an organization involved in collection and processing be notified of positive test results? a. Within 1 hr of receiving the results b. Within 30 days of receiving the results c. Within 1 working day of receiving the results d. Within 5 working days of receiving the results

c. Within 1 working day of receiving the results

If a donor has systemic lupus according to AATB standards which of the following tissues must be deferred? a. Achilles Tendon b. Skin c. Femoral Artery d. Heart Valves

a. Achilles Tendon

When approximately is allograft skin debrided and reapplied to a burn site? a. 2 weeks b. 1 week c. 3 days d. never

a. 2 weeks

What year did the FDA issue the Interim Final Rule for Human Tissue? a. 1993 b. 1997 c. 1995 d. 2001

b. 1997

The minimal weight for a cardiovascular donor is generally: a. 1 lb b. 6 lbs c. 10 lbs d. Determined by the Medical Examiner

b. 6 lbs

Split thickness skin is generally recovered at what thickness? a. .012 to .018 inches b. .018 to .035 inches c. Determined by program SOP d. None of the above

a. .012 to .018 inches

Techniques for preserving musculoskeletal tissue include: a. Lyophilization b. Dehydration c. Freezing d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Serological testing on a potential cadaver donor reveals a reactive anti-HIV2 antibody screening test. The screening test is positive on repeat testing but the confirmatory test is negative. What happens to the tissue? a. May be used; confirmatory test is negative b. May be used; HIV antibody is not a required test c. May not be used; discrepant results obtained d. May not be used; results of confirmatory test can't override multiple positive screening test.

d. Repeated positives from cadaver or living donor on screening for HIV 2 antibody may not be used regardless of negative on confirmatory testing.

If there is a compound fracture at approximately the location of the lesser trochanter which bone will be affected? a. Tibia b. Fibula c. Femur d. Ulna

c. Femur

What is the insertion site for the patella ligament? a. Gerdy's tubercle b. Tibio-fibular tubercle c. Tibial tubercle d. Patella

c. Tibial tubercle

How many 3' x 8' pieces of skin are required to make one square foot? a. 4 b. 6 c. 8 d. 10

b. 6

Which is not a sterilizing agent/process? a. Irradiation b. Autoclave c. Ethylene oxide d. Glutaraldehyde

d. Glutaraldehyde

Which of the following would not allow for the donation of cardiovascular tissues? a. Bacterial endocarditis b. Hypertension c. Irregular heart beat d. Hepatitis A

a. Bacterial endocarditis Heart donors shall have no history of bacterial endocarditis rheumatic fever or semilunar valvular disease or cardiomyopathy of viral of idiopathic etiology.

Which of the following is not a part of the minimum serological blood test required by AATB standards? a. HIV 1 and 2 b. West Nile Antibody c. RPR d. HTLV-1

d. HTLV 1-2 is not required however the hepatitis b surface antigen (HbsAg) test is required along with HbcAb (hepatitis b core antibody) RPR and tests for antibodies to HIV 1-2 and HCV.

How long should archived samples be retained for after the recovery or collection date? a. 4 years b. 6 years c. 10 years d. 12 years

c. Archived samples shall be retained for 10 years after recovery or collection date. If a donor is determined to be unsuitable archived serum plasma or hematopoietic tissue samples should still be retained for use for possible unforeseen future investigational purposes.

What abbreviation stands for a common cryopreserved orthoaedic allograft? a. SK b. DMSO c. OA d. HV

c. OA - Osteoarticular Graft.

Which serological tests below are not required on surgical banked tissue? a. Anti-HBc b. HTLlV-I c. HCV d. Hepatitis A

d. Hepatitis A is not on the list.

Tissue storage dating (expiration date) begins at? a. Initial processing b. Final culture results completed c. Release date from quarantine d. Each reprocessing date

a. Initial processing. Maximum is 5 years unless validated for longer.

Allograft tissue may not be released if evidence of the following disease processes is detected except? a. Septicemia b. Active tuberculosis c. Diabetes d. Systemic viral disease

c. Diabetes is not on the exclusion list

Donor age criteria for tissue is up to _____ years of age. a. 60 b. 75 for males 65 for females c. 75 d. There is no set age criteria

d. There is no set age criteria

The Governing Body of a tissue bank may consist of all of these except? a. Medical Advisory Committee b. Board of Trustees c. Board of Directors d. Board of Governors

a. Medical Advisory Committee does not have a definition in the standards.

Freeze-dried tissue under vacuum has a shelf life of? a. Undetermined b. Indefinite c. 5 years d. 10 years

c. 5 years is the maximum shelf life for freeze-dried tissue unless validated for longer.

What are common sources of ionizing irradiation for tissue sterilization? a. X-ray b. Heat c. Cobalt 60 d. Electron beam

b. Heat is not a form of irradiation sterilization.

Universal Precautions as defined by OSHA will be implemented and enforced to reduce the risk of exposure to infectious disease. True or False?

False. Universal Precautions were originally defined by the CDC (not FDA) and the guidelines have been adopted.

Information involving recalls include all of the following but? a. Final disposition of tissue b. Notification of donor legal next of kin c. Steps taken to retrieve recalled tissue d. Corrective actions recommended and implemented

b. Notification of donor legal next of kin is not on the list of recall requirements.

The time interval between cardiac asystole and placement of tissues in antibiotic solution is known as the? a. Cold ischemic time b. Disinfection time c. Total ischemic time d. Warm ischemic time

c. Total Ischemic Time

Uniform Anatomical Gift Act of 1968 provided for? a. Legality of donation b. Brain death standardization c. Financial assistance for recovery programs d. Established waiting lists for organs

a. Legality of Donation. Legality of donation was established with the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act of 1968.

Routine Inquiry legislation in 1985 established that routine inquiry and request for donation take place for all deaths at hospitals. True or False?

True Routine Inquire legislation in 1985 established that routine inquiry and request for donation take place for all deaths at hospitals.

Before 1978 death for a patient was essentially only when the heart stopped beating. True or False?

True Before 1978 death for a patient was essentially only when the heart stopped beating.

A heart valve or vein that is run as a control during the controlled-rate freezing of grafts is known as? a. Destructive b. Sample c. Surrogate d. Control

c. Surrogate

Advantages of allograft heart valves over xenograft valves include all but? a. No need for anticoagulants (blood thinners) b. Prolonged durability c. Availability d. Resistant to bacterial endocarditis

c. Availability Xenografts are more readily available than allografts.

All allograft heart valves must be processed in Class ___ environment or better with final packaging taking place in Class ____ environment or better. a. 100 100 b. 100 1000 c. 100 10 d. 1000 10

a. 100 100 Cardio Vascular (CV) processing must be done in class 100 or better and packaging must be done in class 100 or cleaner.

At the time of valve dissection processed cardiac tissues are placed in an antibiotic solution. This method will result in a ____allograft heart valve. a. Disinfected b. Sterilized c. Pasteurized d. Clean

a. Disinfected

Early data suggested that cryopreservation of cardiac allografts produced valve replacement that were superior to porcine (pig) valves and mechanical valves in terms of freedom from ____ and ____. a. Dysfunction noise b. Re-operation infection c. Degeneration high cost d. Lactated ringers

b. Re-operation infection Early data from Cryopreservation of cardiac allografts produced valve replacements that were superior to porcine valves and mechanical valves in terms of re-operation and infection.

Optimal freezing rate for allograft heart valves is? a. 1C/Sec. b. 1C/Min c. 5C/Sec. d. 5C/Min

b. 1C/Min The optimal freezing rate for allograft heart valves is 1C/ Min.

