Curriculum

Question 1

What does the term curriculum refer to?

Answer 1

The lessons and academic content taught in a school or in a specific course or program

Curriculum includes knowledge and skills students are expected to learn.

Question 2

What components typically make up a curriculum?

Answer 2

• Learning standards or objectives
• Units and lessons
• Assignments and projects
• Books and materials
• Tests and assessments

Curriculum elements may vary based on educational context.

Question 3

How do teachers typically develop their curricula?

Answer 3

Teachers often refine their own curricula or adapt existing lessons created by others

They may also use curriculum templates or purchase prepackaged curricula.

Question 4

What is curriculum alignment?

Answer 4

The practice of bringing teaching activities and course expectations into alignment with learning standards and other courses

This process aims to create a more consistent academic program.

Question 5

What is a common reform strategy related to curriculum?

Answer 5

Adoption of new learning standards at various educational levels

This often leads teachers to modify their curriculum to align with the new standards.

Question 6

True or False: Curriculum standardization aims to increase teaching quality through greater curricular consistency.

Answer 6

True

The goal is to improve school performance by applying sound principles consistently.

Question 7

Fill in the blank: Curriculum scripting is often referred to as _______.

Answer 7

scripted curriculum

This form of curriculum requires teachers to follow a specific sequence and read from a script.

Question 8

What is the purpose of assessment requirements in curriculum reform?

Answer 8

To compel teachers to teach the content and skills that will be evaluated

Standardized testing often influences curriculum due to pressure on teachers.

Question 9

What does curriculum philosophy reflect?

Answer 9

The educational philosophy of the educators who developed it

Changes in curriculum often stem from adopting different teaching philosophies.

Question 10

What are curriculum packages?

Answer 10

Pre-developed curricula adopted by schools from external organizations

Examples include the International Baccalaureate programs.

Question 11

How can curriculum resources affect teaching?

Answer 11

They influence what gets taught and how teachers teach

Examples include textbooks and technology purchases.

Question 12

What is the Common Core State Standards Initiative?

Answer 12

A national effort to influence curriculum design and teaching quality through new learning standards

It is one example of a standards requirement reform.

Question 13

What is the rationale behind scripted curricula?

Answer 13

To assure or improve teaching quality across a school or educational system

It provides a high-quality curriculum script for all teachers to follow.

Question 14

What is ‘teaching to the test’?

Answer 14

A phenomenon where teachers focus on content likely to be tested to improve student performance

This often arises from high-stakes testing pressures.

Question 15

What does curriculum mapping aim to eliminate?

Answer 15

Learning gaps between sequential courses and grade levels

It ensures that important content is consistently taught.

Question 16

What is the effect of professional development on curriculum?

Answer 16

It helps teachers use new resources effectively

Investment in training is crucial for successful curriculum implementation.

Question 17

True or False: Curriculum can encompass academic requirements for graduation.

Answer 17

True

This includes required courses, credits, and additional projects or community service.

Question 18

What is the origin of the term curriculum?

Answer 18

The term curriculum originates from the oval track used for chariot racing in ancient Rome

Question 19

What is a major focus for today’s educational leaders regarding curriculum?

Answer 19

Creating and implementing curriculum that aligns with student needs and improves learning outcomes

Question 20

What do curriculum theorists believe about the relationship between theory and practice?

Answer 20

Theory and practice should be connected

Question 21

What non-traditional learning environments are being considered by curriculum theorists?

Answer 21

Museums, community centers, and various locales (virtual or real)

Question 22

What did Dwayne Huebner say about the term curriculum?

Answer 22

He ascribed ambiguity and a lack of precision to the term

Question 23

How did Madeleine R. Grumet describe curriculum in 1988?

Answer 23

As a ‘field of utter confusion’

Question 24

What is the perspective of curriculum as noted by Herbert K. Kliebard?

Answer 24

The American curriculum is an assemblage of competing doctrines and practices

Question 25

What significant development affected curriculum in the US?

Answer 25

The implementation of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS)

Question 26

In what year were the CCSS implemented in 45 states?

Answer 26

2010

Question 27

What is the real curriculum as observed in classrooms?

Answer 27

The interpretation of the curriculum through instruction

Question 28

What is the difference between curriculum and instruction?

Answer 28

Curriculum is the 'what' and instruction is the 'how'

Question 29

What do state professional licensure documents set for educators?

Answer 29

Professional standards

Question 30

Is there a certifiable field specifically called curriculum?

Answer 30

No, there is generally not a certifiable field labeled curriculum

Question 31

What can curriculum undergo in terms of processes?

Answer 31

It can be built, planned, designed, constructed, improved, revised, and evaluated

Question 32

What is the implication of the Common Core on public school curriculum?

Answer 32

It may have become less creative and more straightforward

Question 33

How can curriculum be interpreted according to philosophical beliefs?

