Cumulative Vocabulary Review Flashcards
(57 cards)
Applied
The intervention must be applied to socially significant behaviors requiring change
Behavioral
Must be observable and measurable
Generativity
The behavior continues after the withdrawal of intervention and occurs in other settings/situations
Effective
The intervention is demonstrated through visual analysis of data to have produced positive results
Technological
The intervention is described and clear and precise terms
Conceptual
Interventions must be based on the principles of behavior and to the extent available, empirical data (literature/research)
Analytic
Demonstrating a functional relation between the intervention and the behavior, demonstration of control of the behavior by the intervention
Principles of Behavior
Derived from Operant Conditioning Theory (Developed by Skinner)
Learning occurs through experiences and the interaction with variables in the environment (Antecedents & Consequences)
Learning occurs through reinforcement and punishment
Applied Behavior Analysis
The process of applying sometimes tentative principles of behavior to the improvement of specific behaviors and simultaneously evaluating whether or not any changes noted are indeed attributable to the process of application
Radical Behaviorism
Skinner’s “far-reaching” form of behaviorism that includes both “public” and “private” behaviors
Methodological Behaviorism
A philosophical position in which behavioral events that cannot be observed are not behaviors
Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB)
Founded by Skinner; A natural science focusing on studying operant behavior as a subject matter, using single-subject experimental designs rather than group designs to measure behavior as a dependent variable
Behaviorism
Philosophy of science focused on observable and measurable phenomena
Pragmatism
The notion that a question is only worth pursuing if the answer to it would change our knowledge of the world
To be pragmatic is to explore answers to questions for which the answers would improve someone’s circumstances
Realism
The view of the world that assumes only the natural world, which presupposes an absolute truth
“View of the world that assumes a real-world to exist apart from our perceptions”
Mentalism
The assumption of an “inner” dimension as the explanation of behavior
Describing behavior as having non-physical, mental cause
Determinism
The assumption that the universe is a lawful and orderly place in which phenomena occur in relation to other events, not in an accidental fashion
- There are always causes of behavior
- All actions are the result of heredity or environmental factors
Explanatory Fiction
A fictitious variable, often another name for an observable behavior, which implies an inner cause for the behavior
Mental events used to explain behavior
Private Event
An event that can only be observed and verified by the individual performing the behavior
Public Event
An event observed by another person
Natural Event
An event that is locatable in time and space in the natural world
Explained by other natural events
Operant Conditioning
- Learning of “voluntary” responses/behaviors
- Learning takes place through consequences that follow the behavior
- 3-term contingency
Classical Conditioning
In classical (respondent) conditioning, the response is involuntary for the individual, such as breathing or sweating
Created by Ivan Pavlov
New reflex would form that is conditional upon experience (eg. salivating when smelling your favorite food)
Conditioned Stimulus
A formerly neutral stimulus that, after being associated with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to produce a conditioned response.
Example: If the sound of a whistle is paired with the smell of food multiple times, the whistle can eventually trigger hunger.
