Cytokine and surface molecules Flashcards
(27 cards)
CD3
T cell co-receptor
present on all T cells
CD4
T cell co-receptor; amplifies TCR response present on helper T cells
CD8
T cell co-receptor; amplifies TCR response present on cytotoxic T cells
CD16
Fc receptor for IgG, activates NK cell for antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity present on NK cells, neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages
CD25
alpha chain of IL-2 receptor
transmembrane protein present on regulatory T cells
CD28
co-stimulatory signal necessary for T cell activation (binds with CD80/86 on APC)
present on T cells
CTLA-4 (CD152)
28inhibitory signal that downregulates immune system, binds with CD80/86, opposite effect as CD
present onT cells
CD80/86 (B7)
Provide co-stimulatory signal needed for T cell activation (ligand for both CD28 and CTLA-4) present on activated B cells and monocytes (APCs)
CD95
Fas receptor
IL-1
acute phase inflammatory response, recruits inflammatory cells, fever. Increase expression of adhesion factors on endothelial cells to enable transmigration. Endocrine mechanism produced by macrophages, monocytes, fibroblasts, dendritic cells. Can be expresssed by B lymphocytes, NK cells, epithelial cells
IL-2
T cell growth factor. Autocrine, secreted by T cells
IL-4
TH2 pathway
Produce by TH2 cells-positive feedback (initial cell that produces IL-4 is unknown but may be basophil)
IL-5
activates eosinophils; increases immunoglobin secretion
Produced by Th2 cells and mast cells
IL-6
acute phase inflammatory response
produced by T cells and macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cells
IL-7
promotes maturation of B cell progenitors, paracrine mechanism
produced by bone marrow stromal cells
IL-10
anti-inflammatory cytokine- downregulates Th1 cytokines, MHC class II antigens, and co-stimulatory molecules on macrophages. produced primarilly by monocytes and Th2 hymphocytes
IL-12
TH1 pathway; stimulates producion of IFN-y, TNF-a, and reduces IL-4 effects
produced by dendritic cells, macrophages
IL-13
promotes IgE production
produced by Th2 cells
IL-15
activates NK cells; induces proliferation of NK cells
produced by mononuclear phagocytes following viral infection
IL-17
Recruit neutrophils and eosinophils; delayed type reactions, increases chemokine production
Secreted by TH17 cells
IL-23
induces TH17 pathway, recruitment of neutrophils
produced by antigen presenting cells
IFN-y
activates macrophages; induces MHC II expression
produced by NK cells in innate response, Th1 and CD8 cells in acquired immunity
TNF
acute phase inflammatory response; acts on neutrophils and endothelial cells. Septic shock. Endocrine mechanism
produced by monocytes
TGF-B
Down-regulates immune response
produced by macrophages, others
