D5 Joints Flashcards
What are joints?
2 points
Movement to occur, bones must be linked
Where two or more bones meet known as articulation
Description of fixed (fibrous) joints?
(2 points)
1 Example?
Do not move
Connect bones with dense fibrous connective tissue
Cranium example
Description of Cartilaginous joints(Slightly moveable joints)?
(2 Points)
1 example
Unite bones using cartilage
Do not move very much
Pelvis example
Description of synovial joints (free moveable joint)?
(3 points)
2 examples
Most movement
key to all sporting movements
Make up most of the joints of the limbs
Elbow+Knee examples
Description of hinge joint(synovial joint)?
Movement
2 Examples
(2 points)
Allow movement in one direction only
Elbow+ knee joint only allow movements forwards or backwards examples
Description of ball and socket(synovial joint)?
Movement
2 examples
(3 points)
Rounded shaped socket in the other bone
Allowing movement in all directions
Hip and shoulder joint examples
Description of condyloid joint(synovial joint)?
Movement
(2 points)
A bump(condyle) on one bone sits in the hollow formed by another Movement backwards and forwards+ side to side
Description of gliding(synovial joint)?
Movement
2 examples
(3 points)
Allow movement over a flat surface in all directions
Restricted by ligaments
Carpals and tarsals(wrist and ankles) examples
Description of pivot(synovial joint)?
Movement
1 Example
(3 Points)
Circular bone fits over a peg of another
Allowing controlled rotational movement
Example of atlas and axis in the neck, allows head to move from side to side
Description of saddle(synovial joint)?
Movement
1 Example
(3 Points)
Surfaces are concave and convex
Shaped like a saddle with the other bone resting on it
Movement occurs backwards, forwards, side to side
Thumb Example
What does the joint capsule help?
1 point
Help to hold the bone in place and protect the joint
What is the bursa?
3 points
Small fluid-filled with synovial
Providing a cushion between the tenons of muscles and bones
Prevents friction
What is the articular cartilage?
3 points
On the ends of bone
Provides smooth and slippery covering to stop the bone grinding together
What is the synovial membrane?
1 point
Releases synovial fluid
What does the synovial fluid do?
3 points
Lubricates the joint
Reduces friction
Provides nutrients to the articular cartilage
