D3 Injury Prevention and the Rehabilitation of Injury

Question 1

what is an acute injury

Answer 1

an injury that occurs suddenly which is often as a results of a specific mechanism of injuryw

Question 2

what is a chronic injury

Answer 2

an injury that occurs over a period of time and is often an overuse or repetitive injury

Question 3

examples of acute injuries

Answer 3

strain, sprain, fracture, dislocation

Question 4

examples of chronic injuries

Answer 4

tennis elbow, stress fracture, achilles tendonitis

Question 5

characteristics of acute injuries

Answer 5

• sudden serve pain
• swelling around the site
• not being able to bear weight
• restricted movement
• extreme weakness

Question 6

characteristics of chronic injuries

Answer 6

• pain when you complete exercise
• a dull ache when you rest
• sometimes swelling

Question 7

what are the different types of fracture

Answer 7

comminuted, spiral, longitudinal, buckle, hairline, greenstick

Question 8

what is a comminuted fracture

Answer 8

the bone breaks of splinters into 3 or more pieces

Question 9

what is a spiral fracture

Answer 9

a winding break

Question 10

what is a longitudinal fracture

Answer 10

a break the occurs along the length of the bone

Question 11

what is a buckle fracture

Answer 11

occurs in children where to bone deforms but does not break

Question 12

what is a hairline fracture

Answer 12

a partial fracture of the bone the is difficult to detect

Question 13

what is a greenstick fracture

Answer 13

occurs in children where the bone partly fractures on one side but does not break completely

Question 14

what is a strain

Answer 14

a small tear in muscle tissue

Question 15

what is a sprain

Answer 15

a small tear in the ligament tissue

Question 16

what are the different types of ankle sprain

Answer 16

inversion (lateral ligament strain)
eversion (medial ligament strain)
e.g. easily caused by netball

Question 17

characteristics of achilles tendonitis

Answer 17

tendonitis is an overuse injury that causes pain and inflammation of the tendon
- the Achilles connects gastrocnemius to the heel bone and is used for lots of movement

Question 18

characteristics of a stress fracture

Answer 18

an overuse injury where the area becomes tender and swollen
- happens when the muscles become fatigued so they are no longer able to absorb the added shock when intensity of activity is increased

Question 19

characteristics of tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis)

Answer 19

an overuse injury the occurs in the muscles attached to the elbow and used to straighten the wrist
- muscles and tendons become inflamed and tiny tears occur on the outside of the elbow

Question 20

what are the different types of injury prevention

Answer 20

• screening
• protective equipment
• warm-up
• flexibility training
• taping and bracing

Question 21

how does screening reduce injury risk

Answer 21

• when you test people before they exercise to see if they have an underlying problem that might increase the risk of illness or injury
  e.g. previous injuries, postural imbalance

Question 22

how does protective equipment prevent injury

Answer 22

• wearing the correct equipment to reduce the most frequent type of injury in sport
• equipment needs to fit correctly and meet NGB regulation

Question 23

how does flexibility training decrease injury risk

Answer 23

• increased range of movement
• increased muscle elasticity
• reduced muscle tension
• better posture so reduces to chance of a strain

Question 24

how does taping and bracing reduce injury risk

Answer 24

if you have a small injury you can play with but don’t want to make it worse
- helps support and stability of the injured site

Question 25

what are the types of injury rehabilitation methods

Answer 25

- proprioceptive training - strength training - hyperbaric chambers - cryotherapy - hydrotherapy

Question 26

how does hyperbaric chambers help rehabilitate injuries

Answer 26

- to reduce the recovery time for an injury as the chamber is pressurised with 100% pure oxygen - this means that more oxygen can be diffused to the injured area to reduce swelling and stimulate white blood cell activity - increases blood supply to the injury site

Question 27

how does proprioceptive training rehabilitate injuries

Answer 27

- subconcious process that uses a system of receptor nerves located in muscles, joints and tendons - uses hopping, jumping and balance exercises to restore lost proprioception - teaches the body to control the position of an injured joint

Question 28

how does strength training rehabilitate injuries

Answer 28

- uses resistance of some kind to prepare the body for exercise and reduces the chance of injury - can use free weights, body weight or TheraBands

Question 29

how does cryotherapy rehabilitate injuries

Answer 29

- cooling treatment - uses RICE procedure which involves using ice as an analgesic to limit pain and swelling by decreasing blood flow to the injured site - whole body cryotherapy uses chambers reduced to a temp below -100 so upon leaving the chamber, saturated blood with oxygen returns to arms and legs

Question 30

how does hydrotherapy rehabilitate injuries

Answer 30

- takes places in warm water and is used to improve blood circulation and relax muscles - makes exercise easier and reduces the load on joints