DA 101 Flashcards
(119 cards)
1
Q
What are the roles and responsibilities of a dentist
A
- Advocate dental wellness
- interrupt radiographs
- legally accountable + responsible fro staff
- Understand patient needs
- preform skilled dental procedures
- develop treatment plans
- diagnose diseases
2
Q
Endodontist
A
Treats, diagnosis and prevent injury to pulp
3
Q
Pulp
A
the soft tissue inside a tooth
4
Q
Orthodontist
A
Treats and diagnosis malocclusions . Creates corrective devices for growing and mature malocclusions
5
Q
malocclusions
A
Teeth that are unaligned
6
Q
Pedodontist
A
works with adolescents and special needs. provides preventive and therapeutic care
7
Q
Prosthodontist
A
Restore teeth and replace missing teeth with devices
restoration/ reconstruction of oral functions
8
Q
Oral + Maxillofacial Surgeon
A
Invasive procedures on oral + maxillofacial regions, works with orthodontist
- wisdom teeth
9
Q
Maxillofacial
A
bones and tissue of you jaw an lower face
10
Q
Oral + Maxillofacial radiologist
A
uses radiographs to dignoses and treat oral infections and tumours
11
Q
Oral Pathologist
A
preforms biopsies works alongside surgeons to diagnose and treat oral diseases
12
Q
Periodontist
A
Treats the supporting and surrounding structures of the oral cavity
- Gingiva
13
Q
Oral Medicine
A
provides care for long term diseases and complicated medical issues
14
Q
Public Health Dentist
A
promotes and provides dental care to the community
15
Q
What is the role of a dental hygienest
A
to provide treatment and prevention of diseases and infections of the oral cavities
16
Q
Responsibilities of a dental hygienist
A
- educate patients on oral care
- apply sealants and fissures
- Polish teeth (prophylaxis)
- administer local anethestic (freezing)
- probing (measure depth of gums)
- scrapping and scaling of calculus
17
Q
Dental Laboratory Technician
A
Works with all kinds of materials
- crowns
- mouth guards
- dentures
designs and creates corrective devices or replacement of natural teeth
CANNOT work without a written prescription from a dentist
18
Q
Denturist
A
- takes impressions of surrounding tissue
- produces removable prosthesis
- CANNOT diagnose
- works alongside dentist
19
Q
Dental Assistant (Clinical)
A
- Provide patient care and support
- work alongside dentist during procedures
- give topical anesthic
- apply sealants and fissures
- educate patients
- dental dams
- medical record updates
- obtain dental impression s
- clean and sanitize oral tools
- suture removal
20
Q
Dental Assistant (Admin)
A
- greet patients
- work with insurance companies
- scheduling patients
21
Q
Professionalism
A
postitive approach to everything you say and do
22
Q
Scope of practice
A
what you are legally allowed to do and knowing your limits
23
Q
Is the scope of practice the same in each province as a DH
A
NO
24
Q
Sealants
A
filling fissure and ruts in a tooth to prevent cavities
25
HAV
hepatitis A virus
- can affect anyone
- fecal oral
- preventive by keeping clean and washing your hands
- not serious
26
HBV
Hepatitis B Virus
- transmitted through body fluids like saliva if gets into the skin through cuts, lesions + open wounds
- Carrier
- Vaccine
27
HCV
Hepatits C Virus
- transmitted through needles
- no vaccine
- Carrier
- Latent
28
HDV
Hepatits D Virus
- needs HBV present to replace
- Can occur at the same time has HBV, very bad worse than HBV
- HBV vaccine used to protect
29
HEV
Hepatitis E Virus
- transmitted through contaminated water and food
30
HIV
Humman immunedefiency Virus
- your bodies t cells lessons, slowing down your bodies immune system and get sick faster
- opportunistic infections
- STDs, needling sharing
- HIV turns to AIDS
31
Herprevihrus
coming in direct contact with lesions or infectious saliva
- contagious
- dormant
- no vaccines
- cure
32
HPV
Human Papilloma Virus
33
HSV 1+2
Herpes simplex 1
- oral sores
Herpes simple 2
- genital sores
34
HZV
Herpe zoster virus
- chicken pox
35
CMV
Cytomegalovirus
- usually latent
- doesn't cause disease
- rare
- only occurs when another disease is present
36
EBV
Epstein-Barr virus
- attacks lymphnodes
37
TB
Tuberculosis
- respiratory infection
- aerosols (sneezing, coughing + talking)
- latent
38
Legionnaires Disease
Legionella pneumophila bacteria
- attacks lungs (pneumonia)
- spread through lakes, creeks + old water
- indirect transmission
39
Tetnus
lock jaw
- spread through needle sharing, spores formed
- preventive with vaccine
40
Treponema pallidum spirochetes
Syphillis
- STD
- Direct tranmission
41
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus
Aureus
MRSA
- transmitted through open wounds and cuts
- serious
- contracted through close contact places like schools and daycares
- easy to prevent if you maintain hygiene and don't share razors, towels and sheets
- Bacterium that is resistant to some antibiotics
- Carried on the skin or in the nose of healthy people
42
Pathogen
Causes diseases
43
Caries
cavities
44
periodontal disease
Gum (gingiva)
45
Bacteria
- single celled organsim
- lives independently
- grows in moist dark environments
- spread by transmission
46
Normal Flora
harmless bacteria
47
How do you get an infection?
