CVS1 Flashcards
(27 cards)
What are the major components of the circulatory system
Cardiovascular system
Lymphatic system
What consist of the cardiovascular system
Heart : 4 chamber pump
Blood vessels : arteries , arterioles , capillaries , venules , and veins
What is the lymphatic system
Lymphatic vessels , lymphoid tissues , lympatjic organs (spleen , thymus , tonsils , lymph nodes)
Functions of the circulatory system
Respiration -deliver O2 to the cells and removing CO2 from them
Nutrition - carries digested food substances to the cells of the body
Waste removal - disposes waste product and poisons that would harm the body if they accumulated
Immunity and clotting - helps protect the body from diseases
Cellular communication - the circulatory system provides a mode of transport for hormones
Thermoregulation - the circulatory system transports heat (warms and cools body)
Why is the heart called a 4-chambered double pump
It consist of 2 atria and 2 ventricles
What are the 2 sides of the heart separated by
Muscular septum
How long does it take blood to circulate to the most distal extremity and back to the heart
1 minute
What is the adult heart pump at rest
5L of blood/minute
Write the differences between the right and left side of the heart
Left side carries oxygenated blood
Right side carries deoxygenated blood
Left ventricle walls are thicker
Right ventricle wall are thin
Left side has high pressure
Right side has low pressure
What is epicardium
Visceral layer of serous pericardium comprises of mesothelioma cells , fat connective tissue
What is mayocardium
Muscle layer comprised of cardiomyocytes striated in the same manner as the skeletal muscle cells - myosis fibrils
What is endocardium
Lines the inner surface of heart chamber and valves
Smooth
Disorder : infection
What is fibrous skeleton
Separates atria and ventricles
What is the cardiac cycle
Repeating pattern of the relaxation and contraction of the heart
What is a systole and diastole
Systole - contraction of the heart
Diastole -relaxation of the heart
What is a end-diastolic volume
Total volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole
What is end-systolic volume
The amount of blood left in the left ventricle after systole (1/3 of the end-diastole volume)
Explain the pressure changes during th cardiac cycle
Isovolumetric contraction -Ventricles begin contraction, pressure rises , and AV valves close(luv) , pressure builds , semilunar valves open, and blood is ejected into arteries
Pressure in ventricles falls , semilunar valves close (dub) , isovolumetric relaxation
Diacritic notch - slight inflection in pressure during isovolumetric relaxation
Pressure in ventricles falls below that of atria , and AV valve open. Ventricles fill
Atria contract , sending last of blood to ventricles
What produces the heart sound
Closing valves
What makes the lub sound
Closing AV valves , occurs at ventricular systole
What makes the dub sound
Closing of semilunar valves , occurs at ventricular diastole
What are the stethoscope positions for heart sounds
Aortic area Pulmonic area Nipple Triascupid area Biscupid area
What is stroke volume
The volume of blood that is pumped from the ventricle during systole
How do you calculate stroke volume
SV = EDV-ESV
