D1: Lambert Simnel Flashcards
(39 cards)
when was the simnel threat/ attempted challenge?
1486–87
What was the initial threat to Henry’s rule in 1486-87?
though early plots failed = threats persisted due to:
- Francis Lovell’s freedom
- Henry’s main rival, John de la Pole = had questionable loyalty despite swearing allegiance
How did the Yorkists plan to challenge Henry with Lambert Simnel? who and how basic. basically why did they choose him?
Lacking a strong claimant, Yorkists used Lambert Simnel, a ten-year-old imposter trained to act as a royal prince, to unite opposition against Henry.
How did John de la Pole and Lovell react after Simnel was revealed as an imposter? who and how did they help?
Despite the error, they fled to Burgundy, where they gained Margaret of Burgundy’s support and used her resources to gather 2,000 German mercenaries.
What role did Ireland play in the Simnel rebellion?
- what type of country was ireland?
- who did they welcome?
- what happened there initially?
Ireland, a Yorkist stronghold, welcomed de la Pole and Lovell, where the Irish nobility crowned Simnel as king in Dublin and backed an invasion of England.
How did the rebel forces proceed with their invasion? simnel.
Arriving in Northern England, they marched south, facing little resistance; Henry Percy, a local lord, took no action against the rebels, raising concerns about his loyalty.
Who was Lambert Simnel, and how was he used in the rebellion against Henry VII?
- who trained him?
Lambert Simnel was a ten-year-old boy, the son of a joiner from Oxford, trained by priest Richard Simons to impersonate a royal prince.
Who aimed to manipulate Simnel and by simnel impersonating who?
John de la Pole aimed to manipulate Simnel to rally opposition against Henry VII, specifically impersonating the Earl of Warwick.
What mistake did the plotters make regarding Simnel’s impersonation?
The plotters erred by having Simnel impersonate the Earl of Warwick because Henry produced the real Earl from the Tower of London, undermining their claims and showcasing Simnel as an imposter.
Where did John de la Pole flee, and what support did he secure for the rebellion?
- who joined pole?
- led by who, and then what did they do?
John de la Pole fled to Burgundy, joining Francis Lovell, and received help from Margaret of Burgundy in raising 2,000 German mercenaries, led by Martin Schwartz. The rebels then sailed to Ireland to further their cause.
Who did de la Pole and Lovell meet in Ireland, and what did they accomplish (2 things)?
In Ireland, de la Pole and Lovell met the Earl of Kildare, who supported their aims. - Together, the Irish and English Yorkists crowned Simnel as king in Dublin and launched an invasion of England.
What was the situation as the rebel army advanced in June 1487?
The rebel army arrived in the North in June 1487 and marched south. Henry Percy, the Earl of Northumberland, failed to act against the rebels, raising concerns about his loyalty since he had previously remained neutral during Bosworth.
How did Henry VII respond to the perceived threat from Simnel? when?
Recognizing the serious threat, Henry acknowledged his earlier trust in de la Pole, who had attended a Council meeting discussing the Simnel threat. By April, Henry became aware of de la Pole’s involvement and began raising troops.
What tactical measures did Henry take to prepare for the rebellion? what did henry display?
Henry displayed tactical awareness:
- by ordering coastal defenses although the rebels managed to land.
- As he received intelligence of the rebels coming from Ireland = he moved N and W gathering men and supplies.
What actions did Henry take upon reaching Kenilworth Castle? When?
- what did he do afterwards?
By 8 May, Henry reached Kenilworth Castle, establishing it as his base. He waited for news of the rebels’ landing, and upon receiving it, he marched north to confront them at Stoke.
What was the significance of the Battle of Stoke?
- seen as the conclusion of the Wars of the Roses.
Despite the rebels’ well-trained German mercenaries, the poorly-armored Irish forces suffered heavy losses, leading to a decisive defeat for the rebels, including the deaths of Schwartz and de la Pole, while Lovell vanished.
How did the outcome of the Simnel rebellion impact Henry’s reign?
- swift end to the rebellion
- faced no further battles in England to keep his throne, marking the close of the Wars of the Roses despite a later challenge from Perkin Warbeck.
How serious was the threat posed by Lambert Simnel and his supporters to Henry VII?
significant threat to Henry’s throne:
-1487 rebel alliance consisted of rival claimants, discontented Yorkists, and foreign backing = a dangerous coalition.
What was Simnel’s true role in the rebellion?
- even though he was what, what did he act as?
- who had a stronger claim that meant simnel was what to him?
Although Simnel was an imposter, he acted as a puppet for John de la Pole, who had a stronger claim to the throne than Henry VII. If the rebels had succeeded at the Battle of Stoke, it’s likely that de la Pole would have replaced Simnel.
What factors contributed to the seriousness of the Simnel challenge?
The rebels successfully raised an army with financial support from Margaret of Burgundy, which added to the seriousness of their challenge. Irish support was crucial, as it provided a base for launching their rebellion and facilitated early successes.
Why was Irish support important for the rebels?
Ireland served as a potential launch point for invading England, and without Irish support, sustaining the rebellion or finding a base would have been much more difficult for the rebels.
How did Henry’s response to the threat from de la Pole affect his position?
Henry’s position was threatened by his slow recognition of the danger posed by de la Pole. Despite associations with Yorkist plots in 1486, Henry continued to trust de la Pole and included him in Council meetings, showing his inexperience as a king.
What was Henry’s mistake regarding de la Pole?
Instead of imprisoning de la Pole, Henry allowed him to remain free, which enabled de la Pole to flee to Burgundy and escape Henry’s control. This decision forced Henry into a position of having to fight de la Pole, a riskier approach than detaining him or pursuing treason charges.
How serious was the threat from Simnel and his supporters?
The threat from Simnel should not be overstated. Although he posed a challenge, mistakes by the rebels, a lack of support and he acted decisively once the threat was clear. contributed to their downfall.
