Cytogenetics (ULO 1-3)

Question 1

Considered as a variant form of a gene.

Answer 1

Allele

Question 2

Basic structural, functional and biological unit of all organisms

Answer 2

Cell

Question 3

Who first discovered the cell?

Answer 3

Robert Hooke

Question 4

When did Robert Hooke discovered cell?

Answer 4

1665

Question 5

Process by which a single parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.

Answer 5

Cell division

Question 6

A molecule found in the nuclei of all eukaryotic

organisms that contains the unique genetic code of the organism

Answer 6

DNA

Question 7

DNA molecule found in the _____ of all eukaryotic

organisms that contains the unique genetic code of the organism

Answer 7

Nuclei

Question 8

A unit of heredity information that occupies a fixed position on a chromosome.

Answer 8

Gene

Question 9

A magnifying equipment of many forms use to visualize various microorganisms

Answer 9

Microscope

Question 10

It is where a cell divides twice to produce four cells containing only half of the original amount of genetic code like that of sex cells.

Answer 10

Meiosis

Question 11

Meiosis is where a cell divides twice to produce four cells containing only ____ of the original amount of genetic code like that of sex cells.

Answer 11

Half

Question 12

Is the usual type of tissue growth in which two daughter cells contain the
same number and type of chromosomes as the parent nucleus

Answer 12

Mitosis

Question 13

Who discovered nucleus?

Answer 13

Robert Brown

Question 14

A membrane-bound organelle first discovered in plants by Robert Brown in 1833 that contains the genetic material of Eukaryotic organisms.

Answer 14

Nucleus

Question 15

It is a complex compound bearing high molecular

weight that functions in cellular protein synthesis.

Answer 15

RNA

Question 16

Ancient Greek Philosopher who was known to be the first person to recognize the relationships between species and organize accordingly

Answer 16

Aristotle

Question 17

322-384 BC

Answer 17

Aristotle

Question 18

He had a major influence on the development of many fields of medicine including anatomy, pathology, physiology and neurology.

Answer 18

Galen

Question 19

One of his discoveries is the identification of the differences between veins and arteries and recognizing that the larynx generates voice.

Answer 19

Galen

Question 20

129-161 AD

Answer 20

Galen

Question 21

He used the microscopes to find out more about
the living world-his discoveries include bacteria, the vacuole of the cell and the banded
pattern of muscle fibers.

Answer 21

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723)-

Question 22

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 22

1632-1723

Question 23

He came up with the system of naming, ranking and classifying organisms that we still use today

Answer 23

Carl Linnaeus

Question 24

He separated all living things into three Kingdoms :animals, plants and minerals, subdivided them into genera and species.

Answer 24

Carl Linnaeus

Question 25

Carl Linnaeus

Answer 25

1707-1775

Question 26

He established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestors, the existence of new species occurring via the process of natural selection

Answer 26

Charles Darwin (1809-1882)-

Question 27

1809-1882

Answer 27

Charles Darwin

Question 28

He used peas to discover and demonstrate the laws of | genetic inheritance, coining the terms ‘dominant’ and ‘recessive’ genes in the process

Answer 28

Gregor Mendel

Question 29

Gregor Mendel

Answer 29

1822-1884

Question 30

The laws were rediscovered at the turn of the 20th century and provided the mechanism by which Darwin’s theory of natural selection can occur. The two theories combine to form our current understanding of the evolutionary process.

Answer 30

Gregor Mendel

Question 31

Published the first illustrations of human chromosomes.

Answer 31

Walther Flemming

Question 32

Also referred to the stainable portion of the nucleus as chromatin and first used the term mitosis.

Answer 32

Walther Flemming

Question 33

Walther Flemming

Answer 33

1882

Question 34

Introduced the word chromosome, from the Greek words for “colored body,”

Answer 34

Waldeyer

Question 35

1888

Answer 35

Waldeyer

Question 36

Developed a technique for identifying and examining | chromosomes individually.

Answer 36

Barbara McClintock

Question 37

Awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983 for her discovery of transposition and how genes could turn their physical characteristics on and off.

Answer 37

Barbara McClintock

Question 38

Barbara McClintock

Answer 38

1902-1992

Question 39

Their model of DNA (double helix) explains how DNA | replicates, and heredity info is coded and passed on.

Answer 39

Watson and Crick

Question 40

1928; 1916-2004

Answer 40

Watson and Crick

Question 41

Best known for her career-long studies of chimpanzees, she discovered that the animals are omnivores and tool users: 1934

Answer 41

Jane Goodall

Question 42

They cloned a mammal, famously named Dolly | the

Answer 42

Wilmut and Campbell (1944; 1954-2012)- T

Question 43

The pair cloned Dolly using a single adult sheep cell and a process of ________

Answer 43

Nuclear transfer

Question 44

1944; 1954-2012

Answer 44

Wilmut and Campbell

Question 45

1600

Answer 45

The Cell Theory

Question 46

1 Exception of the Cell Theory

Answer 46

1650

Question 47

What is the only one exception in the Cell Theory?

Answer 47

Viruses

Question 48

1665

Answer 48

Robert Hooke

Question 49

First man to call cell "cells"

Answer 49

Robert Hooke

Question 50

Anton Van Leewenvoek

Answer 50

1676

Question 51

Father of Microbiology

Answer 51

Anton Van Leewenvoek

Question 52

Robert Brown

Answer 52

1883

Question 53

Who first discovered bacteria?

Answer 53

Anton Van Leewenvoek

Question 54

He discovered nucleus in plants.

Answer 54

Robert Brown

Question 55

Jakob Shlieden

Answer 55

1838

Question 56

1839

Answer 56

Theodor Schwann

Question 57

"Plants are made up of cells"

Answer 57

Jakob Shlieden

Question 58

1850

Answer 58

Rudolf Virchow

Question 59

"All living things are composed of cells, not just plants."

Answer 59

Theodor Schwann

Question 60

Master microscopist who extended Schlieden's cell theory to animal.

Answer 60

Theodor Schwann

Question 61

1859

Answer 61

Louis Pasteur

Question 62

He was the one to demonstrate that cell theory applies to diseased tissue

Answer 62

Rudolf Virchow

Question 63

Discovered spontaneous generation and first to show that living things came from living things.

Answer 63

Louis Pasteur

Question 64

His discovery of spontaneous generation contributed to the development of cell theory.

Answer 64

Louis Pasteur

Question 65

RMT

Answer 65

2023