Cyber attacks

Question 1

What’s the Difference? MALWARE

what is a virus?

Answer 1

a computer program that
replicates and attaches itself to other files

Question 2

What’s the Difference? MALWARE

Viruses can be spread through what?

Answer 2

removable media

Question 3

What’s the Difference? MALWARE

what is a worm?

Answer 3

a malicious software program that replicates by independently exploiting vulnerabilities in network

Question 4

What’s the Difference? MALWARE

virus requires what to run?

Answer 4

requires a host program to run.

Question 5

What’s the Difference? MALWARE

worms require what to run

Answer 5

worms can run by themselves.

Question 6

What’s the Difference? MALWARE

what is a trojan horse?

Answer 6

operations by masking its true intent. It might appear legitimate but is, in fact, very dangerous

Question 7

What’s the Difference? MALWARE

Trojans exploit what?

Answer 7

the privileges of the user who runs them.

Question 8

What’s the Difference? MALWARE

unlike viruses, trojans do not what?

Answer 8

self-replicate but often bind themselves to non-executable files,

Question 9

What’s the Difference? MALWARE

what are 3 most common malware

Answer 9

1.virus
2.worm
3.trojan horse

Question 10

logic bombs

what is logic bomb

Answer 10

a malicious program that waits for a trigger

Question 11

logic bombs

what sets off a logic bomb

Answer 11

a specified date or database entry.

Question 12

logic bombs

once a logic bomb is activated it?

Answer 12

implementa a code that causes harm to a computer in various ways.

Question 13

logic bombs

what does a logic bomb sabotage?

Answer 13

1.database record
2.erase files
3.operating system or applications

Question 14

logic bombs

logic bombs attack and destroy what?

Answer 14

hardware componets
ex:
cooling fan
cpu
memory
hard drives
powersupplies

Question 15

Ransomeware

what is ransomware?

Answer 15

a computer system or the data it contains captive until completed payment

Question 16

Ransomeware

how does rasomware work?

Answer 16

encrypting data so the owner cannot access it.

Question 17

ransomware

different versions of ransomware can what?

Answer 17

take advantage of specific system vulnerabilitys to lock it down.

Question 18

ransomware

how is ransomware spreaded

Answer 18

spread through phishing emails that encourage you to download a malicious attachment, or through a software vulnerability.

Question 19

Denial of Service Attacks

what is (DoS)

Answer 19

Denial of service

Question 20

Denial of Service Attacks

what is Denial of service (DoS)

Answer 20

type of network attack that interruption to network services, causing a significant loss of time and money.

Question 21

Denial of Service Attacks

what are 2 types of Denial of service (DoS)

Answer 21

1. overwhelming quantity of traffic
2. maliciously formatted packets

Question 22

Denial of Service Attacks

what is overwhelming quantity of traffic?

Answer 22

when a network host/application is sent an enormous amount of data at a rate which it cannot handle.

Question 23

Denial of Service Attacks

what does overwhelming quantity of traffic cause?

Answer 23

causes a slowdown in transmission or response, or the device/service to crash.

Question 24

Denial of Service Attacks

what is a packet?

Answer 24

a collection of data that flows between a source and a reciver computer or application over a network like internet.

Question 25

# Denial of Service Attacks what is maliciously formatted packets?

Answer 25

an attacker that forwards packets containing erros or improperly formatted packets that cannot be identified by an application.

Question 26

# Denial of Service Attacks maliciously formatted packets causes what?

Answer 26

cause the device to run slowly or crash

Question 27

# Distributed denial of service (DDoS) what is (DDoS)?

Answer 27

Distributed denial of service

Question 28

# Distributed denial of service (DDoS) Distributed denial of service (DDoS)

Answer 28

originate from multiple coordinated sources

Question 29

# Distributed denial of service (DDoS) how does Distributed denial of service (DDoS) happen? 3 steps

Answer 29

1. An attacker builds a network (botnet) of infected hosts called zombies, which are controlled by handler systems. 2.The zombie computers constantly scan and infect more hosts, creating more and more zombies. 3.When ready, the hacker will instruct the handler systems to make the botnet of zombies carry out a DDoS attack.

