Cytokines and CD Markers

Question 1

Granulocyte

Answer 1

CD15+

Question 2

Monocyte

Answer 2

CD14+

Question 3

Dendritic Cell

Answer 3

CD11c

Question 4

T Lymphocyte

Answer 4

CD3+

Question 5

T Helper Lymphocyte

Answer 5

CD3+, CD4+
Recongnize MHC II

Produce Cytokines

Question 6

T Cytotoxic Lymphocyte

Answer 6

CD3+, CD8+

Recognize MHC I

Question 7

B Lymphocyte

Answer 7

CD19+

Question 8

Natural Killer Cell

Answer 8

CD56+

Question 9

Common myeloid progenitor

Answer 9

gives rise to cells of myeloid origin (mast, basophil, neutrophil, eosinophil, maccrophage)

Cytokine signal: HSC—————-> common myloid
- IL-3
-SCF
GM-CSF

Question 10

IL-1, IL-6, TNFα

Answer 10

Pro-inflammatory cytokines, released by macrophages.

Swelling, fever

Question 11

IFNγ

Answer 11

pro-inflammatory, activate DC

produced by Type 1 ILC (NK, NKT)

Question 12

IL-4

Answer 12

help maturation of DC

produced by Type II ILC

Question 13

IL-17

Answer 13

recruit neutrophils, induce antimicrobial peptides

produced by Type III ILC

Question 14

IL-1, IL-6, IL-7, SCF, TSLP

Answer 14

cytokines released by Thymic Epithelial Cells that are required for growth/development of T cells

SCF: (stem cell factor)
TSLP: (thymic stroma lymphoprotein)

Question 15

IL-10

Answer 15

Immunonsuppressive

Question 16

Mutation FOX P3

Answer 16

No Treg

Question 17

AIRE

Answer 17

TF neccessary for the generation of central tolerance

Question 18

NKT Cells

Answer 18

CD4+ or CD4-/CD8-

Express CD56

Question 19

CD45

Answer 19

Distinguish Naive and Memory T cells by CD45 marker

CD45RA- naive (RA’s at camp are young)
CD45RO- memory (really old, been around)

Question 20

INF-gamma

Answer 20

potent pro-inflammatory
Th1 signature cytokine: Intracellular pathogen
activates Macrophages

Question 21

IL-2

Answer 21

T cell growth factor (Th1 and CD8)
Th1 cytokine

The receptor, IL-2R (alpha-beta-gamma) has HIGH affinity for IL-2, shown on activated T cell

Genetic mutation in the gamma chain of IL-2R results in severe immune deficiency

Question 22

LT alpha

Answer 22

Lymphotoxin-alpha
TNF family. Th1 cytokine.
Maintains lymphoid organ development

Implicated in RA, MS

Question 23

Th1

Answer 23

INF-gamma and IL-12
TF: Tbet

Th1 produces INF-gamma, IL-2, LT-alpha
activates macrophages

Activated macrophages make IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha: ALL PRO-INFLAMMATORY

Question 24

IL-1

Answer 24

Pro-inflammatory:
response to stress, made by epithelial cells, neutrophil growth and liberation from marrow, increase Ag presentation

IL-1 and IL-6 cause fever, depression

Question 25

IL-6

Answer 25

Pro-inflammatory: growth/differentiation of B cells, increases responsiveness to IL-2 (Tcell growth factor), release Ca WIL-1 and IL-6 cause fever, depression

Question 26

IL-8

Answer 26

POTENT for mobilizing and recruiting neurophils (killers) and eosinophils Produced by macs and neutrophils and epithelium (when intense inflammation)

Question 27

IL-4

Answer 27

Initiates and is required for Th2 growth factor for Th2 cells promotes B cell growth, IL-4 inhibits Th1 IL-4 and IL-13: recruit eosinophil, basophil, allergic asthma, make memory B cells

Question 28

IL-5

Answer 28

eosinophil maturation (kill parasite)

Question 29

IL-10

Answer 29

drives B cell differentiation, inhibits Th1 (inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines) (also produced by iTreg and Thf)

Question 30

IL-17

Answer 30

Key cytokine in Th-17 response to fungi, extracellular - recruit and activate neutrophils and monocytes - educe pro-inflammatory IL-6, IL-8

Question 31

IL-21

Answer 31

enhance B cell function Contributes to Ab mediated pathology, ie Hyper IgE: recurrent Staph and fungal infection

Question 32

IL-22

Answer 32

protective gut immunity, keeps good bacteria in their niches by induction of antimicrobial peptides

Question 33

Thf

Answer 33

fully mature Thf are in follicle germinal centers, causing B cells to become Plasma Cells ad secrete Ab (IgM, IgG, IgA) Chemokine CXCR5 is important, brings Thf to follicle IL-4 (Bcell growth, inhibit Th1, anti-inflammatory), IL-10 (Bcell diffenrtiaiton, inhibit Th1, anti-inflamm), IL-21 (Bcell Funftion) * All cytokines help B cells become Plasma*