Tissue shall be procured within 24 hours if the donor is placed in a refrigerated room within ___hours of death. a. 4 b. 8 c. 12 d. 15

c. 12 hours

What is the intention of Recovery? a. Human transplantation b. Therapy c. Research/education d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which gloving technique is the most aseptic? a. Open b. Closed c. Assisted d. Gown before glove

b. Closed

What is the weight bearing bone form the knee to the ankle? a. Fibula b. Tibia c. Femur d. Humerus

b. Tibia

Donor records must be formatted using all of the follwing except? a. Legible b. Indelible c. Accurate d. Black ink

d. Black ink

An autopsy is required on all skin donors True or False?

FALSE

A 55 year old woman is a potential donor. Her medical record states she had a past history of hypertension and breast cancer. Can this donor be accepted? a. No because of history of breast cancer b. No because of history of hypertension c. Yes unconditionally as is past history d. Must be evaluated by Medical Director for individual tissue bank SOPM

d. Must be evaluated by Medical Director for individual tissue bank SOPM

What is the maximum warm ischemic time when the body is kept at room temperature? a. 48 hours b. 12 hours c. 15 hours d. 24 hours

c. 15 hours

CBC with differential is important to detect a. Carcinoma b. Septicemia c. Hepatitis d. Australian Ag

b. Septicemia

A child who is less than 12 years of age was admitted to the hospital. There was no blood sample taken upon arrival. The child cannot be considered as a donor without using an algorithm if: a. They have received a transfusion of 2000ml of colloids within the last hour b. They have received a transfusion of 1000 ml of crystalloids within the last hour c. They have received an infusion of 1000ml of blood within the last hour d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following retrieved tissue shall be wrapped in an aseptic fashion with at least one moisture barrier? a. Heart b. Skin c. Femur d. None of the above

c. Femur

Which of the following shall be processed in a class 100 environment or cleaner? a. Skin b. Cardiovascular c. Autologous d. Musculoskeletal

b. Cardiovascular

All instruments used in the processing of musculoskeletal tissue shall be: a. Sterile b. Cleaned & Disinfected between donors c. Discarded after use d. A & B

d. A & B

Personnel involved in the retrieval processing preservation or packaging of tissue shall wear attire that includes personal protective devices to minimize the spread of transmissible pathogens among and between: a. Donors b. Tissue c. Staff d. All of the above

d. All of the above

A reported or suspected adverse outcome of tissue transplantation shall be: a. Investigated thoroughly b. Reviewed by the Medical Director c. A & B d. Maintained with calibration records.

c. A & B

Hair shall be removed from a donor for the retrieval of which tissue? a. Skin b. Heart valves c. Musculoskeletal d. All of the above

d. All of the above

The saphenous vein is recovered from the: a. Leg b. Heart c. Arm d. Chest

a. Leg

What is one of the clinical applications of the saphenous vein. a. Coronary bypass b. Facial surgery c. Reconstruction for burn victims d. Repair of damaged heart tissue

a. Coronary bypass

A physical examination shall be performed on: a. A donor for cardiovascular tissue only b. A donor for musculoskeletal tissue only c. A donor for skin only d. All donors

d. All donors

The transport package label shall include all of the following except: a. Name address and telephone number of the distribution facility b. Identification of contents as human tissue c. Special handling instructions d. Warnings of possible significant adverse reactions

d. Warnings of possible significant adverse reactions

Which of the following is not an item on the list of 12 recovery site suitability items? a. Lighting b. Size/Shape c. Cleanliness d. Temperature of the room must be monitored.

d. Temperature of the room must be monitored.

Musculoskeletal tissue shall be sterilized or disinfected by one of the following except: a. Irradiation b. Ethylene oxide c. Formaldehyde d. UV radiation

c. Formaldehyde

Dehydrated tissue requires a residual moisture test: a. Only when requested by the surgeon b. By gravimetric methods or NMR c. To be less than 10% d. To be less than 5%

b. By gravimetric methods or NMR

What are the layers of the skin and the correct order? a. Dermis Epidermis Subdermis b. Dermis Subdermis Epidermis c. Epidermis Dermis d. Epidermis Dermis Subdermis

c. Epidermis Dermis The skin is made of two layers the outer is the epidermis and the inner layer is the dermis.

What are the different kinds of bone? a. Cancellous & Periosteum b. Cancellous & spongy c. Cortical & compact d. Cortical & cancellous

d. Cortical & cancellous

Where does the femur articulate with the pelvis? a. Acetabulum b. Tibial plateau c. Scapula d. Greater trochanter

a. Acetabulum Acetabulum is the cup shaped socket into which the femur head fits when articulated with the pelvis.

A 22-year-old male is referred to a recovery agency. The cause of death was suicide by hanging. In which of the following circumstances found during a physical examination would the tissue be rejected: a. A new tattoo upon closer exam found to be covering needle tracks b. Oral thrush c. Autopsy performed in an infectious disease control room d. All of the above

d. All of the above

In which situation would the tissue from a donor not be rejected? a. Known exposure of the donor within the last 12 months to HIV b. Documented diagnosis of Hepatitis A c. Current diagnosis of Hepatitis B d. Donor known to have received transplant of human dura mater.

b. Documented diagnosis of Hepatitis A

Processing and preservation records shall include the following except: a. Tissue measurements b. Final disposition of each tissue retrieved and/or processed c. Expiration dates d. Statement that indicates that the tissue may transmit infectious agents

d. Statement that indicates that the tissue may transmit infectious agents

Human tissue shall be quarantined until the following criteria are satisfied: a. Infectious disease testing completed b. Donor screening indicates freedom from risk factors c. Donor infectious disease tests are negative d. All of the above e. B & C

d. All of the above

Laboratory test records shall include all of the following except: a. Tissue identification number b. Identification of person performing the test c. Type of tissue being tested d. Test date

c. Type of tissue being tested

Processing and preservation records shall include the following except: a. Identification of technicians processing and preserving the tissue b. Expiration dates of the tissue c. Type lot number manufacturer and expiration date of supplies & reagents used d. None of the above.

d. None of the above.

Allograft heart valves shall be sized by the ______diameter in mm. a. Internal valve b. External valve c. Internal valve annulus d. External valve annulus

c. Internal valve annulus

The length of the aortic conduit shall be measured along the ______midline in cm. a. Posterior b. Anterior c. Lateral d. Medial

b. Anterior

Processing of skin that is to be frozen shall be initiated within ____days of retrieval provided the skin is placed in tissue storage media which is replaced at least every___hours. a. 14 96 b. 14 72 c. 10 96 d. 10 72

d. 10 72

What is the maximum temperature for dehydration. a. 50 C b. 100 C c. Shall be established by facility d. 75 C

c. Shall be established by facility

Each lyophilization cycle shall be monitored for: a. Shelf temperature b. Condenser temperature c. Vacuum d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Frozen or Cryopreserved skin shall be stored at an ultra-low temperature of: a. 30 C or below b. 0 C or below c. - 30 C or below d. - 100 C or below

c. - 30 C or below

Tissue from a donor is recovered at ABC hospital. ABC Hospital requires the following information: a. Date of recovery b. Name of donor c. Age of donor d. Name of recovery agency e. All of the above

e. All of the above

A 35 year old man is admitted to ABC hospital ER after an automobile accident at 6:00pm Friday. There is blood loss and 2000 cc of blood is administered. The man dies at 7:00 pm on Sunday. The body is not refrigerated. The recovery team is called and commences recovery at 7:30 am on Monday. On these facts alone will this tissue from this donor be accepted? Yes or No?

