Culture in the Third Reich as a Means of Control

Question 1

what was the main aims of Nazi propaganda?

Answer 1

• win the hearts and minds of the people
• indoctrinate people with their Weltanschauung (worldview), seeking to turn them into committed members of the Volksgemeinschaft (People’s community)

Question 2

What kinds of art did Nazis dismiss as ‘degenerate’ and ‘un-German’?

Answer 2

Bauhaus architecture and abstract art

Question 3

What was the ‘Fuhrer Cult’?

Answer 3

The glorification of Adolf Hitler by focusing on his supposedly heroic and superhuman qualities

Question 4

What kind of literature that thrived in the WR?

Answer 4

Communist and pacifist

Question 5

Eg. of communist and pacifist artists

Answer 5

• Communist playwright Bertholdt Brecht

- pacifist author Erich Maria Remarque

Question 6

Nazis wanted to pay homage to past heroes such as who?

Answer 6

Frederick the Great, 18th century gifted military leader and king of Prussia

Question 7

When was the Reich Ministry of Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda (RMVP) established?

Answer 7

March 1933

Question 8

Who was minister of the RMVP?

Answer 8

Josef Goebbels

Question 9

When and who by was the Reich Chamber of Culture set up?

Answer 9

September 1933 by Goebbels

Question 10

What were the seven sub chambers of the Reich Chamber of Culture?

Answer 10

• fine arts
• music
• theatre
• press
• radio
• literature
• film

Question 11

What did the Reich Chamber of Culture do? (3)

Answer 11

• exercised control of artistic life
• compulsory membership for those involved in culture
• those seen as extolling non-Nazi views banned. Some fled abroad and other stayed quiet.

Question 12

What did Nazis expect artists and writers to do?

Answer 12

commit themselves to moulding the people’s collective minds

Question 13

Art presented heroic idealisations such as…

Answer 13

a healthy peasant, brave warrior or productive woman

Question 14

Nazi art was conservative and often copied earlier works eg.

Answer 14

Arthur Kampf’s Venus and Adonis that was copied from 16th and 18th century paintings

Question 15

When was the House of German Art set up?

Answer 15

1937

Question 16

The HOuse of German Art held what exhibition?

Answer 16

Munich Exhibition of Great German Art

Question 17

What did the Munich Exhibition of Great German Art include art with scenes of…

Answer 17

Scenes of - rural life

              - valour on the battlefield
              - aryan master race

Question 18

Same day as the Munich Exhibition of Great German Art was another exhibition showcasing what

Answer 18

degenerate art

Question 19

How many showed up to the ‘Degenerate’ art show compared to the Great German Art show?

Answer 19

Over 2million at degenerate art compared to 600 000 Great G Art

Question 20

1935 how many art exhibitions were there in factories

Answer 20

over 120

Question 21

1941 how many factory art exhibitions were there?

Answer 21

over 1000

Question 22

When were there over 120 factory art exhibitions?

Answer 22

1935

Question 23

When were there over 1000 Art exhibitions factory?

Answer 23

1941

Question 24

Eg. exhibition titles (2_

Answer 24

‘Blood and Soil’ and ‘The autobahns of Hitler’

Question 25

What were NAzi sculptures like?

Answer 25

Portrayed NAzi ideals in perfect but lifeless representations of physically perfect Germans

Question 26

What year did Hitler order all public buildings to display sculptures typifying NAzi ideals?

Answer 26

1934

Question 27

What sculptors did Hitler favour (2)?

Answer 27

Arno Breker and Josef Thorak

Question 28

What were Hitler's favoured sculptors provided with and why?

Answer 28

Studios to mass produce sculptures of healthy, virile young aryans and powerful animals like eagles to spread a message of superiority, purity and power

Question 29

How did HItler describe the power of architecture?

Answer 29

"the word in stone"

Question 30

What kind of style were Nazi buildings?

Answer 30

Neo-classical, monumental styles

Question 31

Hitler wanted to create an architectural project called

Answer 31

'The thousand year reich"

Question 32

What did the thousand year reich mean to Hitler?

Answer 32

Had impressive public puildinfs and remained a major pre-occupation of Hiyler even in final days of war

Question 33

Who was Albert Speer?

Answer 33

Hitler's personal architect and General Architectural Inspector of the Reich 1937

Question 34

What major thing did Albert Speer build?

Answer 34

Olympic Stadium for the Berlin Olympics of 1936

Question 35

In 1what year did the NAzis close down the Bauhaus Art Show by who

Answer 35

1933 by Gropius

Question 36

When was the major book-burning ceremony in Berlin?

Answer 36

MAy 1933

Question 37

wHat did Nazis expect of novelists?

Answer 37

TO promote NAzi ideals or at least be neutral

Question 38

Give two eggs of book authors that were banned?

Answer 38

HG Wells and Hemingway

Question 39

How many copies did Mein Kampf sell as th best-selling book?

Answer 39

Over 6 million

Question 40

What did Nazis use music for?

Answer 40

Stirring music and tales of German heroes used in music to stir up patriotic emotions esp in marches and rallies.

Question 41

Who were Hitler's favourite composers (3) who got special attention?

Answer 41

Wagner, Strauss and Bruckner

Question 42

What was Bayreuth?

Answer 42

A festival promoted by Hitler which was dedicated to Wagner's Operas

Question 43

What kind of music was banned? (2)

Answer 43

Black Jazz and Jewish composers

Question 44

eg. banned Jewish Composer

Answer 44

Mendelssohn

Question 45

What kind of theatrical pieces were preferred by the Nazis?

Answer 45

Historical dramas and light entertainment

Question 46

Who often organised theatre production?

Answer 46

KdF

Question 47

eg. of a Nazi theatrical piece

Answer 47

'Thingspielen' which was a new drama glorifying Germany's pagan past

Question 48

What organisation kept a register of accepted editors and journalists?

Answer 48

Reich Association of the German Press

Question 49

What was the NAzi-controlled News agency called

Answer 49

DNB

Question 50

HOw much Newspaper content did the DNB pprovide

Answer 50

about half

Question 51

Each morning, the propaganda ministry told newspapers...

Answer 51

which stories and headlines to use

Question 52

What was the Editor Law of October 1933?

Answer 52

Editors were now responsible for infringement go government directives and it was considered treason to spread false rumours

Question 53

News became dull and overall newspaper circulation dropped by ---

Answer 53

10%

Question 54

what org took over German Radio

Answer 54

Reich Radio Company

Question 55

The Reich Radio company dismissed how much staff on what grounds

Answer 55

13% staff on political/racial grounds

Question 56

What year did Hitler make 50 speeches?

Answer 56

1933

Question 57

What ere people's receivers

Answer 57

Radios that were produced cheaply and received only NAzi broadcasts

Question 58

By what year did 70% households own a people's receiver?

Answer 58

1939

Question 59

What body regulated the content of foreign and home grown films?

Answer 59

Reich Film Chamber

Question 60

HOW many feature films were produced during the regime

Answer 60

over 1000

Question 61

what kind of films did Goebbels like to make

Answer 61

adventures, comedies and romances

Question 62

Famous Nazi Germany film director

Answer 62

Leni Riefenstahl

Question 63

What did Leni Riefenstahl do

Answer 63

Film director who recorded imp occasions and speeches

Question 64

What was Riefenstahl's most famous propaganda film

Answer 64

'Triumph of the Will' which celebrated the Aug 1934 Nuremberg Rally

Question 65

In 1940 how many antisemitic films were produced eg

Answer 65

3 incl The Eternal Jew