CWNA-108 Practice Test 1 Flashcards by Gordon Racher

An RF wave is weaker after traveling through some material in its path, what is the term used to describe what happened as the RF wave passed through the material?

Scattering

Refraction

Absorption

Reflection

Absorption

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What occurs naturally as an RF wave travels through space between antennas?

Phase altering

FSPL

Amplification

VSWR

FSPL (Free space path loss)

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What is a relative unit of measurement that allows comparison of the amplitude between two signals?

RSSI

dBm

dB (decibel)

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A AP transmits with an output power level of 25 mW and uses a 3 dBi antenna. What is the EIRP?

17 dBm

10 dBm

3 dBm

5 dBm

17 dBm

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When an RF link in a bridging implementation spans more than 7 miles, what must be considered that need not typically be considered otherwise?

SNR

FSPL

Output power

Earth bulge

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What phrase defines an Intentional Radiator?

The power provided to the antenna including radio output power and all cable and connector losses

The power output from the antenna

The power received by the receiving antenna

The power output from the radio into the RF cable

The power provided to the antenna including radio output power and all cable and connector losses

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What multi-antenna technology used at the transmitter to improve the signal received at the receiver was first introduced in 802.11n and standardized on a single option in 802.11ac?

Diversity

MRC

STBC

Transmit beamforming

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What new transmission technology was introduced in 802.11ac that allows for an AP to transmit to more than one client STA concurrently?

MRC

MIMO

TxBF

MU-MIMO

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When installing an omni-directional SISO antenna for outdoor coverage, what kind of mount is commonly used that includes u-brackets?

Pole/mast mount

Ceiling mount

Desktop mount

Wall mount

Pole/mast mount

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What organization certifies equipment to interoperate with other 802.11-based equipment?

IETF

FCC

Wi-Fi Alliance

IEEE

Wi-Fi Alliance

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When a new PHY is to be created for the 802.11 standard, what is formed first?

Draft

Proposals

Ratified amendment

Working group

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What PHY operates in 2.4 GHz and is capable of a maximum of 11 Mbps?

HR/DSSS

DSSS

ERP

HR/DSSS

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In addition to modulation, guard interval, channel width, and the number of spatial streams, what impacts the data rate according to the 802.11-2016 MCS tables?

Coding

RSSI

Noise floor

Signal strength

Coding

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What 2.4 GHz channels are available worldwide in all regulatory domains?

1 through 13

1 through 12

1 through 11

1 through 14

1 through 11

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When multiple APs are used with a shared distribution system, such as Ethernet, what kind of WLAN service set is in use?

IBSS

ESS

Mesh BSS

Ad-hoc

ESS (Extended Service Set)

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What is typically mapped to the MAC address of the AP when only a single BSS is implemented by the AP?

DSM

BSSID

ESSID

SSID

BSSID

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What kind of roaming may take place and include Layer 1 roaming?

Roaming from Wi-Fi to Token Ring

Roaming from Wi-Fi to Ethernet

Band roaming from 2.4 GHz to 5 GHz

No roaming involves Layer 1

Band roaming from 2.4 GHz to 5 GHz

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When is an authentication response frame used?

When a probe request frame is received

The 802.11 standard only specifies an authentication frame and not request and response frames for authentication

When an authentication request frame has been received

When a client accidentally disconnects from the AP

The 802.11 standard only specifies an authentication frame and not request and response frames for authentication

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What is required before a Block Acknowledgement can be used?

802.11i must be implemented in the BSS

A sounding exchange must take place

802.11g must be the active PHY

A block acknowledgement request exchange must take place

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A client STA is sending Probe Request frames on several channels. What kind of WLAN scanning is in use?

Channel pruning

Passive scanning

Active scanning

Port scanning

Active scanning

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What is the basic process of Open System authentication?

Authentication request, Probe response, Association request, Probe response

Authentication request, Authentication response, Association request, and Association response

Authentication request, ID request, ID response, Authentication response, Association request, and Association response

Authentication request, Association response

Authentication request, Authentication response, Association request, and Association response

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What defines data rates for HT and VHT devices?

They are fixed at 1, 2, 5.5 and 11 Mbps

They are fixed at 150, 180 and 240 Mbps

MCS tables

PHY parameter tables

MCS tables (The Modulation and Coding Scheme)

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What is in HT and VHT PHY preambles that allows for the synchronization of the receiving radio?

Training fields

Data rate specification

Length field

Duration field

Training fields

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What interframe space is used before an Ack frame?

