CVS

Question 1

Precordium

Answer 1

vertically from 2nd-5th ICS and transversely from right border of sternum to LMCL

Question 2

Base

Answer 2

R and L 2nd ICS close to sternum

Question 3

Apex

Answer 3

5th ICS
1-2 cm median to MCL
7-9 cm lateral to MSL

Question 4

R border of the heart and the chamber

Answer 4

3rd ICC 2 cm lateral to the sternum down to the 6th Right CCJ

Right atrium

Question 5

L border of the heart and the chamber

Answer 5

apex to the 2nd L ICC9 1-2 cm to the left of its articulation with the sternum

Left ventricle and superiorly by the left atrium

Question 6

Inferior border of the heart and the chamber

Answer 6

6th R CCJ to the 5th ICS 1-2 cm median to the MCL

Right ventricle

Question 7

Aortic

Answer 7

2nd LCS Right PSL

Question 8

Pulmonic

Answer 8

2nd ICS Left PSL

Question 9

Triscuspid

Answer 9

4th-5th ICS left lower sternal border (left xiphisternal junction

Question 10

Mitral

Answer 10

5th left ICS median to MCL

Question 11

S1 and S2

Answer 11

closure of Atrioventricular valves M1 T1

closure of semilunar valves A2 P2

Question 12

S3 and S4

Answer 12

ventricular filling (gallop)
atrial contraction

Question 13

Chest pain that improves when leaning forward

Answer 13

pericarditions

Question 14

Exertional pain radiating to the left sode of the neck

Answer 14

angina pectoris

Question 15

sharp pain radiating to the back or into the neck

Answer 15

aortic dissection

Question 16

transient skips and flipflops

Answer 16

premature contractions

Question 17

rapid regular rate more than 100 but less than 120 bpm

Answer 17

sinus tacchycardia

Question 18

paroxysmal noctural dsypnea suggestd

Answer 18

Left ventricular heart failure or mitral stenosis

Question 19

central cyanosis is significant in

Answer 19

right-to-left- shunting at the level of the heart or lung

Question 20

ventricular septal defect, partial obstruction of right ventricular outflow and pulmonary valve

Answer 20

tetralogy of falot

Question 21

AKA peripheral cyanosis, small vessel contriction

Answer 21

acrocyanosis

Question 22

cyanosis seen in Patent ductus arteriosus with right-to–left shunting( reversal of shunting)

Answer 22

Differential cyanosis

Question 23

what is differential cyanosis

Answer 23

cyanosis of the lower but not the upper extremetries

Question 24

defect at the descending aorta and pumonary artery

Answer 24

patent ductus arteriosus

Question 25

lesions seen in infective endocarditis

Answer 25

Osler's node, Janeway lesions, splinter hemorrhages

Question 26

Janeway's lesion

Answer 26

nontender, slighly raised hemorrhage at the palms or sole

Question 27

Osler's nodes

Answer 27

tender, raised nodule on the pad;s of fingers

Question 28

sign to check for clubbing of fingers

Answer 28

Schamroth sign's

Question 29

Schamroth's sign seen in

Answer 29

central right-to-left shunting and endocarditis

Question 30

Unoppsed fingerized thumb is found in what defect and associated with what disease

Answer 30

Atrial septal defect seen inHolt-Oram Syndrome

Question 31

positive wrist sign is seen in what defect

Answer 31

arachinodactyly or spider fingers

Question 32

positive thumb sign is seen in what disease

Answer 32

Marfan Syndrome

Question 33

Marfan Syndrome is associated with what heart defects

Answer 33

Mitral Valve Prolapse and Aortic aneurysm

Question 34

prolonged y descend is associated with what defect

Answer 34

triscupid stenosis and pericardial tamponade

Question 35

increases JVP is significant in what heat diseases

Answer 35

Right sided heart failure due to constrictive pericarditis, triscuspid failure, SVC obstruction

Question 36

prominent a wave is indicated, resistance to atrial contraction

Answer 36

triscuspid stenosis and decreased compliance in hypertrophied RV

Question 37

Cannon A wave means

Answer 37

3rd degree AV block; | right atrial contraction against closed tricuspid valve

Question 38

Absent a wave indicates

Answer 38

atrial fibrillation, no discernable p waves, irregular RR intervals

Question 39

Larger v waves indicates

Answer 39

tricuspid regurgitation

Question 40

giant cv waves

Answer 40

severe TR

Question 41

prolonged y wave

Answer 41

tricuspid stenosis and cardiac tamponade

Question 42

pulsation descends with inspirstion, rise or lack of fall of JVP with inspiration

Answer 42

kussmaul's sign