Cytology Flashcards
(34 cards)
What is cytology?
The study of cells.
What is the fundamental model of biology that says that:
1. Cells are the smallest form of life.
2. Cells come from preexisting cells.
3. Cells are the basic building blocok of all life forms and carry out life processes to maintain life.
Cell theory
What is the difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms?
Unicellular are made up on only one cell, whereas multicellular are made up of two or more cells.
How do you call a group of cells that live and work together?
A colony
A group of cells that are specialized to perform a particular function in the body is a _________________.
Tissue
When two or more tissues work together to perform a particular function, they form a structure named _________________.
Organ
When two or more organs work together to perform a funcion in the body, they form a _________________.
System
Muscles are an example of (tissue/organ/system).
Tissue
The heart is an example of (tissue/organ/system).
Organ
The system that the heart is a part of is the _________________.
Circulatory system
How do you call the structures found inside the cells?
Organelles
Do all cells have a nucleus?
No, not all cells hace a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, but prokaryotoic cells do not hace a nucleus.
All cells (animal, plant, bacteria…) contain a thick fluid substance inside. What is it called?
Cytoplasm
What is the name for the structure that helps cells maintain their shape?
Cytoskeleton
Some bacteria have a protective coating on their outside. What is it called?
Capsule
What is the name for the region in prokaryotic cells that contains most of the DNA?
Nucleoid
Does the nucleiod have a membrane?
No, it doesn’t.
Bacterias move thanks to two organelles, what are their names?
Cilium (short) and flagellum (long).
In plant cells, there is a organelle that contains the pigment chlorophyll and is where photosynthesis happens. What is it?
Chloroplast
Inside the chloroplast, there are stacks of disk-shaped thylakoids named…
Granum
The cellullar organelle that is in charge of the protein-building process is the…
Ribosome
There are two organelles that consist of a network of membranes used to transport substantes throughout the cell. They are:
The rough endoplasmatic reticulum (rough ER) and the smooth endoplasmatic reticulum (smooth ER).
What is the difference between the smooth endoplasmatic reticulum and the rough endoplasmatic reticulum?
The rough endoplasmatic reticulum has ribosones attached to it, but the smooth doesn’t.
In plan cells there is an organelle that holds materials (mainly water) and helps maintain the shape of the cell. How is it called?
Vacuole