Question 30

# Domain Name System essential technical services needed for a network to operate

Answer 30

1.routing 2.addressing 3.domain naming ## Footnote prime targets for a attacker

Question 31

# Domain Name System name 4 services.

Answer 31

1.Domain reputation 2.DNS spoofing 3.Domain hijacking 4.Uniform Resource Location (URL)

Question 32

# Domain Name System What is domain reputation?

Answer 32

used by DNS servers to translate a domain name, such as www.cisco.com, into a numerical IP address so that computers can understand it

Question 33

# Domain Name System what is (DNS)

Answer 33

Domain Name System

Question 34

# Domain Name System what is DNS Spoofing and DNS cache poisoning?

Answer 34

an attack in which false data is introduced into a DNS resolver cache

Question 35

# Domain Name System DNS Spoofing and DNS cache poisoning attacks exploit what?

Answer 35

weakness in the DNS software that causes the DNS servers to redirect traffic for a specific domain to the attacker’s computer.

Question 36

# Domain Name System what is domain hijacking

Answer 36

When an attacker wrongfully gains control of a target’s DNS information

Question 37

# Domain Name System what is WHOIS?

Answer 37

a public database that collects all the information for every domain name registration or DNS settings update

Question 38

# Domain Name System what is (URL)?

Answer 38

uniform resource locator

Question 39

# Domain Name System what is uniform resource locator (URL)?

Answer 39

a unique identifier for finding a specific resource on the Internet.

Question 40

# Layer 2 Attacks what is Layer 2 Attacks used for.

Answer 40

used to move data across a linked physical networ

Question 41

# Layer 2 Attacks Layer 2 refers to what?

Answer 41

the data link layer in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) data communication model.

Question 42

# Layer 2 Attacks what is (OSI)

Answer 42

Open Systems Interconnection

Question 43

# Layer 2 Attacks what is (MAC) ?

Answer 43

media access control

Question 44

# Layer 2 Attacks what is (APR)?

Answer 44

address resolution protocol

Question 45

# Layer 2 Attacks what does (MAC) address do?

Answer 45

identifies the intended receiver of an IP address sent over the network

Question 46

# Layer 2 Attacks what does (APR) do?

Answer 46

Resolves IP addresses to MAC addresses for transmitting data

Question 47

# Layer 2 Attacks IP addresses are mapped to each physical device address, also known as what?

Answer 47

media access control (MAC) address

Question 48

# Layer 2 Attacks what is spoofing or poisoning?

Answer 48

a type of impersonation attack that takes advantage of a trusted relationship between two systems.

Question 49

# Layer 2 Attacks what is MAC address spoofing?

Answer 49

when an attacker disguises their device as a valid one on the network and can therefore bypass the authentication process.

Question 50

# Layer 2 Attacks what does ARP spoofing do

Answer 50

it sends spoofed ARP messages across a LAN.

Question 51

# Layer 2 Attacks what does ARP spoofing link with?

Answer 51

an attacker’s MAC address to the IP address of an authorized device on the network.

Question 52

# Layer 2 Attacks what does IP spoofing do

Answer 52

sends IP packets from a spoofed source address in order to disguise it.

Question 53

# Layer 2 Attacks what is (MAC) flooding?

Answer 53

compromises the data transmitted to a device.

Question 54

# Layer 2 Attacks Layer 2 Attacks name 2?

Answer 54

1. Spoofing 2. MAC Flooding

Question 55

# Layer 2 Attacks name 3 different types of spoofing

Answer 55

1. MAC address spoofing 2. ARP spoofing 3. IP spoofing

Question 56

# Man-in-the-Middle and Man-in-the-Mobile Attacks what is (MitM)

Answer 56

MAN-IN-THE-MIDDLE

Question 57

when does a (MitM) happen?

Answer 57

When a cybercriminal takes contol of a device without the user's knowledge.