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Botany > Cytology > Flashcards

Cytology Flashcards

1
Q

-Cells with nucleus and membrane bound organelle -Multicellular (tissues made up of many cells)

A

Eukaryotic

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2
Q

-Cells without nucleus and membrane bound organelle
-Unicellular

A

Prokaryotic

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3
Q

• Outside the cell membrane
• Acts as a filtering mechanism
• Structure that provides support
• Distinguishing feature of a plant cell
• Limits the size
• Provides protection for cellular components

A

Cell wall

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4
Q

It is composed primarily of cellulose

A

Cell wall

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5
Q

This causes the rigidity in cell wall

A

Lignin

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6
Q

It is responsible for water loss

A

Cutin and suberin

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7
Q

• Fine holes in the primary cell wall
• Interconnects plant cell
• Small channels that directly the cytoplasm of neighboring
plant cells to each other
• Establish bridges between cells
• Allow certain molecules to pass directly.
Important in cellular communication

A

Plasmodesmata

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8
Q

Also called plasma membrane. Thin membrane that surrounds every living cell.

A

Cell membrane

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9
Q

Sige for cell signaling

A

Cell membrane

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10
Q

Allow only certain molecules to enter or exit the cell

A

Selectively permeable

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11
Q

Fluid portion containing the nucleus and the rest of the organelles

A

Cytoplasm

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12
Q

It is composed of water, salt, and protein

A

Cytoplasm

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13
Q

Contains the genetic material

A

Nucleus

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14
Q

Fluid portion of nucleus

A

Nucleoplasm

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15
Q

What do the fluid in nucleus contains?

A

Water, salt ions, and complex mixture of molecules

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16
Q

Forms a series of flattened sacs within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cell

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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17
Q

Important in the synthesize, folding, modification and transport of proteins

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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18
Q

Carries large molecule like protein

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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19
Q

o Attached with ribosome
o Site of protein synthesis, sorting and secretion

A

Rough ER

20
Q

o Lipid synthesis, membrane assembly
o Site of detoxification and lipid synthesis

A

Smooth ER

21
Q

Modifies material secreted by cell (protein modification)

A

Dicytosome

22
Q

proteins are stored, modified,
sorted and stacked into vesicles for further transport

A

Dicytosome

23
Q

Cell respiration

A

Mitochondrion

24
Q

• ATP synthesis
• Powerhouse of the cell
• Membrane bound organelle found in the cytoplasm of
eukaryotic cells

A

Mitochondrion

25
Q

Captures light for photosynthesis

A

Chloroplast

26
Q

Green plastid

A

Chloroplast

27
Q

Larger than the mitochondrion

A

Chloroplast

28
Q

Produces and degrades hydrogen peroxide

A

Peroxisome

29
Q

Site of hydrogen peroxide or other harmful molecules are broken down

A
30
Q

Contains water and salt

A

Vacuole

31
Q

Storage area for nutrients, accumulation of toxic substance, storage bubbles found in cells

A

Vacuole

32
Q

Needle like crystals

A

Raphides

33
Q

What is raphide composed of?

A

Calcium oxalate

34
Q

Knife like crystal

A

Styloid

35
Q

What is styloid composed of?

A

Calcium oxalate

36
Q

A flower like crystal

A

Rosette

37
Q

What is rosette composed of?

A

Calcium oxalate

38
Q

Broken glass like crystal

A

Prismatic

39
Q

What is prismatic made of?

A

Calcium oxalate

40
Q

Grape like crystals

A

Cystolith

41
Q

What is cystolith composed of?

A

Calcium carbonate

42
Q

are double-membrane organelle which are found in the cells of plants and algae

A

Plastid

43
Q

are responsible for manufacturing and storing of food. This often contains pigments that are used for photosynthesis and can change the color of a cell

A

Plastids

44
Q

for pigment synthesis and storage in
specific photosynthetic eukaryotes. Contribute to bright red, orange and yellow colors to many fruits. Colors are used to attract animals and act as seed dispersers

A

Chromoplast

45
Q

produces and store starch within internal membrane compartments

A

Amyloplast

46
Q

leucoplasts that are primarily involved in storing fats or lipids inside fat droplets

A

Elaioplast

Botany (2 decks)

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