Cultural Variations in Attachment

Question 1

Van Ijzendoorn - Kroonenberg’s aim

Answer 1

To investigate the proportions of secure, insecure avoidant and insecure resistant

Question 2

Van Ijzendoorn+ Kroonenberg’s procedure

Answer 2

A meta analysis of 32 studies from 8 different countries (15 in the US)

Question 3

Van Ijzendoorn + Kroonenberg’s findings

Answer 3

In all countries, SA was most common, the variation varied from 75% in Britain to 50% in China

IR was overall the least common type, proportions ranged from 3% in Britain to 30% in Israel

IA was observed most in Germany, least in Japan

Variations between results in the same country were 150% more than those between countries

Question 4

Van Ijzendoorn + Kroonenberg’s conclusion

Answer 4

DA seems to be the norm in many cultures, supporting Bowlby’s theory that attachment is innate and this type is the universal norm.