Yes the recovery commenced within 15 hours for the un-refrigerated cadaver this meets acceptable criteria.

What are acceptable means for obtaining Informed Consent? a. In person b. By telephone c. Via fax d. Electronic transmission e. All of the above

e. All of the above

The confirmatory assay used for syphilis is: a. RPR b. Syphilis-specific c. Treponemal-specific d. Trepenomal-specific

c. Treponemal-specific

The following can provide a med/soc history on a cadaveric donor: a. Mother b. Life partner c. Daughter d. Room mate e. All of the above f. a & c g. a & b & c

e. All of the above

A 55 year old female is about to undergo a total hip replacement. The nurse has given the patient a relaxant to lower her anxiety about the procedure. The doctor approaches the patient and asks her if she would like to donate the bone that will be removed from her hip to be used in allograft transplants. The transplant would help the quality of life for another individual. The patient consents. All of the patients' blood tests are negative. Can this bone be used for an allograft transplantation? Yes or No?

A tissue identification number can contain the following: a. Numbers b. Letters c. Symbols d. All of the above

d. All of the above

A departure from AATB standards that is pre-approved by the AATB Board of Governors prior to implementation is: a. An error b. A variance c. A resolution d. A waiver

b. A variance

Epiphysis is found: a. In between the metaphysis and diaphysis b. In the long part of the bone c. At the end of the bone d. Just above the medial condyle

c. At the end of the bone

Disposition of a tissue includes all of the following except: a. Transplantation b. Discard c. Distribution d. Research

c. Distribution

The Achilles tendon is attached to which bone? a. Calcaneus b. Fibula c. Talus d. Tibia

a. Calcaneus

Refrigerated skin may be returned to inventory if it has been maintained in a closed container at: a. - 20°C to - 40°C b. - 40°C or colder c. 1°C to 10°C d. Ambient temperature

c. 1°C to 10°C

The MOST accurate way to test for the presence of contamination of tissue allografts is by: a. A gram stain of the graft taken prior to final packaging b. Cultures of blood and of the excised tissue of the donor at the time of recovery c. Incubation of spore strips in bacterial growth media d. Incubation of selected grafts or samples in bacterial growth media

a. A gram stain of the graft taken prior to final packaging

Receiving permission to obtain tissue from living or non-living donors in a manner that provides the donor or donor's next-of-kin information in clear and understandable terms is referred to as: a. Durable power of attorney b. Advance directive c. Informed consent d. Required request

c. Informed consent

When preparing a donor for aseptic bone recovery the extremities should be prepped: a. From clean areas to dirty areas b. From dirty areas to clean areas c. From proximal to distal d. After draping

a. From clean areas to dirty areas

A negative test results means that the agent or substance being tested for is NOT: a. Active b. Present c. Detected d. Able to be tested

c. Detected

All reagents used in MS tissue processing must be: a. Sterile b. Isotonic c. Approved by the medical director d. AATB approved

a. Sterile

Which of the following is NOT considered an acceptable method of sterilizing tissue for implantation? a. Steam autoclave b. Election beam irradiation c. Gamma irradiation d. Ethylene oxide

a. Steam autoclave

Information that a potential donor has received 12 units of packed red blood cells in the OR prior to death should be considered: a. Relevant to HIV testing b. Relevant to the dilutional effect on all antigen/antibody testing c. Relevant to HBsAg testing d. Irrelevant because transfused blood is screened

b. Relevant to the dilutional effect on all

Which of the following is MOST important for effective donor skin prep? a. Extended prep time and applied pressure b. Mechanical and extended prep time c. Friction and heat d. An antimicrobial solution

d. An antimicrobial solution

Which of the following information MUST appear on the final tissue container label? a. Descriptive name of the tissue b. Preservatives used c. Tissue identification number d. Potential residuals of antibiotic solutions

c. Tissue identification number

MS tissue may be obtained from living donors at the time of elective surgery and banked for future use. Permission for recovery of these tissues: a. Is implied in the standard permit for surgery b. Is only required in cases where the banked tissue is to be distributed outside the recovery hospital c. Must be documented and informed consent obtained d. Is not required because the tissue would otherwise be discarded

c. Must be documented and informed consent obtained

Warm ischemic time for cardiac tissue shall NOT exceed how many hours? a. 12 hours b. 24 hours c. 36 hours d. 48 hours

b. 24 hours

When preparing the extremities of a skin donor the surgical prep should be done: a. Only on the areas to be recovered b. Circumferentially on the area to be recovered c. Before shaving any hair d. Using clear solutions to avoid interfering with the visibility of the donor site

b. Circumferentially on the area to be recovered

In order to obtain informed consent for tissue donation the consent MUST include the: a. Names of the persons present during the consent interview b. Tissues to be recovered c. Location of the recovery site d. Date of the donor's death

b. Tissues to be recovered

Which of the following is does NOT need to be considered a permanent part of the donor record? a. Donor's medical/social history b. Informed consent c. Serology testing requisitions d. Tissue processing logs

c. Serology testing requisitions

The PRIMARY purpose of adequate record keeping in tissue banking is to: a. Demonstrate the adequacy of donor screening b. Document the performance of all steps in tissue banking so that they can be clearly traced c. Assign each tissue a unique identification number d. Provide adequate records in case of litigation

b. Document the performance of all steps in tissue banking so that they can be clearly traced

Following tissue retrieval the cadaveric donor body should be reconstructed in accordance with: a. Medical examiner requirements b. Standard operating procedures c. Funeral home requests d. AORN standard practices

b. Standard operating procedures

The use of aseptic technique during tissue recovery: a. Ensures sterility b. Is possible only in an OR c. Ensures freedom from microbial contamination d. Reduces the potential of contamination

d. Reduces the potential of contamination

Freeze-dried tissue packaged in evacuated containers has a storage life not longer than how many years (unless a longer expiration date has been validated)? a. 1 b. 2 c. 5 d. 10

c. 5

MSDS sheets are part of OSHA's Right to Know Program and provide information on all of the following EXCEPT: a. Carcinogenic properties of hazardous chemicals b. Acceptable levels of toxic exposure c. Appropriate disposal methods d. Guidelines to follow in the event of an exposure

b. Acceptable levels of toxic exposure

Serological testing for cadaveric donors shall be performed by a lab appropriately certified by: a. AATB b. AMA c. CLIA d. JCAHO

c. CLIA

To prevent possible cellular tissue and matrix deterioration cardiac tissue shall be kept moist and between what temperature throughout the dissection process? a. 1°C to 10°C b. 0°C to 10°C c. 2°C to 8°C d. 0°C to 8°C

b. 0°C to 10°C

Required documentation regarding heart transport and packaging solution includes all of the following EXCEPT: a. Solution lot number b. Solution expiration date c. Type of solution d. Volume of solution

d. Volume of solution

What is the MAIN advantage to using an allograft heart valve in a 16-year-old male who plays high school football? a. No anticoagulation is needed b. Hospitalization is shorter than for mechanical valve c. The graft is more durable that a mechanical valve d. Reoperation is rarely necessary

a. No anticoagulation is needed

Which of the following must be made available to the transplanting physician upon request? a. Donor procurement records b. Donor medical history c. Donor consent d. Donor processing records

b. Donor medical history

When should complaint regarding cells and/or tissue be investigated? a. Only if safety of the cells/tissue are at issue b. Only if the complaint is valid c. Only when requested by the director or medical director d. At all times even if received orally

