CVS Flash Cards

Question 1

What’s the MOA of LMWH?

Answer 1

Factor Xa inhibitor (vua antithrombin III)

Question 2

What’re the side effects of LMWH?

Answer 2

Bleeding

Thrombocytopenia

Osteoprosis

Alopecia

Question 3

What’re the drug interactions of LMWH?

Answer 3

Antiplateelets

NSAIDs

Question 4

What’s the MOA of NSAIDs?

Answer 4

Non-selective COX inhibition

This inhibits production of prostaglandins and thromboxans

Question 5

Adverse effects of NSAIDs

Answer 5

Gi disturbance

Renal impairments

Bronchospasm

Question 6

What’s the MOA of Clopidogrel?

Answer 6

Inhitibits binding of ADP to platelet R

Reduced expression of of GPIIb/IIIa complex

Inhibits platelet aggregation

Question 7

Cautions and Contracindications of Clopidogrel

Answer 7

Active bleeding (peptic ulcer, intracranial bleed)

Breast feeding

Question 8

What’re the adverse effects of clopidogrel?

Answer 8

Dyspepsia

Diarrhoea

Haemorrhage

Question 9

What’re the indications of Diltazem?

Answer 9

1. Arrhythmias
2. Angina
3. HTN

Question 10

What’s the MOA of Diltazem?

Answer 10

Blocks L-shaped CCBs

Rate limiting

Cardiac slowing

Question 11

What’re the cautions and contraindications of Diltazem?

Answer 11

Sick sinus syndrome

LVF

Bradycardia & HB

Question 12

What’re the adverse effecs of Diltazem?

Answer 12

Constipation

Bradycardia

Hypotension

Headache

Question 13

What’re the Cautions and Contraindications of Frusemide?

Answer 13

Hypotension

Hypovolaemia

Hypokalaemia / Hyponatraemia

Renal Failure

Question 14

What’re the indications for Nitrates?

Answer 14

1. Angina
2. LVF
3. Acute Pulomary Oedema

Question 15

What’s the MOA of nitrates?

Answer 15

Converted to nitric oxide

Increased cGMP

Causes smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation

Question 16

What’re the cautions and contraindications of nitrates?

Answer 16

Hypotension

Aortic Stenosis

Closed Angle Glaucoma

Question 17

What’re the cautions and contraindictions of ACEi?

Answer 17

Renal artery stenosis

Pregnancy

Renal Failure

Question 18

What’re the cautions and contraindications of Aspirin?

Answer 18

Active peptic ulcer

AF

<16

Question 19

What’re the adverse effects of Aspirin?

Answer 19

Bronchospasm

Peptic Ulcer

Gastric irritation

Increased bleeding time

Question 20

What’re the cautions and contraindications of Amlodipine?

Answer 20

Aortic Stenosis

Cardiogenic Shock

Unstable Angina

Question 21

What’re the adverse effects of Amlodipine?

Answer 21

Palpitations

Flushing

Oedema

Headache

Question 22

Warfarin blocks vitmain K dependent clotting factors. Which else does it also inhibit?

Answer 22

Protein C and S

Question 23

What’re the cautions and contraindications of Warfarin?

Answer 23

Peptic ulcer disease

Recent surgery

Recent Stroke

Renal / Hepatic Impairment

Pregnancy

Question 24

What’re the adverse effects of Warfarin?

Answer 24

N&V

Bleeding

Diarrhoea

Jaundice

Question 25

What're the **drug interactions** of **Warfarin**?

Answer 25

**_Increase_** * Antibiotics * Amiodarone and diuretics * Alcohol * Aspirin / clopidogrel / NSAIDs **_Decrease_** * Antiepileptics * Oestrogens and OCP

Question 26

What're the **indications** for **Spironolactone**?

Answer 26

Congestive HF Primary Hyperaldosteronism Nephrotic Syndrome

Question 27

What's the **MOA** of **Spironolactone**?

Answer 27

Aldosterone antagonist Decreased activity of Na+/K+ ATPase Increased Na+ loss, Decreased K+ loss

Question 28

What're the **cautions** and **contraindications** of **Spironolactone**?

Answer 28

Hyperkalaemia Hyponatraemia Renal Impairment

Question 29

What's the **MOA** of **Losartan**?

Answer 29

**Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker** ## Footnote Decreased afterload and decreased circulating volume. Therefore, decreased BP

Question 30

What're the **cautions** and **contraindications** of **Losartan**?

Answer 30

Renal artery stenosis Pheripheral vascular disease Pregnancy

Question 31

What're the **adverse effects** of **Losartan**?

Answer 31

Hypotension Renal impairment Hyperkalaemia Angioedema

Question 32

What's the **MOA** of **Digoxin**?

Answer 32

Inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase in the myocardium Slows conduction at the AV node

Question 33

What're the **cautions** and **contraindications** of **Digoxin**?

Answer 33

Complete and incomplete HB Wolf-parkinson white syndrome Ventricular tachycardia Myocarditis Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Question 34

What're the **adverse effects** of **Digoxin**?

Answer 34

Dizziness Blurred or yellow vision Arrhythmias / Conduction defects

Question 35

What **drugs interact** with **Digoxin**?

Answer 35

BB Diuretics Verapamil / Diltazem

Question 36

What're the **adverse effects** of **Statins**?

Answer 36

Rhabdomyolysis Hepatitis