Cycle 2 History Flashcards
Tell me about Charlemagne
In 800, during the medieval period, Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor of Europe.
Tell me about William the Conqueror
In 1054, the church split into Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox. William the Conqueror defeated King Harold of England in 1066 and started feudalism.
Tell me about the Crusades
Richard the Lion-Hearted, son of Eleanor of Aquitaine, fought the Turks for Jerusalem during the time of the Crusades from 1095 to 1291.
Tell me about the Magna Carta
English King John signed the Magna Carta in 1215, limiting the king’s power. Later, England’s King Edward III claimed to be king of France and began the Hundred Years’ War in 1337.
Tell me about the Hundred Years’ War
During the Hundred Years’ War, Joan of Arc and King Charles VII led the French to defeat the English at the Siege of Orleans. In thelate 1340s, fleas on rats carried the plague, which killed one out of three Europeans.
Tell me about the Renaissance
During the Renaissance period, from 1350 to 1600, Leonardo da Vinci was a famous inventor, Shakespeare was a fmous playwright, Michelangelo was a famous artist, and Copernicus was a famous scientist.
Tell me about the Reformation
In 1517, Martin Luther began the Protestant Reformation by printing the Ninety-five Theses that made Pope Leo X excommunicate him. Later, John Calvin joined the Reformation.
Tell me about the European Explorations
Between the late 1400s and the mid-1500s, Dias rounded the Cape of Good Hope, Amerigo Vespucci sailed to the Americas, Balboa crossed Central America to the Pacific, Magellan’s crew sailed around the globe, and Coronado explored the American Southwest.
Tell me about some absolute monarchs
Between the 1500s and 1800s, Henry VIII of England, Louis XIV of France, Philip II of Spain, Peter the Great of Russia, and Frederick the Great of Prussia ruled during the age of absolute monarchs.
Tell me about the history of Russia
Vladimir I brought Christianity to Russia in the 900s. In the 1500s, Czar Ivan the Terrible unified Russia. Peter the Great and Catherine the Great expanded and westernized Russia in the 1700s.
Tell me about the French Revolution
In 1789, the French Revolution began when citizens stormed the Bastille and fought for the Declarion of the Rights of Man. Later, during the Reign of Terror, the aristocrats’ heads were removed by the guillatine.
Tell me about the Battle of Waterloo
Napolean Bonaparte of the French Empire was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo by British General Wellington and his allies soon after the War of 1812 in the United States.
Tell me about the Industrial Revolution
Watt’s steam engine,
Cartwight’s power loom,
and Whitney’s cotton gin
spurred the Industrial Revolution that began in the 1760s.
Tell me about World War I leaders
Clemenceau of France,
Lloyd George of England,
Nicholas II of Russia,
Wilhelm II of Germany,
and Wilson of the United States were leaders during World War I, which started in 1914 and ended in 1918.
Tell me about World War I countries
During World War I, Great Britain, France, and Russia were Allies and fought against Austria-Hungary and Germany, which were called the Central Powers. In 1917, the United States entered the war, assisting the Allies.
