CV & Renal: Hyperlipidemia Drugs Flashcards
(25 cards)
Which drug?
- ↑ LDL Receptor Expression
- ↓ Plasma LDL by 20-40%
- DOC to ↓LDL
Statins
This hyperlipidemia medication has the following effects:
↓LDL
↓ TGs
↑ HDL
Other cardioprotective effects:
↓ CRP, Lipoprotein Oxidation, Platelet Aggregation
↑ Plaque Stability
Statins
What are 2 contraindications/precautions for statin use?
Pregnancy
Active Liver Disease
What increases statin concentration?
P450 inhibitors increase statin concentration
Which drug inhibits statin metabolism?
Gemfibrozil
Describe the dosing of atorvastatin for high-risk ASCVD patients…
high intensity dose
Which two statins are prodrugs that must be hydrolyzed to active form and therefore should be taken in the evening
lovastatin and simvastatin
Which hyperlipidemia drug has the following characteristics?
Effective at lowering LDL
LDL ↓ by 20%
safe in pregnancy
Bile acid sequestrants
Which drug is a bile acid sequestrant?
cholestyramine
Which drug impairs the absorption of…
Digitalis Thiazides Statins Tetracycline Thyroxine ASA
Cholestyramine
Which hyperlipidemia drug has the following adverse effects?
Constipation & Bloating
Steatorrhea
Rare hypoprothrombinemia w/ vit. K malabsorption
cholestyramine
This drug is the most effective agent at increasing HDL
Niacin
What can moderate the cutaneous vasodilation induced by niacin?
ASA
the following are mild adverse effects of…
Cutaneous Vasodilation
NV, GI
↑ LFTs → Impaired glucose tolerance
Rare: Hepatotoxicity
niacin
describe the size of dose of niacin
gram range dosage
This drug is useful in hypertriglyceridemia, and can reduce TGs by 40-50%
Gemfibrozil (fibrates)
Which drug has the following mechanism?
↑ LPL Receptors and Genes involved in fatty acid oxidation
Binds PPAR-Alpha Ligand, a nuclear receptor
Gemfibrozil
What are two unique adverse effects of gemfibrozil?
risk of cholelithiasis
increased LDL in combined hyperlipidemia
does cholestyramine have any effect in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia?
no
Which drug blocks intestinal cholesterol absorption?
ezetimibe
Ezetimibe has what three effects?
Moderate ↓LDL (18%)
Synergistic in-combo with statin
No known adverse effects
Is there evidence that shows ezetimibe reduces CV mortality?
no
Which drugs are PCSK9 inhibitors?
Alirocumab (Praluent), Evolocuman (Repatha)
What are three features of PCSK9 inhibitors?
↓ Plasma LDL
No determined effect on mortality
No adverse effects