d. At all times even if received orally

Aseptic processing environments should be monitored for potential contamination sources. The monitoring should include: a. Work sites processing technicians and recovery cultures b. Particulate air sampling equipment/personnel monitoring and work surfaces c. Recovery sites and tissue cultures d. Processing cultures and biological indicators

b. Particulate air sampling equipment/personnel monitoring and work surfaces

For how long must record from non-dura mater donor be retained? a. 1 year b. 5 years c. 10 years d. Indefinitely

c. 10 years

All of the following information regarding processing reagents should be recorded in the tissue bank's records EXCEPT the: a. Microbial testing results for reagent b. Expiration date of reagent c. Sterility of reagent d. Lot number of reagent

a. Microbial testing results for reagent

Focused audits are conducted to monitor or evaluate all of the following EXCEPT: a. Critical areas b. Areas where problems have been encountered c. Quality control problems d. Organizations performing services for the tissue bank

c. Quality control problems

The acceptable upper limit for residual moisture in freeze-dried tissue as measured by NMR analysis is: a. 6% b. 8% c. 10% d. 12%

b. 8%

When an allograft bone provides a scaffold for cells to move into the area and create new bone the process is referred to as: a. Osteoinduction b. Osteoconduction c. Osteoblastosis d. Osteogenesis

b. Osteoconduction

According to AATB Standards who is responsible for implementing policies for the Governing Body including compliance with all current federal state and/or local laws? a. Chairman of the Board b. Medical Director c. Director d. QA Program Director

c. Director

The purpose of the surgical prep prior to recovery is to: a. Reduce soil and transient microbes b. Inhibit growth of aerobic microbes c. Kill anaerobic microbes d. Destroy proteins on and under the skin

a. Reduce soil and transient microbes

Residual calcium levels of demineralized bone shall NOT exceed: a. 5% b. 6% c. 8% d. 10%

c. 8%

Which of the following criteria is NOT cause for deferral of a heart valve donor? a. Coronary artery disease b. Viral cardiomyopathy c. Rheumatic fever d. Bacterial endocarditis

a. Coronary artery disease

According to AATB Standards what is the maximum acceptable age for a heart valve donor? a. 50 b. 55 c. 60 d. 65

c. 60

A medical/social/sexual history of both a donor child and mother shall be obtained if the child is less than what age? a. 6 months b. 12 months c. 18 months d. 24 months

c. 18 months

A serological test result that is noted to be 'repeat-reactive' indicated the donor sample was: a. Initially reactive retested in duplicate and both results were reactive b. Initially reactive retested in triplicate and all results were reactive c. Initially reactive retested in duplicated and all results were non-reactive d. Initially reactive retested in triplicate and at least one result was reactive

a. Initially reactive retested in duplicate and both results were reactive

According to AATB Standards MS tissue donation is contraindicated when the donor has a history of any of the following EXCEPT: a. Autoimmune disease b. Malignancy c. Active Tb d. Rheumatoid arthritis

b. Malignancy

Which of the following positive lab test is an absolute contraindication to tissue transplantation? a. HTLV - I/II antibody b. CMV antibody c. RPR d. Hepatitis B surface antibody

a. HTLV - I/II antibody

You are evaluating a potential donor with a history of hemophilia or related clotting disorder. This donor should be excluded: a. If the disorder was diagnosed prior to 1977 b. If the donor ever received human derived clotting factor concentrates c. Only as MS tissue donor d. Only as CV tissue donor

b. If the donor ever received human derived clotting factor concentrates

A cardiac tissue donor's time/date of death was 2100 on 03/19/06 and was placed into cold storage at 2300 on 03/19/06. The heart recovery began at 0320 on 03/20/06 and was placed into transport solution at 0445 on 03/20/06. The heart arrived at the processing facility at 1035 on 03/20/06 and was placed into disinfection solution at 1215 on 03/20/06. The grafts completed their controlled-rate freezing cycle at 1545 on 03/21/06. The cold ischemic time is: a. 2 hours b. 5 hours 45 minutes c. 7 hours 30 minutes d. 13 hours 15minutes

c. 7 hours 30 minutes

A 38-year-old male was brought to the ER after having been found DOA as result of a suicide by hanging. In the donor evaluation process it will be important to determine the time: a. The body was refrigerated b. Of death based on when the victim was last known to be alive c. Of death estimated by the coroner or medical examiner d. Of death based on the time of arrival of paramedics

b. Of death based on when the victim was last known to be alive

A blood sample from the natural mother shall be used for infectious disease testing for tissue donors less than: a. 1 month b. 4 months c. 12 months d. 18 months

a. 1 month

If lab results are found to be repeat reactive for HBsAg the donor tissue is: a. Suitable for transplantation if confirmatory test results are non-reactive b. Suitable for transplantation if 2 confirmatory tests are non-reactive c. Suitable for transplantation without further testing d. Not suitable for transplantation

d. Not suitable for transplantation

Which of the following medical conditions is NOT a contradiction to MS tissue donation? a. Hashimoto's thyroiditis b. Rheumatoid arthritis c. Systemic lupus erythematosis d. Polyarteritis nodosa

a. Hashimoto's thyroiditis

A tissue bank and eye bank BOTH obtain serological tests on a multi-tissue donor. All results are non-reactive except for the HBsAg. The eye bank result is non-reactive but the tissue bank result is repeat reactive. When may the tissue be used? a. If a rerun of the tissue bank sample is negative b. If a confirmatory test run in duplicate is negative c. If a confirmatory test is negative d. Never

d. Never

Unless otherwise directed by federal state and/or local laws confirmed positive HIV antibody test results on a cadaveric tissue donor: a. May be reported to any hospital personnel involved with the retrieval for safety reasons b. Must be reported to state or local health departments c. Are always reported to the Authorizing person d. Both B and C

d. Both B and C

You are called to evaluate an 18-year-old male who had died as a result of a closed head injury. The family indicated an interest to the hospital staff in donating any organs or tissue that could be used. You meet with the family to obtain medical/social/sexual history and consent. Tissue donation would be precluded by a history of: a. Scarlet fever at age 10 b. Infectious mononucleosis at age 16 c. Injection of performance enhancing drugs during the previous year d. Occasional marijuana use

c. Injection of performance enhancing drugs during the previous year

A potential pediatric donor was breast-fed. Documentation of the mother's behavioral risk history would be required if breast feeding occurred within the past: a. 3 months b. 6 months c. 12 months d. 18 months

c. 12 months

The goal of the surgical prep is: a. To get the drape to stick better b. To rid the skin of all microbes c. To rid the skin of most microbes d. To sterilize the field

c. To rid the skin of most microbes

An agent that kill microorganisms on inanimate objects: a. Antiseptic b. Bacteriostatic c. Disinfectant d. Sterilant

d. Sterilant

Cryopreservaton of an osteoarticular graft is intended to: a. Preserve chondrocytes b. Preserve osteocytes c. Extend long-term preservation d. Maintain sterility

a. Preserve chondrocytes

Which of the following cell types is the most mature? a. Howship's lacunae b. Osteoblasts c. Osteoclasts d. Osteocytes

d. Osteocytes

Which of the following cells is most responsible for bone remodeling? a. Mesenchymal cells b. Osteoblasts c. Osteoclasts d. Osteocytes

