CVS

Question 1

Blood flow in the vessels is crucial for delivering oxygen and nutrients, and this flow is driven by pressure gradients. How does laminar blood flow normally occur?
a) From areas of low pressure to high pressure.
b) From areas of high resistance to low resistance.
c) From areas of low friction to high friction.
d) From areas of high pressure to low pressure

Answer 1

d) From areas of high pressure to low pressure

Question 2

A blood vessel is described as a “distributing vessel”. Based on the source information, which of the following statements BEST describes this vessel?
a) It is an elastic artery that ensures continuous blood flow.
b) It is a muscular artery that has a diameter of 1cm-0.3mm.
c) It is a vein responsible for returning blood to the heart.
d) It is a capillary involved in the exchange of substances with tissues.

Answer 2

b) It is a muscular artery that has a diameter of 1cm-0.3mm.

Question 3

When looking at an ECG you notice the P wave. Based on your understanding of the electrical and mechanical events of the heart, what physiological event is MOST likely to follow the P wave?
a) Ventricular contraction
b) Atrial repolarisation
c) Ventricular depolarization
d) Atrial contraction

Answer 3

d) Atrial contraction

Question 4

A researcher is studying the electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells. They notice that a particular cell is unable to be restimulated for an unusually long period. What is the MOST likely explanation for this?
a) The cell is in a state of rapid depolarisation. b) The cell is exhibiting a prolonged absolute refractory period.
c) The cell has a reduced number of gap junctions.
d) The cell has a decreased calcium influx.

Answer 4

b) The cell is exhibiting a prolonged absolute refractory period.