when normal flora and harmful bacteria collide
48
Shapes of bactera
- rod
- sheperical
- spiral
49
Aerobic
needs O2 to grow
50
Anaerobic
doesn't need O2 to grow
51
facultative
with or without O2 can grow
52
Spores
- bacteria remains alive in spore
- most restraint form of life
- Cannot produce disease or reproduce
- Dependant on conditions to become active
53
Virus
- Small
- perfect parasite: needs a host. it replicates and replaces host cell to spread
- HPV, HIV
- direct transmission
- droplet tranmisson
54
Latent
lays dormant in host until favourable conditions
55
Protozoa
- single celled
- independent or codependent
- lives in water or organic materials
- moist soil
- fresh water
- marine habitats
- less harmful
- infection internally like malaria
56
Fungi
organism like mushrooms, yeast and mold
57
Candia
a yeast found in the oral cavity, gastorntial tract or female genitallia
58
Oral Candidasis
- caused by yeast in the mouth
- opportunistic infection: ppl with dentures or young children
- common in HIV infected ppl
59
opportunistic infection
Takes any opportunity to cause disease
60
Prions
- mad cow disease
- caused by the abnormal folding of proteins in the brain
- occurance unkown
- fatal and progressive
61
Gram positive
bacteria that can be seen under a microscope because it holds dye stain (dark purple)
62
Gram negaitive
bacteria that cant be seen under a microscope because it can't hold a dye stain
63
Chain of Infection
1. infectious Pathogen
2. a resivour
3. portal of exit
4. mode of transmission
5. portal of entry
6. Susceptible host
64
Direct Transmission
- person to person contact
- sneezing, coughing and talking
- contact with lesions
- communicable diseases
65
Communicable diseases
spread through contact with ppl body fluids
66
indirect transmission
microorganisms attached to an objected which then is touch by a person and so on
- DA wearing contaminated gloves then touching files
67
Airborne
Droplet infection
- attacks respiratory tracks
68
Droplet infection
disease spread through moisture thay conatin bacteria or viruses
69
Aerosols, spray and spatter
- mist like
- so small
- spread of salvia, nasal secretion and blood by tools used in operatory
- preprocedural mouth rinse used before hand to stop this
70
Parental Transmission
disease spread through breaks in the skin
- blood-borne pathogens: needle stick, human bite + abrasions to skin
71
Blood borne transmisson
blood-borne pathogens: blood and saliva of infected patients
- indirect or direct
72
Food + Water Transmission
- contaminated food + water
73
Fecal oral
- not washing hands
- popular in health care workers and day cares
74
Naturally Acquired Immunity
Active Immunity: individual is infected by a virus so then their body creates anti bodies to fight that specific virus. thus, their body being able to fight it off next time.
Passive Immunity: Antibodies provided from out the source. Mother to fetus through pregnancy or breast feeding.
75
Artificially Acquired Immunity
individual receives vaccine or immunization for specific virus.