c. Osteoclasts

Potential cellular and matrix damage to valve tissue may be prevented by all of the following EXCEPT: a. Aseptic retrieval b. Maintenance of tissue and solutions between 1°C and 10°C c. Keeping tissue moist during dissection d. Use of cryoprotectants

a. Aseptic retrieval

When performing skin recovery on a donor how often should the dermatome blade be changed? a. After every square foot of skin b. After every 2 square feet of skin c. When going from left to right side and from anterior to posterior surfaces d. As often as necessary to maintain cutting efficiency

d. As often as necessary to maintain cutting efficiency

Skin should be recovered at a depth of how many thousandths of an inch: a. 1-5 b. 6-10 c. 10-20 d. 20-30

c. 10-20

Wolff's Law describes: a. Bone regeneration b. Fracture repair in long bones c. Repair of lamellar bone d. The relationship between form and function in bone

d. The relationship between form and function in bone

Microbiology procedures not required by AATB standards are: a. Environmental cultures b. Pre-disinfection cultures c. Recovery cultures d. None of the above

a. Environmental cultures

Stratum corneum stratum lucidum stratum granulosum stratum spinosum an stratum basale are the layers of cells contained in the: a. Superficial fascia b. Dermis c. Epidermis d. Subcutaneous tissue

c. Epidermis

When preparing an autologous graft when should cultures be obtained? a. At recovery b. Before distribution c. Just after processing d. Just before processing

d. Just before processing

What are the layers of the heart from inside to outside? a. Endocardium myocardium epicardium b. Endocardium myocardium exocardium c. Epicardium pericardium myocardium d. Myocardium endocardium exocardium

a. Endocardium myocardium epicardium

One goal of cardiovascular tissue banking should be to preserve the _______ of the cells on/in the leaflet and the ________ of the valve matrix. a. Solubility'permeability b. Viability/integrity c. Viability/rigidity d. Volume/crystalline lattice

b. Viability/integrity

Focused audits are conducted to monitor or evaluated all of the following EXCEPT: a. Critical areas b. Areas where problems have been encountered c. Quality control problems d. Organizations performing services for the tissue bank

d. Organizations performing services for the tissue bank

Which of the following is an automatic deferral for heart valve donation? a. History of cancer b. Idiopathic disorders c. Viral cardiomyopathy d. Obesity

c. Viral cardiomyopathy

What temperature should hearts be transported to the processing facility a. 1 - 10° C b. 2 - 10° C c. 4° C d. On ice - temperature does not matter e. 0-10° C

e. 0-10° C

Basic elements for informed consent require: a. An description of the permitted use(s) of the tissue (i.e. transplant research or education) b. Advance directives for hospitals being made known c. The next-of-kin to be available d. HIPAA regulations to be followed

a. An description of the permitted use(s) of the tissue (i.e. transplant research or education)

The upper time limit for retrieval to processing heart valves is: a. Cold ischemic time shall not exceed 48 hours b. There is no time limit c. Warm ischemic time shall not exceed 24 hours d. Warm ischemic time shall not exceed 48 hours

c. Warm ischemic time shall not exceed 24 hours

What consideration must be given to pediatric donors who have been breastfed within the past 12 months? a. How long the infant has been breastfed b. SOP c. Funeral home requirements d. None of the above

d. None of the above

Documentation of reconstruction shall be maintained in: a. The hospital chart b. The family thank you letter c. Funeral home letter d. Donor record

d. Donor record

The quality of skin grafts may be optimized during recovery by: a. Checking the recovered skin frequently for uniform thickness b. Moving the dermatome from the upper to lower area c. Keeping the blade setting the same during the procurement d. Changing the dermatome blade as infrequently as possible

a. Checking the recovered skin frequently for uniform thickness

According to AATB standards the maximum allowable time prior to tissue retrieval shall commence in a. 48 hours b. 36 hours c. 24 hours d. 18 hours

c. 24 hours

Which organism is unacceptable on skin growth? a. Diptheroids b. Clostridium c. Nisseria d. Miscroccus

b. Clostridium

The vein MOST commonly used as an allograft is the: a. Saphenous b. Umbilical c. Superficial femoral d. Cephalic

a. Saphenous

Which of the following most accurately describes lyophilization? a. The evacuation of water through evaporating process b. Sublimation of water from tissue under vacuum c. Preservation of tissue in evacuated container d. Preservation of tissue by removal of all water and water materials

b. Sublimation of water from tissue under vacuum

Each lyophilization cycle must be monitored for: a. Condenser temperature b. Chamber temperature c. Cold temperature pressure d. Ambient temperature

a. Condenser temperature d. Ambient temperature

Sizing of processed tissue may NOT be performed by: a. X-ray b. Volume c. Physical measurements d. Comparisons to standards

a. X-ray

The validated process of disinfection does not include: a. Detergent b. Ethanol c. Iodoform d. Acid

d. Acid

Intense heat used in any stage of tissue processing will: a. Sterilize the tissue b. Improve mechanical quality c. Remove antigenic substance d. Destroy proteins

a. Sterilize the tissue

Use of pre-processing irradiation does the following: a. Sterilizes the outer package of the tissue b. Kill candida species of organisms c. Reduces requirement for sterility testing d. Reduces the bioburden

b. Kill candida species of organisms

Which of the following is not used for terminal sterilization of tissue? a. Ethylene oxide b. Irradiation c. Antibiotic solution d. Dry heat

a. Ethylene oxide

An example of a substance that can minimize the osmotic imbalances of cells during freezing: a. Glycol b. Acid or iodoforum c. Liquid nitrogen d. None of the above

b. Acid or iodoforum

Which statement is incorrect? a. Tendon attaches ligament to bone b. Ligament attach bone to bone c. Tendon attach muscle to bone d. All of the above

a. Tendon attaches ligament to bone

All of the following are absolute contradictions to processing bone EXCEPT: a. Hemophilia b. Sarcoidosis c. Metabolic bone disease d. Diabetes

a. Hemophilia

Fascia Lata: a. Connects articular end to the bone b. Connects muscle to the bone c. Connects all muscles d. Covers the anterior thigh muscles

d. Covers the anterior thigh muscles

Which of the following is a contraindication for skin recovery? a. Prior bone recovery b. Disseminated acne c. Presence of a decubitus ulcer d. Chronic steroid use by the donor

c. Presence of a decubitus ulcer

A bone involved at the ankle and the knee is called: a. Femur b. Tarsal c. Fibula d. Tibia

d. Tibia

A large cortical allograft is: a. Osteogenic b. Osteoinductive c. Osteoconductive d. Osteopoketic

c. Osteoconductive

Cancellous bone is composed of: a. Inactive osteoclasts b. Fibrocartilage and fibroconnective non-mielinated fibers that are irradiating in all directions c. Thin trabecular processes joined together forming three dimensional fibers work d. Four layers of haversian canals

c. Thin trabecular processes joined together forming three dimensional fibers work

