Culture & Health Beh Flashcards
What is culture?
- System of ideas and values
- consciously and unconsciously used in every day lives
- influence on beliefs, behaviours, perceptions, emotions, attitudes to illness/pain/misfortune
How does culture affect health?
- Normative health beliefs & attitudes
- Lifestyle beh
- social drug cultures
- alcohol - Response to symps and illnesses
- adoption of sick role (a set of socially & culturally driven attitudes toward illness that influence if the patient will seek for help or will adhere to prescription) - Communication patterns
- Status
- socially inequality
- social class
Lower SES & health:
- Lower SES tends to plan only for short term
- treatment > prevention
- difference in life priorities (earn money)
- involved in high risk behaviours (teen preg, subs abuse)
- adherence (finance, time)
Cultural awareness:
- aware of cultural diff
- conscious of similarities & contrasts among diff cultures
- affects diff people’s approach to health, illness & healing
Cultural sensitivity:
- aware of and understands OWN culture that may affect approach to patients
- eg. Own views on abortion
Cultural competence:
- attitudes, knowledge and skills of practitioners
- to become effective healthcare providers
- patients from diverse backgrounds
- to ensure patients feel safe & communicating effectively
- respects diversity in society
Cultural safety:
- patient’s feelings in the healthcare encounter
* ability to keep differing perspective in mind while treating patients as a person worthy of respect
Healthcare provider is practising in a culturally safe manner when:
- Patients’ concerns were understood
- Trusting relationship is formed
- Patients felt respected & empowered
- Patients’ cultures & knowledge acknowledged
Cultural blindness:
• attempt to be unbiased by ignoring the fact of a person’s race
Culture’s influence on perception of other:
- Ethnocentrism
- Cultural blindness
- Culture shock
- Cultural conflict
- Stereotyping
Individualism:
- values autonomy
- emotional independence
- right to privacy
- financial security
- weak ties to group
Collectivism:
- values of sharing
- emotional interdependence
- mutual obligations
- group decision-making
Ethnicity vs Race:
Ethnicity:
• collective identity
• combo of race, religion, history
• shared values, norms, ideas (not physical characteristics)
Race:
• shared genetically transmitted physical characteristics
Autonomy support vs Autonomous motivation:
Support: “Doc listens to how i would like to do things”
Motivation: “improving my health is something i do by my own choice”
Patient-centered consultation:
- help patient to clarify his concern
- find relevant info
- offer negotiation process
- invite patient to participate in decision-making