EIFS

SIFS

DIFS

AIFS

SIFS

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What is used to determine the number of slot times used in the formula to calculate an AIFS duration when EDCA is used? The AIFS duration is fixed for each PHY AIFS number (AIFSN) Data rate Frame duration

AIFS number (AIFSN)

What kind of WLAN management solution does not include centralized 802.11 MAC processing of any kind, but does include centralized configuration of the APs without the use of the Internet? Cloud-based Controller-based Virtual controller-based WNMS-based

WNMS-based

A push-to-talk device has similar requirements most alike to what other common WLAN client device? 802.11 video cameras Laptop with standard data applications VoIP handset Handheld scanners

VoIP handset

When implementing a WLAN for corporate data access, you are planning for WPA2 implementation. What issue related to planning corporate data access are you considering? Ensure availability Ensure sufficient coverage Ensure sufficient security Ensure sufficient throughput

Ensure sufficient security

When implementing a WLAN bridge link, you must ensure 60% clearance of what defined zone? Antenna height zone PoE zone Fresnel zone BSA zone

Fresnel zone

You are deploying an RTLS solution. What is an important requirement of most RTLS implementations? Use of at least two sensors for every AP Sensors placed around the facility perimeter Implementation of VPN connectivity from the sensors to the monitoring server Use of at least one sensor for every STA

Sensors placed around the facility perimeter

You have implemented a feature on the APs that temporarily ignores 2.4 GHz probe requests in order to direct more client STAs to 5 GHz channels. What is this feature? Band Steering RRM AirTime Fairness Passpoint

Band Steering

What can you do to help mitigate DHCP pool depletion issues without requiring user configuration actions? Use DHCP for wired clients only and ask guests to manually configure IP settings Implement shorter lease durations Implement longer lease durations Implement smaller scopes

Implement shorter lease durations

In addition to mapping IP addresses to host names for client devices, what may DNS be used for in a controller-based environment? Synchronizing time clocks Configuring IP settings in client devices Encrypting Internet communications Location of controllers by APs

Location of controllers by APs

When implementing SSIDs in APs, to what are they typically mapped for better control of access to resources on the LAN? User profiles VLANs MAC addresses IP addresses

VLANs

What may force an organization to implement a PKI for practical application in a WLAN? The use of PEAP The use of frame aggregation The use of EAP-TLS The use of WPA2-Personal

The use of EAP-TLS

What feature of WLAN APs may provide for automatic negotiation of AP channel and power settings among the APs or within the controllers? Load balancing RRM AirTime Fairness Band Steering

RRM (Radio Resource Management)

What common feature of MDM solutions can be used to prevent users from causing data leaks by taking photos of sensitive documents? Over-the-air registration Onboarding Self-registration Feature management

Feature management

Why is it unlikely that an 802.11ac wave 2 AP with four spatial streams will exceed the capacity of a 1 Gbps Ethernet link? Because users just don't use Wi-Fi that much Because the AP will compress data sent onto the wired network Because the 1 Gbps Ethernet link can actually transmit 2 Gbps of data when the downlink and uplink wire pairs are both used for uplink transmission Because 802.11 network operations consume significant airtime and clients connect at varying data rates resulting in much lower useful data throughput than the maximum data rate of 802.11ac 4 stream APs

Because 802.11 network operations consume significant airtime and clients connect at varying data rates resulting in much lower useful data throughput than the maximum data rate of 802.11ac 4 stream APs

You have connected a controller-based AP to the LAN. The controller is located using DNS and you have verified that the proper host records are in DNS and that DHCP is properly configuring the AP. This is the only AP on the subnet in question. The AP cannot reach the controller, but it can reach other devices on the same subnet. It has an IP address of 192.168.12.37 based on the DHCP logs. What should you check among the listed items in an attempt to resolve the issue? Connect a laptop to the same Ethernet cable and validate DHCP operations Make sure the Ethernet cable is plugged into the AP Connect a laptop to the same Ethernet cable and verify DNS with NSLOOKUP Check the ACLs in the router connected to the subnet

Check the ACLs in the router connected to the subnet

What feature of APs is often thought to be a security solution, but provides no real security because of simple spoofing methods? WEP Shared Key Authentication SSID hiding MAC filtering

MAC filtering

What organization defines the EAP protocol used in enterprise WLAN security? FCC Wi-Fi Alliance IETF IEEE

IETF

What is a primary benefit of EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS, and PEAP that is not available in WEP and Shared Key Authentication? Dynamic encryption keys Authentication Encryption No certificate requirements

Dynamic encryption keys

What encryption solution is provided in the 802.11 standard and is not deprecated? RC5 RC4 SHA1 AES

AES

What is needed, in addition to the RADIUS server IP address and ports, to configure an AP to use a given RADIUS server? RADIUS server MAC address VPN type used to connect to the RADIUS server Shared secret RADIUS server host name

Shared secret

You wish to administer an AP over the wired network using the CLI. What protocol should you use to prevent eavesdropping on the administrative tasks? SNMPv3 HTTP SSH2 Telnet

SSH2

A manager has asked you to place the APs above the ceiling in a WLAN deployment. He has requested this for aesthetic reasons. You know this is not the best decision, what do you tell the manager in an attempt to influence him to make a better decision? It is always against regulations to place APs above the ceiling. Placing the APs above the ceiling will prevent any possible configuration that would allow for client access. Placing the APs above the ceiling will alter the requirements for the WLAN and may require more APs than would be otherwise needed. It is impossible to power APs placed above the ceiling.