The greater trochanter is the bone work located on: a. Ulna b. Radius c. Tibia d. Femur

d. Femur

The late delivery of the recovery cultures to the microbiology lab can result in: a. Proliferation of microbes which are in the tissue b. A loss of aerobic organisms c. An increased bioburden in the tissue d. Contamination of probes

b. A loss of aerobic organisms

Tissue collected aseptically is: a. Sterile b. FREE of microorganisms c. More sterile than the tissue collected in clean procedures d. Still could be potentially contaminated with microorganisms

d. Still could be potentially contaminated with microorganisms

Tissue recovered for fresh allografts should be: a. Sterilized and placed in a double plastic envelope b. Placed in sterile container on wet ice c. Treated with antibiotics and put on dry ice d. Placed in sterile container and maintained at room temperature

b. Placed in sterile container on wet ice

Bone blocks can be left on both ends of what graft: a. Achilles tendon b. Posterior tibialis tendon c. Patellar ligament d. Fascia lata

c. Patellar ligament

An adult donor who has been transfused/infused with 4 or more units of blood blood components colloid or crystalloids within 48 hours prior to death is an acceptable donor if: a. The serologic test results of the 'units' transfused are available for review b. The post-transfusion/infusion sample tests are negative and the donor has a history which assures freedom from high risk categories c. An adequate algorithm is used to ensure that there is not hemodilution that can alter test results d. A blood sample drawn following medical intervention is used to perform serologic tests

c. An adequate algorithm is used to ensure that there is not hemodilution that can alter test results

When handling sterile drapes you must be sure that the drape is presented: a. To a sterile person who is scrubbed gowned and gloved b. Using quick movement when placed on the OR table c. Prior to the surgical prep of the donor d. After being sterilized using ETO

a. To a sterile person who is scrubbed gowned and gloved

Pre-transfusion testing for a donor that received multiple blood products is important because: a. Additional blood product will increase systolic pressure and damage the skin b. Additional blood product can have a dilutional effect on donor blood effecting the detection of pre-existing antibodies and antigens c. Additional blood product can cross match on patient blood making unnecessary influence on pre-transfusion sample d. None of the above

b. Additional blood product can have a dilutional effect on donor blood effecting the detection of pre-existing antibodies and antigens

According to AATB Standards STERILE is defined as: a. Absence of detectable viable contaminating microorganisms b. Freedom of potential pathogens c. Absence of viable contaminating microorganism as determined by sound microbiology protocol d. Reduction of statistical probability of the presence of contaminating microorganisms

a. Absence of detectable viable contaminating microorganisms

The post RECOVERY management of the donor requires: a. An autopsy be performed b. Refrigeration of the body within 24 hours c. Notification of the coroner's office of the retrieval process d. The dignity if the donor is maintained by the proper reconstruction of the body

d. The dignity if the donor is maintained by the proper reconstruction of the body

Which tissue required a bone block on both proximal and distal sides? a. Patellar ligament b. Achilles tendon c. Gracillis tendon d. Semitendinous tendon

a. Patellar ligament

Which of the following is a contraindication to donation? a. The donor had basal cell carcinoma of the skin 7 years ago (excised and healed) b. The donor had a systemic mycosis c. The donor had pneumonia d. A female donor had carcinoma in situ of the cervix

b. The donor had a systemic mycosis

When recovering the lower body tissue the established order begins and ends with: a. Fascia ilium b. Ilium fascia c. Fascia Achilles d. Ilium tibia

a. Fascia ilium

When recovering an Achilles tendon a segment of which bone is usually attached distally: a. Calcaneous b. Ethmoid c. Talus d. Medial epicondyle

a. Calcaneous

The donor who was infused with blood and blood components in the last 48 hours is acceptable if: a. The serological test results of the units transferred are negative b. A blood sample drawn at midway throughout the medical intervention has a negative serology test c. There is no sufficient hemodilution prior to the test results d. An adequate algorithm is used to determine hemodilution

d. An adequate algorithm is used to determine hemodilution

Which of the following statements are incorrect? a. Each donor shall be assigned a unique identification number b. Microbiology cultures sample was taken out of procurement c. If an autopsy is performed tissue recover cannot take place d. Culture results shall be documented on the donor record

c. If an autopsy is performed tissue recover cannot take place

Recovery records should show: a. Expiration dates of supplies b. Name and address of the procurement agency c. A list of specific tissue retrieved d. All of the above

d. All of the above

According to AATB standards for tissue banking all the agents used in MS tissue processing must be: a. Sterile b. Isotonic c. Approved by the Medical Director d. AATB approved

a. Sterile

Prior to cryopreservation its necessary to rinse heart valves in tissue culture media to remove: a. The transport solution b. The 10% DMSO c. The antibiotic solution d. All of the above

c. The antibiotic solution

Controlled rate freezing is conducted with which of the following conditions: a. The employment of computer assisted freezing b. The addition of cryoprotectant and freezing at a predetermined rate per minute c. Use of ethylene glycol in the freezing system d. Store in the liquid hydrogen

b. The addition of cryoprotectant and freezing at a predetermined rate per minute

Which of the following is NOT required on a tissue graft label? a. Descriptive name of the tissue b. ABO blood type c. Acceptable storage conditions d. Reference to the package insert

b. ABO blood type

Osteoinductive properties of bone matrix is not destroyed by: a. Alkaline b. Acid c. Oxidation d. Sulfidial reduction

b. Acid

Minimum incubation time for anaerobic bacteria? a. 14 days b. 7 days c. 12 days d. 5 days

b. 7 days

Short term storage of frozen tissue is defined as? a. 12 months or less at -40C b. 8 Months or less at -20C c. 6 Months or less at -20C d. 4 Months or less at -40C

c. 6 Months or less at -20C

The minimum recommended dosage for gamma irradiation of tissue is? a. Validated and supported by data b. Determined only by AAMI/ISO11137 c. 1.5 megarads (15 kGy) d. Stated on the label or package insert.

c. 1.5 megarads (15 kGy)

The maximum time that retrieved musculoskeletal tissue shall remain at wet ice temperatures prior to either processing or freezing is? a. 72 hours b. 48 hours c. 24 hours d. To be determined by each facility

a. 72 hours

A copy of the informed consent form will remain on file 10 years beyond the date of processing. True/False

FALSE

All of the following conditions exclude a potential donor with the exception of? a. Autoimmune disease b. Alcoholism c. Rheumatoid arthritis d. Unexplained jaundice

b. Alcoholism

John Doe with no known family can be a donor by ward of the courts. True/False

TRUE

Hypothermic storage temperatures for fresh skin allografts is? a. -1 to -10C b. 10 to 20C c. 1 to 10C d. -40C or colder

c. 1 to 10C

A donor is considered too hemodiluted for transplant if they have received 2000cc or more of all of the following within 48 hours except? a. Red Blood Cells b. Colloids c. Crystalloids d. None of the above

d. None of the above

Musculoskeletal and skin tissue excision shall be completed within 24 hours of cardiac death provided the body was placed at refrigerated temperatures within 12 hours of death? True/False

TRUE

Any staff member with a serious infectious condition that may adversely affect the safety of the tissue shall be excluded from: a. Retrieval b. Packaging c. Processing d. Preservation e. All of the above f. Only a & c g. Only c & d.

e. All of the above

Safety procedures shall include all of the following except: a. Instructions for contacting emergency personnel b. Procedures for management of worker exposure to blood-borne pathogens c. Steps to be followed in cleaning biohazardous spills d. Training on OSHA regulations e. Material Safety Data Sheets

d. Training on OSHA regulations

Training files shall include: a. Annual review of policies and procedures for which the employee has been trained. b. Documentation of review and training prior to implementation or new SOPs. c. Dates and times training occurred for policies & procedures d. a & b.

d. a & b.

