Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 1

How far is Cuba from Florida

Answer 1

160 km

Question 2

Who was the ruler Americans provide d

Answer 2

General Batista

Question 3

What was general Batista like

Answer 3

Dictator
Corrupt
Unpopular
Opposed to communism

Question 4

In 1959 after a 3 year campaign who overthrew Batista

Answer 4

Fidel Castro

Question 5

What was Castro like

Answer 5

Charismatic 
Ruthless
Clever
Good at propaganda 
Vision for better cuba that won over most Cubans

Question 6

What was us reaction to Castro

Answer 6

They were surprised but recognised him as new leader

Question 7

Why time relation between Cuba and America quickly go bad after Castro took power

Answer 7

Thousands of exiles in us from Cuba who former powerful pressure groups demanding action against Castro

Castro took over some American Owned businesses in Cuba and land and distributed it to cubas peasant farmer population.

Question 8

When did Eisenhower authorise CIA to first investigate ways of overthrowing Cuba

Answer 8

June 1960

Question 9

Who did American companies in Cuba refuse to operate with

Answer 9

Any Cuban businesses who used oil or goods from USSR

Question 10

How did Castro respond to US hostility

Answer 10

He allowed USA to keep its naval base and said Americans living there were safe
But in summer 60, c allied Cuba with USSR

Question 11

Soviet leader Khrushchev signed trade agreement giving Cuba how much in economic aid

Answer 11

$100 million

Question 12

What was bay of pigs

Answer 12

Rather than direct invasion Kennedy supplied arms equipment and transport for 1,400 Cuban exiles to invade and overthrow Castro. They were met with 20,000 troops and were fall captured or killed within days

Question 13

When was bay of Pigs

Answer 13

April 1961

Question 14

What was the impact o the bay of pigs

Answer 14

Suggest to Cuba and USSR that USA unwilling to get directly involved
It strengthened castors position in Cuba

Question 15

When did Soviet Union announce publicly that they IT was supplying Cuba with arms

Answer 15

May 1962

Question 16

By July 1962 who had best army in Latin America

Answer 16

Cuba

Question 17

By September what 1962 what did Cuba have

Answer 17

Missiles 
Tanks 
Patrol boats 
Jet bombers
Jet fighter
5,000 Soviet technicians to maintain as help with weappnry

Question 18

On the 11th of September what did Hennessy warn USSR ? How’d they respond

Answer 18

K said he would prevent Cuba of becoming an OFFESNIVE (nuclear) base “by whatever means might be necessary” and same day USSR assured them rhey had no intention of it

Question 19

When we’re the first photos of nuclear missiles on Cuba taken

Answer 19

14th October 1962

Just a month after they said they had no intention of it !

Question 20

In days following first photos experts said it’d be how long till missiles were ready to be launched ?

Answer 20

7 days

Question 21

What choices did Kennedy rule out doing and why

Answer 21

Nothing? - USSR had lied and doing nothing wld be sign of weakness
Surgical air attack? - destruction of all couldn’t be guaranteed and any left wld be huge danger, wld inevitably involve killing soviet soldiers = retaliation and attack without warning Sen as immoral
Invasion? - would be equivalent Soviet response
Diplomatic pressures - USA backing down showing weakness

Question 22

What were Kennedys five choices

Answer 22

Do nothing 
Surgical air attack
Invasion
Diplomatic pressures 
Blockade

Question 23

Bloackade pros and cons

Answer 23

Show the us as serious
Not direct act of war
Puts ball in Khrushchev court
USA had strong navy and cld take other options if this didn’t work

Didn’t solve main problems of missiles already there and USSR could retaliate. Y blockading Berlin again like it did in 1948

Question 24

What day did the bloackade begin ?

Answer 24

Wednesday 24th October

Question 25

What happens on 27th October 1962

Answer 25

Khrushchev said he'd removed Cuban missiles if they removed Turkish ones American u2 plane shot down over Cuba pilot killed, Kennedy was advised to launch immediate reprisal attack on Cuba but didn't. He told sov un if they didn't withdraw an attack would follow

Question 26

After American pilot killed and Kennedy said if they didn't withdraw missiles attack would follow what happened

Answer 26

Khrushchev agreed to crate them back

Question 27

Why did Khrushchev put the missiles there ?

Answer 27

``` To bargain to remove Turkish ones ? To test USA ? To close missile gap? To defend Cuba? To strengthen his position in the USSR ? ```

Question 28

What was the outcome for Kennedy

Answer 28

Great rep for ken He stood up to them and they backed down Ken also stood up to hardliners of his government who wanted to invade as it showed that it wldnt have been worth it BUT Kennedy did back down and take American missiles off turkey and annoyed NATO cos it was their decision He had to accept Cuba as comm

Question 29

Outcome for Khrushchev

Answer 29

Showed him as peacemaker Kept Cuba safe Got American missiles away from turkey Crisis exposed America to its allies like brit newspapers called them hypocrites Had no impact on missile gap Everyone upset he withdraw soldiers humiliated when missiles counted on ships In 1964 khrushchec was removed from power and missile crisis contributed to that

Question 30

Outcomes for cold wars

Answer 30

Helped thaw relations Both leaders saw how close it gone to destruction Following year test ban treaty signed For the rest of the Cold War the superpowers avoided direct confrontation and went thru allies where possible

Question 31

What was the test van treaty of 1963

Answer 31

USA and USSR both signed it Limited tests of nuclear weapons but didn't entirely stop their production Important step forward

Question 32

Outcomes for Cuba

Answer 32

Stayed comm Important base Helped comm side in a civil war in Angola in the 1970s Highly armed