Placing the APs above the ceiling will alter the requirements for the WLAN and may require more APs than would be otherwise needed.

You are using an 802.11 VoIP handset and walking around the facility frome end-to-end while on a call. What might you be testing in a newly deployed WLAN? Battery life of the VoIP handset Security capabilities Audio noise from RF energy Roaming capabilities

Roaming capabilities

You are attempting to locate the cause of a performance problem in two WLAN cells in a mostly overlapping coverage area. You note that one AP is on channel 1 and the other is on channel 1 as well. When you document your findings, what term do you use to describe the problem in this configuration? ZigBee interference ACI CCI Non-Wi-Fi interference

CCI

In addition to capacity analysis results, what should be included in a site survey report to ensure WLAN users are provided with connectivity? Coverage analysis results Application Layer protocol availability analysis results WAN interface analysis results Layer 4 protocol availability analysis results

Coverage analysis results

An organization is planning to implement a new WLAN. They will install 20 APs and place them all on the same IP subnet so no IP roaming will be required for WLAN clients. The DHCP server will use the subnet of 192.168.10.0/24. They expect an average of 18 client STAs per AP. What is your immediate concern with this plan? The DHCP pool is not large enough WLANs must use the 10.x.x.x networks APs cannot handle more than 15 STAs per AP IP roaming occurs even when all APs are on the same IP subnet

The DHCP pool is not large enough

When is a three-dimensional RF channel plan always required? When the WLAN is near an airport or military base When the WLAN exists in an industrial environment When a multi-floor WLAN is implemented When the Fresnel zone is 80% blocked

When a multi-floor WLAN is implemented

What step comes after "Define the possible causes" when considering the CWNP troubleshooting methodology? Narrow to the most likely cause Create a plan of action and implement it Document the results and close the case Escalate the problem to the wireless vendor support staff

Narrow to the most likely cause

You are passing random UDP data across the WLAN and measuring results with iPerf. What kind of test is most likely being performed? Signal strength monitoring Throughput test Interference location Black box testing

Throughput test

Which one of these is not a good use of a spectrum analyzer? Determining retry rates on the WLAN Locating sources of RF interference Evaluating RF airtime utilization in a channel Viewing historical RF activity in a channel

Determining retry rates on the WLAN

In what band do many USB 3 devices cause significant localized (within 3-5 meters) RF interference? 2.4 GHz 60 GHz 5 GHz Sub-1 GHz

2.4 GHz

You are reporting on the RF environment in your facility. The manager asks you do describe the SNR noted in the report. Which of the following is the best explanation? SNR is the difference between the SOM and the Fade Margin SNR is the simple noise reduction algorithm used on filters on 802.11 adapters SNR is the difference between the noise in the environment and the RF signal strength SNR is the interference caused by USB 3.0 devices

SNR is the difference between the noise in the environment and the RF signal strength

What common building component is likely to cause coverage holes in a WLAN deployment if not considered and resolved in the WLAN design? Windows Elevators Cubicle partitions Tile floors

Elevators

An AP that uses PoE powers up, but upon inspection you notice that only one radio (the 2.4 GHz radio) is active. You verify that the configuration has both the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz radios enabled. When you connect the AP to wall power, both radios work as expected. What is a likely cause of this problem? The AP firmware is faulty Insufficient PoE power WPA is enabled on the 5 GHz radio, causing it to be disabled The external antennas for the 5 GHz radio are not connected

Insufficient PoE power

You recently configured five laptops for access to the corporate wireless network. Four of them work as expected and the fifth one stopped working yesterday. When you talk to the users, you discover that the four working laptops have suspended and resumed several times but never rebooted. The fifth non-working laptop has been rebooted. The non-connecting computer is unable to connect regardless of location. Everything else works as expected on the fifth computer. What may be causing the problem? Interference from non-Wi-Fi sources Firmware updates on the fifth computer Faulty new drivers on the fifth computer Poor signal strength

Faulty new drivers on the fifth computer

You administer a WLAN that offers a guest SSID of CORPGUEST. Users connect to the CORPGUEST SSID, but report that they cannot access Internet web sites. The devices indicate no Internet connection. What common problem causes this scenario? DNS failure IP routing issues NTP issues Hardware issues

DNS failure

CWNA-108 Practice Test 1 Flashcards

(60 cards)