The following applies to Standard Operating Procedures except: a. Current copies shall be in designated locations& available to staff at all times b. SOPs shall be updated to reflect modifications or changes c. Minor deviations from SOPs may be authorized by Supervisors d. A file of archived SOPs shall be maintained for 10 years after discontinuation.

c. Minor deviations from SOPs may be authorized by Supervisors

Which of the following is true? a. Refrigerated skin may be returned to inventory if it has been maintained at 1C to 15C in a closed container. b. Refrigerated skin may be returned to inventory if it has been maintained at 1C to 10C in an open container c. Refrigerated skin may be returned to inventory if it has been maintained at less than 15C in a closed container d. Refrigerated skin may be returned to inventory if it has been maintained at 1C to 10C in a closed container

d. Refrigerated skin may be returned to inventory if it has been maintained at 1C to 10C in a closed container

Tissue for research shall have all of the following except: a. Informed consent obtained from the donor or next of kin b. Request submitted in writing c. Tissue identification number d. Approval by the Director.

c. Tissue identification number

Distribution records shall include all of the following except: a. Date of order placement b. Time of order placement c. Name of individual placing the order d. Name of staff member filling the order

b. Time of order placement

Solutions needed to complete _________ allograft operative preparation procedure shall be made available to the utilizing facility. a. Musculoskeletal b. Skin c. Vascular

c. Vascular

All of the following are contraindications for heart valve donation except? a. Pacemaker implant b. Rheumatic fever c. Semilunar valvular disease d. Bacterical endocarditis

a. Pacemaker implant is not listed as a contraindication for heart valve donation.

Which solution is not isotonic and cannot be used as a transport media for human hearts? a. PlasmaLyte b. Sterile water c. Sterile Normal saline d. Lactated Ringers

b. Sterile water is not isotonic.

The goal in processing cryopreserved allograft cardiovascular tissues is to? a. Produce durable grafts at the lowest cost b. Alter the tissue to create a superior graft c. Alter the tissue as little as possible d. Produce sterile grafts for clinical applications

c. The goal of cryopreserved allograft cardiovascular tissue is to alter the tissue as little as possible.

A blood specimen from the mother may be substituted for serological testing on donors less than? a. 28 days or less b. 60 days or less c. 90 days or less d. 120 days or less

a. 28 days or less

Documentation of the transport solution used for cardiovascular tissues should include all of the following except? a. Type b. Lot# c. Manufacturer d. Date/time solution opened

d. The date and time of opening the transport solution need not be documented.

The most commonly used and most effective cryoprotectant utilized for preserving allograft cardiac tissues is? a. Glycerin b. Tissue culture media c. DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide) d. Liquid nitrogen

c. DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide) is the most commonly used and most effective cryoprotectant for preserving allograft cardiac tissue.

The dissection of heart valves shall be maintained at a temperature range to prevent additional warm ischemia and potential cellular damage. Methods shall be employed to maintain the tissues or solutions at the following temperature range. a. 1-10C b. 2-10C c. 10-20C d.

a. Methods should be used to maintain the tissues at 1 to 10C.

Quality assurance staff is responsible for all of the following except? a. Approve or reject tissue b. Discontinue processing if deviations of SOP's are denoted c. Discontinue release of tissue if deviations of SOP's are denoted d. Perform testing to ensure that equipment is operating within specifications

d. Quality assurance is not required to perform testing to ensure that equipment is operating within specifications.

All heart valve and conduit tissue shall be measured in two ways. Valve diameter in ___ and conduit length in ___. a. Mandril cone Hegar dilator b. cm.mm. c. mm cm d. Obturator customizer

c. mm cm Allograft heart valve grafts shall be sized by internal valve annulus diameter in millimeters (mm) and the length of the conduit recorded in centimeters (cm) as measured along the anterior midline.

What is the warmest allowable storage temperature for cryopreserved allograft heart valves? a. -40C b. -100C c. -196C d. -80C

b. Cardiovascular tissue is stored at -100C or colder.

Wet ice temperatures are defined as: a. 1-10C b. -1 to -5C c. 1-5C d. Below 15C

a. Wet ice/refrigerated temperature is 0C to 10C.

Relevant medical records contain the following except: a. Donor medical history interview b. Physical assessment c. Expiration dates of tissue d. Laboratory test results

c. Expiration dates of tissue are not part of donor medical records.

Pig heart valves have often been used in transplants. This is called a: a. Allograft b. Autograft c. Xenograft d. Porcine device

c. A xenograft is one taken from a nonhuman species.

All of the following shall be calibrated with the exception of: a. Measuring Instruments b. Gauges c. Water supply d. Recording devices

c. Water Supply Instruments gauges recording devices equipment and apparatus shall be qualified and routinely calibrated maintained etc.

Cardiovascular allografts shall be maintained at: a. -50C and colder b. -100C and colder c. -150C and colder d. -40C and colder

b. Cardiovascular storage containers shall be able to withstand storage temperature requirements of -100C.

The Medical Director can only be a licensed physician in the United States. True or False?

FALSE

Which of the following would be accepted as a potential donor? a. Person injecting IV drugs for non-medical reasons in the past 3 years. b. Person living in a one-bathroom house with a friend who has viral hepatitis. c. Person whose mother has Creutzfeldt-Jakobs disease. d. Person who was incarcerated for 70 hours last month.

d. Person who was incarcerated for 70 hours would be accepted.

What is not required in the file of a recalled tissue? a. Reason for recall b. Quarantining steps c. Condition of the tissue d. Steps taken to retrieve the tissue

c. The condition of the tissue is not on the list of recalled tissue file information.

Cardiovascular Implantation records shall have: a. Recipient identity b. Identification Number of the graft c. Surgeons name and hospital d. A&B e. All of the above

e. All are on dispensing record.

Tissue can be dispensed with: a. An order from a physician b. An order from a nurse c. An order from a physician's assistant d. All of the above e. A&B & C if authorized

a. A physician or other authorized health professional.

Container labels shall include the following except: a. Tissue identification number b. Expiration date including month and year c. Processing date including month and year d. Potential residues of processing agents

c. Processing Date The tissue identification number must be on the container label. It there is sufficient space the expiration date including month and year and potential residues of processing agents are listed for labeling information. The processing date is not required at all.

An example of every label used by the tissue bank shall be maintained. True or False?

True One label shall be retained for the archives as each type of outdated or obsolete label is removed from inventory.

Before transfer of cardiovascular tissue from quarantine to distribution inventory the following shall be reviewed approved and documented as acceptable except: a. Donor blood type b. Processing time limits c. Final label d. Microbiological test results

a. Donor Blood Type The processing final label and testing shall be reviewed before transfer blood type is not necessary.

Tissue can be distributed for transplantation in an emergency situation or under special medical conditions if the following is documented. a. Processing information available at time of release b. Medical Director review of all information available c. Completion of pre-established release criteria based on tissue utility. d. Statement from end-user physician indicating their understanding the tissue is released prior to completion of suitability evaluation e. All the above f. b & c & d g. b & d

e. All of the above Tissue distributed in an emergency shall have documented urgency of the clinical need Medical Director review of all relevant information present processing information available at the time of release a written statement issued from the end-user physician indicating understanding the release is prior to completion of suitability evaluation.

Final review of donor suitability shall be performed by the Medical Director. The review shall include the following except: a. Acceptability of consent b. Donor Risk Assessment Interview c. Physical exam results d. Time recovery started and completed

d. Recovery times Time of recovery start and completion are not included in the list of items reviewed by the Medical director.

Which of the following tissues shall be refrigerated for no longer than 14 days? a. Skin b. Refrigerated musculoskeletal c. Refrigerated cardiovascular d. All of the above

a. Skin shall be stored refrigerated for no longer than 14 days.

Is temperature monitoring required for lyophilized tissue a. Yes b. No c. On a monthly basis d. All of the above

b. Ambient temperature monitoring not required for lyophilized tissue see the table footnotes.

