Cultural Competence & Critical Thinking: Week 1

Question 1

Acculturation

Answer 1

The process through which an individual or group transitions from one culture to develop the traits of another culture.

Question 2

Assimilation

Answer 2

The process in which an individual adapts to the host’s cultural values and no longer prefers the traditions, values, and beliefs of the culture of origin.

Question 3

Culture

Answer 3

Integrated patterns of human behavior that include the language, thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups.

Question 4

Culturally congruent care

Answer 4

Care that fits people’s valued life patterns and sets of meanings generated from the people themselves. Sometimes this differs from the professionals’ perspective on care.

Question 5

Health disparity

Answer 5

Preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to achieve optimal health that are experienced by socially and economically disadvantaged populations.

Question 6

Health literacy

Answer 6

Patients’ reading and mathematics skills, comprehension, ability to make health-related decisions, and successful functioning as a consumer of health care.

Question 7

Intersectionality

Answer 7

Way of understanding and analyzing our complex world by looking at the human experience. Often used as a research and policy model to study the complexities of people’s lives and experiences.

Question 8

Marginalized groups

Answer 8

More likely to have poor health outcomes and die earlier because of a complex interaction among their individual behaviors, environment of the communities in which they live, the policies and practices of health care and governmental systems, and clinical care they receive

Question 9

Oppression

Answer 9

Formal and informal system of advantages and disadvantages tied to membership in social groups, reinforced by societal norms, biases, interactions, and beliefs

Question 10

Racial identity

Answer 10

Based on one’s self-identification with one or more social groups in which a common heritage with a particular racial group is shared

Question 11

Social determinants of health

Answer 11

Include a variety of social, commercial, cultural, economic, environmental, and political factors that affect health inequalities

Question 12

Unconscious/implicit bias

Answer 12

A bias that an individual is unaware of and that happens outside his or her control; it is influenced by personal background, cultural environment, and personal experiences.

Question 13

Stereotype

Answer 13

Generalizations that are made about individuals without further assessment.

Question 14

Clinical decision making

Answer 14

Problem-solving approach that nurses use to define patient problems and select appropriate treatment.

Question 15

Clinical judgement

Answer 15

A conclusion about a patient’s needs or health problems and/or the decisions to take or avoid action, use or modify standard approaches, or create new approaches based on the patient’s response

Question 16

Critical thinking

Answer 16

The ability to think in a systematic and logical manner with openness to question and reflect on the reasoning process

Question 17

Evidenced-based knowledge

Answer 17

Knowledge based on research or clinical expertise, makes nurses better informed critical thinkers

Question 18

Nursing process

Answer 18

Framework necessary for critical thinking in the application of the five-step nursing process: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation

Question 19

Clinical judgement model

Answer 19

Framework for the valid measurement of clinical judgment and decision making

Question 20

Scientific method

Answer 20

Codified sequence of steps used in the formulation, testing, evaluation, and reporting of scientific ideas.