Cytoskeleton Flashcards
Microflament:MOST FLEXIBLE /stress fiber
Protein subunit:actin
Pattern: Fibrillary(F actin) and globular(G actin)
Isoform: alpha,beta,gamma
From g actin molecule to f actin filament
G actin sentezlenir hücrede
ATp ile bağlanarak G-actin Pool oluşturur
F -actin oluşur bunun iki ucu var:
+end:polymerization and depolymerization
-end:capped by actin bindin protein to stop alongation
Actin:most abundant protein in intracellular matrix
Collagen:most abundant protein in extracellular matrix
F actin polymerization/microfilament
Nucleation: g actin moleküle atp bağlanması ve adp oluşumu elongationı başlatır
Elongation:g actin moleküller hücrenin ortasında bir araya gelir
Steady statue:polymerization ve depolymerization hızları aynı
Mikrofilament nerede bulunur
Epitel doku
Microvillus
Brush border
Diapedesis: nötrofilde esneklik kazandırır/spektrin proteini
Myosin==kas hücrelerinde
Actin drug
Cytocholasin=polimerizasyonu uyarır mushroom
Phalloidin=depolimerizasyonu engeller mushroom
Latrunculin=sponges force depolymerization
Actin isoform
Alpha:most abundant-in muscle filament
Beta and gamma:somatic cell -hücre hareketlerinde düzenleyici protein
Alpha-sarcomeric actinin refers to actin binding protein not filament itself
Microtubules
Energy type is GTP
Protein subunit:Tubulin protein
Pattern:hollow
Isoform: alpha-beta-gamma-delta-epsilon
Microtubules
Alpha +beta=dimer
They form protofilament
13 filament=microtubule
Organize değil dağınık
GTP fosfat kaybedip GDP ye dönüşürse eksi yöne hareket eder
Dynamic instability: artı uçta çok fazla kararsızlık gösterirler
Regulate microtubule
Tubulin concentration
Temperature
Some specifics Microtubules
——Axonome
Cilium:hücre uzantısı
Flagellum: sperm kuyruğu dynein proteininden yapılmış
——Spindles:mitosis and meiosis
Microtubule drugs
Colchicine:inhibit polymerization
Vincristin,vinblastin:inhibit polymerization
Nocodazole: induce polymerization
Paclitaxel: induce polymerization
Mitotic Microtubules
All acetylated
Resistance for environmental toxin
Types of Intermediate filament
Subunit:lamin-nucleous=connected nuclear inner membrane
Keratin-epithelial
Fibroblast-vimentin=most abundant /mesencyme
Muscle cell-Desmin
Neurons-neurofilament
Pattern:fibrillary filament
Most durable and most stable filament
Peripherin
Alongation Intermediate filament
Artı eksi kutbu yok
Alpha helix monomer
Two filament =coiled- coil dimer
2 coiled-coil dimer=tetramer
2 tetramer+eight tetramer=rope like filament
Associated proteins of cytoskeleton
Binding/regulatory:determination of length angle and number
—ABP:actin binding in microfilament
—MAP: microtubule associated in Microtubules akson boyunca bulunur
—IFBP: intermediate filament in intermediate filament
Motor proteins:intracellular transport,cytokinesis,contraction
—kinesin
—dynein
—myosin
MAP-2 and tau
Microtubule play role in maintaining stability
Tau=Alzheimer disease
Acting binding protein
Disease related to cytoskeletal disorder
Cardiovascular syndrome
Neurodegenerate disease Parkinson
Cancer invasion
Liver cirrhosis
Pulmonary fibrosis
Blistered skin disease
Bullous pemphigoid
Mast cell secreted:ECF eosinophil chemotactic factor
ECF cause secreted proteases
Proteases break down keratin filament in hemidesmosomes layer between epithelium and dermis
Araya vücut sıvısı girer
Progeria sendromu
Nokta mutasyonu LMN A geni lamin filamenti sentezler
Largerst to smallest
Microtubule intermediate filament microflament
Diapedesis
Neutrophils use pseudopodia to crawl in or out of blood vessels
Microtubules
Thickest and largest