What is the warmest allowable storage temperature for frozen musculoskeletal tissue? a. -40C b. -20C c. -45C d. -35C

b. -20C The warmest long term storage temperature is -40C. Short term storage of 6 months or less is -20C.

Can dehydrated tissue be stored at -10C? a. Yes b. No c. Yes if monitored

a. Lyophilized or dehydrated tissue must be stored at ambient temperature or colder.

If skin is stored in liquid nitrogen documented verification of the liquid nitrogen level must occur: a. Once a week b. Twice a week c. Once a day d. At interval specified in the SOPM

d. According to SOPM If storage utilizes liquid nitrogen either liquid nitrogen levels or temperature shall be monitored and documented at an interval specified in the SOPM.

Which of the following is documented to have been transmitted through tissue transplants? a. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease b. Parkinson's disease c. Hodgkin's disease d. Leukemia

a. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

The last tissue to be recovered from the lower body is: a. Ilium b. Fascia c. Achilles tendon d. Tibia

a. Ilium

Which of the following is an absolute contraindication to recovering bone from an individual? a. History of autoimmune disease b. Sarcoidosis c. Diabetes d. History of prostate cancer

b. Sarcoidosis

A chart review of a potential donor who died from a gunshot wound to the head reveals a high white blood cell count (WBC = 31). You should: a. Note the WBC count but decline the donation unless the tissue is urgently required b. Note the results and report them to the medical director c. Decline the donation because the WBC count indicated infection d. Order a repeat WBC count on the potential donor

b. Note the results and report them to the medical director

A 25-year-old-male involved in a high speed motorcycle single vehicle MVA is pronounced dead at the scene and his body is transported to the county coroner's facility. When informed of his death the next-of-kin inquired about the possibility for donation. The coroner refers this request to you. What should be your response? a. You should ask the coroner if aseptic tissue recovery can precede the autopsy b. You should explain to the family that tissues cannot be donated because of the severe tissue damage related to motorcycle accidents c. You should delay tissue recovery until toxicology results are available d. You should explain to the family that tissues cannot be removed because the death is being investigated by the coroner

a. You should ask the coroner if aseptic tissue recovery can precede the autopsy

The local OPO refers a 22-year-old with a gunshot wound to the head stating that consent has been obtained from the next-of-kin for kidneys heart liver and bone of the lower extremities skin and corneas. The tissue bank is informed that the donor has been hospitalized for 14 days prior to declaration of death. Organ recovery is scheduled for later this day. The most appropriate INITIAL action for the tissue bank employee handling this potential donor should be to: a. Arrange for sterile recovery of the tissues immediately following organ recovery b. Inform the OPO coordinator that this donor is unacceptable for tissue donation due to the length of hospitalization c. Review the donor's hospital records for the presence of active infections d. Obtain a blood culture and order blood serology testing

c. Review the donor's hospital records for the presence of active infections

You are asked to evaluate a 56-year-old female who just died suddenly as result of a cerebrovascular accident (stroke). Medical history includes hypertension of a 7-year duration and breast cancer 4 years ago with no recurrence. Based on your preliminary findings you should: a. Decline donation based on the history of cancer b. Accept the donor for skin only c. Decline the donor based on her cause of death d. Accept the donation pending medical director review of the donor record

d. Accept the donation pending medical director review of the donor record

When recovering the heart for valves aortic conduit length is maximized by transecting the aortic arch distal to the: a. Left common carotid artery b. Left subclavian artery c. Left pulmonary artery d. Brachiocephalic artery

b. Left subclavian artery

Which of the following does NOT preclude MS tissue donation? a. Rheumatoid arthritis b. Systemic lupus erythematosus c. Myasthenia gravis d. Sarcoidosis

c. Myasthenia gravis

Normal skin flora is found on the surface of the skin and in the hair follicles. True or False?

TRUE

When retrieving donor skin the dermatome is set to a depth of? a. 0.010 to 0.018 in. b. 0.010 to 0.028 in. c. 0.012 to 0.018 in. d. 0.012 to 0.020 in.

c. 0.012 to 0.018 in.

What is the best angle for the dermatome when recovering skin that falls in the recommended thickness range? a. 30 degrees b. 35 degrees c. 40 degrees d. 45 degrees

d. 45 degrees

Skin grafts are unsuitable for transplantation if the cultures grow? a. Diptheroids **non pathogenic b. Micrococcus sp. **gram positive c. Staphlococcus coagulase negative ** nonpathogenic and not highly virulent d. Staphlococcus coagulase positive **pathogenic and highly virulent

d. Staphlococcus coagulase positive **pathogenic and highly virulent

Recovered skin thickness is a function of forward movement speed of the dermatome. True or False?

TRUE

The donor's next-of-kin shall be notified about medically relevant confirmed positive serological tests in accordance with state and federal regulations True or False?

TRUE

Recipients of cryopreserved allograft heart valves generally do not require anticoagulant therapy as do patients receiving mechanical valve replacements. True or False?

TRUE

The time interval between placement of tissues in cold rinse following procurement and the beginning of disinfection interval is known as the? a. Cold ischemic time b. Disinfection time c. Transport time d. Warm ischemic time

a. Cold ischemic time

A standardized and documented Med/Soc. Hx must be obtained on each donor. In the case of an infant less than ____ months old with a history of breast feeding in the past 12 months a Med/Soc. Hx must be obtained on the mother to evaluate for the risk of transmission of HIV. a. 16 b. 18 c. 15 d. 24

b. 18

What must be taken into account during radiographis tissue sizing? a. Right or left b. Distal or proximal c. Magnification d. Donor age

c. Magnification A radiograph can be considered a shadow. The same magnification effect from moving closer to the source of light or away from the surface on which the shadow is cast can be applied to the position of the bone relative to the radiographic plate and the x-ray source.

During the initial incision areas of skin that have abrasions or puncture wounds should be: a. Avoided and tissues affected not retrieved b. Prepped more thoroughly before initial incision c. Ignored d. None of the above

a. Avoided and tissues affected not retrieved. Areas that have abrasions or puncture wounds should be avoided.

Which is not a residual product of ethylene oxide? a. Ethylene oxide b. Ethylene dioxide c. Ethylene chlorohydrin d. Ethyhlene glycol

b. Ethylene dioxide There are three residues listed in the standard: Ethylene Oxide Ethylene Chlorohydrin and Ethylene Glycol.

Laboratory cultures on donor skin detect most common microorganisms with the exception of? a. Anaerobic bacteria b. Fungi c. Viruses d. Yeast

c. Viruses Viruses are very difficult to culture. They require living cells and are beyond the scope of common laboratory practices.

What is the order in which tissue from the lower extremities is recovered? a. Fascia femur tib/fib ilium b. Fascia femur ilium tib/fib c. Ilium fascia femur tib/fib d. Fascia tib/fib femur ilium

a. Fascia femur tib/fib ilium

On a tissue graft treated with ETO what is the allowable parts per million residual on a size of tissue less than 10 grams for ETO Ethylene Glycol Ethylene Chlorohydrin: a. 2500 2500 5000 b. 250 250 5000 c. 250 5000 250 d. 100 100 2000

c. 250 5000 250

When dissecting the femur at the level of the hip the ligamentum teres tendon is transected severing its attachment to the . a. Acetabulum b. Patellar tubercle c. Greater trochanter d. Tibial plateau

a. Acetabulum

ctbs Flashcards

(500 cards)