76
Vaccine
a weeker version or a genetically generated version of virus that is injected into the body
77
Inherited Immunity
present at birth
78
Acquired Immunity
Immunity gained throughout a persons life time
79
Acute infections
short but severe
- symptomatic
- common cold
80
Chronic Infections
Long lasting or life long infections
- carrier
81
Latent infections
symptoms of infections come and gos
- come inconact then remains dormant until favourable conditions
82
IPC
Infection and prevention control
83
Ethics
moral good or bad
84
Code of Ethics
1. autonomy
2. nonmaleficence
3. beneficence
4. Be compenant
5. be honest + fair
6. respectful and inclusive
85
Autonomy
Patient has the right to refuse a treatment
Patient confidentially
Fully informed
86
Nonmalefience
to do no harm
- knowing what is in your scope of practice and staying currentB
87
Benefience
do good
- exceeding at your job, working in a timely matter and putting your patient well being first
88
Be Component
be confidant and professional
89
Be honest and fair
Not neglacting or with holding information from a patient.
90
Respectful + Inclusive
Giving treatment to matter what race, ethnicity, income or medical condition
91
How to solve an ethical dilemma
1. collect info and identify issue ( who,what, why, where)
2. determine feasible alternatives ( what produces the best outcome)
3. propose and test ( how will it effect the person, would a good person do this?)
4. make your choice (was it correct, could you have done something differently?)
92
Civil Law
made against an individual
93
contract law
Binding agreement between 2 or more ppl with the exchange of a service for money
- expressed contract: written or verbal agreement used in big operations
- implied contract: established by actions. Patient comes in with toothache that they want gone
94
Tort Law
Harm to a person or damage property
- intentional: breech of confindanticaly
- Unintentional: Spill something on a patient
95
Act of Omission VS Commission
omission: not doing something that should've been done
- not taking a patients radiograph and they have a periodontal disease
Commission: doing something that should not have been done
- taking out the wrong tooth
96
Criminal law
goes against society
97
Felony VS Misdemeanour VS Infraction
Felony: Major crime + injailment
- insurance fraud
Misdemeanour: lesser offence + shorter punishment
- falling out of your scope of practice
Infraction: minor + fine
- not renewing your CADA
98
Dental Auxiliary
Being able to preform more advance interoral and extraoral skills with preferred skills and credentials
99
Direct VS Indirect VS General Supervison
Direct: Dentist is in the opertory
Indirect: Dentist is in the office
General: dentist doesn't need to be there bc DA was instructed what to do
100
Patient of record
Has been seen by the dentist and discused treatment plan
101
Standard of Care
Level of care dentist should provide
102
Due care
Effort is made to not harm patient and no neglagince
103
Abandonment
withdrawing care from patient bc they are not participating and or DDS is unable to see them but provide a component replacement
104
Patient Responsibilities
must pay agreed amount and follow oral care instructions
105
Malpractice
negligence
1. Duty of Care—there was not a formal dentist–patient relationship.
2. Dereliction—refers to the dentist not providing the patient with the care and treatment needed and expected.
3. Direct cause—the negligent act by the dentist was the direct cause of the injury.
4. Damages—the patient must show that they have actually suffered harm, physically, mentally, or both.
all 4 are needed to sue for malpractice
106
Risk Reduction
1. Communication skills
2. accurate and completed records
3. receiving informed consent
4. maintaining high standards
107
Informed Consent
Patient and DDS have discussed treatment and patient is aware
108
Associations
Best interest of its members
1. National level: CDAA (Canadian Dental assistant association)
2.Local level: EDAA (Edmonton Dental assistant association)
3.Military RDCC (Royal Canadian Dental Corporation)
in order for you association to be represented nationally they mist register under CADA
109
Regulators
Best interest of the public
- protect patients
- have a set of rule and regulations to follow in order to be apart of CADA
110
HPA
Health profession act
used to regulate DA's to keep the public safe
111
CADA
college of dental assistants of Alberta
- annual registration
- self governed
112
Under CADA a DA has to maintain....
1. professional practice standards
- code of ethics
- essential complaints
- standard of practice
- restricted activities
2.Registration and Practice Permits
- Application
- National Dental Assisting Examining Board Exam(s)
- Protected titles (RDA, DA)
3. Continuing Competence
4. Professional Conduct
- Complaints investigation
- Hearings
- Practice Remediation
- Discipline
113
CDA
Canadian Dental Association
114
ADA
Alberta Dental Association
115
CDSA
College of Dental Surgeons of Alberta
116
CDHA
Canadian Dental Hygienist Association
117
ACDH
Alberta College of Dental Hygienist
118
NDAEB
National Dental Assistant Examination Board
119
CPE
Clinical Practice Evaluation
