culture Flashcards
(29 cards)
what is sociology?
the scientific study of society and human behaviour
what is society?
a group of people who share a culture and live more or less together
who coined the term sociology?
August’s Comte
what is material culture?
the physical things people create
what is non-materialistic culture?
the ideas people share
what is social construction?
any idea that is created and given meaning by people
what are collectivist cultures?/what do they do
they emphasise the importance of living as a group
what are individualistic cultures?
emphasise personal freedom and choice
how do we learn culture?
formally- institution
informally- relative
what are sanctions/what do they do?
they are positive or negative reactions
they help establish social control
what are ‘norms’
social expectations
what are values?
things we regard as important
what is the sociological perspective ?
the view that our social backgrounds influence are attitudes and behaviours
who coined the term ‘sociological imagination’?
C. Wright Mills
what is empiricism?
a theory stating that knowledge comes from sensory experience
What is nativism?
The extreme argument that the social characteristics of people have arisen through evolution
What are mores?
Ways of behaving that are seen as moral (good)
What is formal control?
The process where people are deliberately and consciously manipulated to ensure they learn to follow certain rules
What informal control?
People learn what is seen as acceptable behaviour and their own place in society
What are deviants?
People who break moral codes
Hoe do we learn our culture?
Through socialisation
~primary socialisation
~secondary socialisation
What are roles?
Parts that we play in our life’s they are determined by expectations of behaviour
What is a sub-culture?
A category of people who share distinguishing attributes, beliefs values and/or norms that set them apart in some significant manner from the dominant culture
What is counter culture?
A group that strongly rejects dominant societal values and norms and seeks alternative lifestyles
