Cytoplasm

Question 1

What term was introduced by Rudolf Von Kolliker in 1863?

Answer 1

Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm is the substance within cells between the membrane and nucleus (eukaryotic) or inside the membrane (prokaryotic)

Question 2

What are the two regions of cytoplasm?

Answer 2

• Cytogel (ectoplasm)
• Cytosol (endoplasm)

Cytogel is the clear, outer part near the plasma membrane, while cytosol is the inner, less viscous part near the nucleus.

Question 3

What is the nature of cytogel?

Answer 3

Clear, outer part near the plasma membrane

Cytogel is also referred to as ectoplasm.

Question 4

What is the nature of cytosol?

Answer 4

Inner, less viscous part near the nucleus

Cytosol is also referred to as endoplasm.

Question 5

What are the chemical components of cytoplasm?

Answer 5

• Proteins
• Lipids
• Nucleotides
• Vitamins
• Hormones
• Sugars
• Amino acids
• Fatty acids
• Salts
• Inorganic ions

Large molecules like proteins and lipids exist in semi-fluid colloidal form.

Question 6

What is the active streaming movement in cytoplasm called?

Answer 6

Cyclosis

Cyclosis distributes cell content evenly.

Question 7

What central role does cytoplasm play in cells?

Answer 7

Metabolic activities

Includes gene expression and energy production (e.g., glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle).

Question 8

What energy conversion occurs in chloroplasts within the cytoplasm?

Answer 8

Energy conversion

This refers to the process of converting light energy into chemical energy.

Question 9

List three processes that occur in the cytoplasm.

Answer 9

• Molecular modification
• Detoxification
• Storage

These processes are essential for maintaining cellular functions.