Answer 33

It can be seen as a set of subjects, a program of study, a sequence of courses, etc.

Question 34

What is the difference between official and hidden curriculum?

Answer 34

Official curriculum refers to standards taught, while hidden curriculum includes other experiences in school

Question 35

What did Franklin Bobbitt define curriculum as in 1918?

Answer 35

A series of things children must do to develop abilities for adult life

Question 36

How did Hollis L. Caswell and Doak S. Campbell define curriculum?

Answer 36

All the experiences children have under the guidance of teachers

Question 37

What did Ralph W. Tyler emphasize in his writings about curriculum?

Answer 37

Educational objectives that represent behavior changes sought in students

Question 38

What did Hilda Taba state about curriculum in 1962?

Answer 38

A curriculum is a plan for learning that includes goals, content, and assessment

Question 39

How did Robert M. Gagné define curriculum?

Answer 39

As subject matter, statement of ends, sequencing of content, and preassessment of entry skills

Question 40

What did Mauritz Johnson Jr. agree with regarding curriculum?

Answer 40

It is a structured series of intended learning outcomes

Question 41

How did Albert I. Oliver categorize curriculum?

Answer 41

As an educational program divided into four basic elements

Question 42

Fill in the blank: The curriculum is built, planned, designed, and _______.

Answer 42

constructed

Question 43

True or False: The curriculum includes only academic subjects.

Answer 43

False

Question 44

What is curriculum?

Answer 44

Curriculum is that which is taught in school.

Question 45

Curriculum is a set of _______.

Answer 45

subjects or content areas.

Question 46

Curriculum is a program or _______.

Answer 46

course of study.

Question 47

Curriculum is a set of materials and _______.

Answer 47

resources.

Question 48

Curriculum is a sequence of _______.

Answer 48

courses.

Question 49

Curriculum is a set of performance _______.

Answer 49

standards.

Question 50

Curriculum encompasses everything that goes on both _______ and otherwise.

Answer 50

academic, social.

Question 51

Curriculum includes that which is officially taught both inside of school and _______.

Answer 51

outside of school.

Question 52

Curriculum is everything that is planned by _______.

Answer 52

school personnel.

Question 53

Curriculum is a series of _______ undergone by learners in school.

Answer 53

experiences.

Question 54

What are the two terms used synonymously to refer to curriculum objectives?

Answer 54

Curriculum objectives and standards ## Footnote Educational organizations may use one or both terms.

Question 55

Who advocated for educational objectives to be written in behavioral terms?

Answer 55

Tyler ## Footnote This advocacy occurred in the mid-twentieth century.

Question 56

According to W. James Popham and Eva L. Baker, what is curriculum?

Answer 56

All the planned learning outcomes for which the school is responsible ## Footnote Reference: Popham & Baker, 1970, p. 48.

Question 57

What are behavioral objectives also known as?

Answer 57

Performance or operational objectives ## Footnote They are effectively instructional objectives.

Question 58

What constitutes the curriculum according to proponents of behavioral objectives?

Answer 58

The sum of all instructional objectives ## Footnote This includes all behavioral objectives from programs and learning experiences.

Question 59

How does the text distinguish between curriculum goals and curriculum objectives?

Answer 59

Curriculum goals are overarching ideas; curriculum objectives are standards ## Footnote Instructional goals and objectives are also defined differently.

Question 60

What are learning targets derived from?

Answer 60

Essential questions or big ideas and from overarching ideas and standards ## Footnote Both standards and learning targets can be stated in behavioral terms.

Question 61

What is the traditional term for 'mission or purpose' in standards based academic language?

Answer 61

Aims ## Footnote This is shown in Table 1.1.

Question 62

What does formative assessment refer to?

Answer 62

An informal or formal check on progress towards a standard, goal, or learning target to inform instruction ## Footnote It is distinct from summative assessment.

Question 63

What is the difference between summative assessment and formative assessment?

Answer 63

Summative assessment measures progress toward proficiency on a standard, goal, or learning target ## Footnote Formative assessment is ongoing and informs instruction.

Question 64

What is perceived as the official curriculum in this text?

Answer 64

A plan or program for all the experiences that the learner encounters under instructional leadership ## Footnote This includes curriculum objectives or standards.

Question 65

What does the official curriculum include?

Answer 65

Curriculum objectives or standards that students are expected to master ## Footnote These are often metrics for educator accountability.

Question 66

What may the curriculum consist of?

Answer 66

* A unit * A course * A sequence of courses * Entire program of studies ## Footnote It can be encountered inside or outside of class or school.

Question 67

True or False: The official curriculum encompasses all experiences students have during their education.

Answer 67

False ## Footnote The official curriculum is specifically defined and does not include all extensions or experiences.