CVR 23 ventilation Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in CVR 23 ventilation Deck (22)
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1
Q

What are the processes of ventilation

A

external - exchange of oxygen and c02 between body and external environement

Internal - uptake of oxygen by cells and release of c02

2
Q

Intracellular takes plaec where

A

mitochondria

3
Q

What is the mucoculiary clearance system

A

below larynx, protecting by trapping and removing inhaled pathogens with cilia and mucus and moving in coordinated wave like movements

4
Q

Contents of extra and intra thoracic

A

extra - nasals, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea

5
Q

What does the larynx do?

A

ensures air travels to the lung and not the stomach

6
Q

What is ficks law of diffusion?

A

the greater the surface area and the shorter the distance the greater the rate of diffusion

7
Q

dimensions of alveoli

A

.2 mm 300 million in lungs surface area of 80 m2

8
Q

How does gas move in the alveoli

A

diffusion

9
Q

How long does it take to reach equilibrium

A

1 sec

10
Q

Boyles law

A

BOYLE’S LAW:
“For a fixed mass of enclosed gas at constant temperature, the product of the pressure (P) and volume (V) remains constant.”

11
Q

Which is greater pleural or pulmonary pressure

A

pulmonary pressure

12
Q

8 events of inspiration

A
muscles contract
diameter of thoracic cage increases
intrapleural pressure goes negative
trnasmural pressure increases causing alveoli to open
infra alveoli pressure falls
air flows
tidal volume is added to resting volume
equilibrium
13
Q

Name the primary inspiratory muscles

A

diaphragm and external intercostals

14
Q

Name the air way inspiratory muscles

A

laryngeal, pharyngeal and genioglossus

15
Q

What happens to the diaphragm?

A

Dome shaped, flattens upon contraction and descends. Intercostals lift ribs up and out

16
Q

What are the accessory muscles

A

scalene and SCM which raises sternum - used in exercise and disease (bronchitis, asthma, pmphysema COPD

17
Q

What controls passive expiration

A

passive at rest, relaxation of inspiratory muscles

18
Q

Whats involved in the active expiration

A

contraction of abdominals and intercostals - used when coughing sneezing exercise screaming

19
Q

What does spirometry do

A

all lung volumes

20
Q

What does plethymography do

A

measures volunmes not interacting with the atmosphere

21
Q

What can spirometer not measure

A

RV, FRC, TLC

22
Q

What is the FEV

A

forced expiratory volume