cyborgs

Question 1

What is the origin of the mind-body problem?

Answer 1

The mind-body problem originates from Descartes, who distinguished between res
cogitans (thinking substance, mind) & res extensa (extended substance, body), raising
the question: How can something non-material interact with something material?

This distinction raises the question of how non-material and material substances interact.

Question 2

Which disciplines ponder the mind-body problem? Name any 3.

Answer 2

• Philosophy
• Neuroscience
• Psychology

Question 3

What are the two kinds of relation between body & mind at issue in the mind-body problem?

Answer 3

• Causal relationship - how do mind and body affect each other?
• Ontological relationship - are there two substances or one?

Question 4

What would solve the mind-body problem?

Answer 4

A theory that convincingly explains how mental states & physical states relate - whether by proving they are the same, separate, or something else.

This includes proving they are the same, separate, or something else.

Question 5

What is dualism?

Answer 5

The view that mind & body are two fundamentally different substances, typically mental vs physical

This is exemplified by Descartes’ view.

Question 6

What is eliminativism?

Answer 6

The concept of mind is dispensable if cognitive or mental phenomena are more
correctly explained by eliminating reference to the mind and speaking instead of behavior, brain events, & information processing.

Instead, it focuses on behavior, brain events, & information processing.

Question 7

What is reductionism?

Answer 7

Anti-mentalistic, but does not deny the existence of the mental. it is the idea that
mental phenomena can be fully explained by physical processes, such as brain states
or chemical reasons.

It posits that mental phenomena can be fully explained by physical processes, such as brain states or chemical reasons.

Question 8

What is Clark’s notion of humans as natural-born cyborgs?

Answer 8

Clark argues that humans naturally extend their minds through tools and
technologies. Example: Notebooks and smartphones making us “natural-born cyborgs.”

Examples include notebooks and smartphones.

Question 9

What is mediation theory?

Answer 9

A theory in postphenomenology that examines how technologies shape and mediate human experience and perception of the world.

Question 10

Name 4 kinds of human-world technology interrelations in postphenomenology.

Answer 10

• Embodiment relation - tech becomes part of the body
• Hermeneutic relation - tech interprets the world
• Alterity relation - tech is introduced Non like choose being
• Background relation - tech situates the environment passively