Darby Chapter 14 Vital Signs Quiz 1

Question 1

Vital Signs are often an indication of a patients ___and ___

Answer 1

cardiovascular and overall health

Question 2

Patients may exhibit abnormal vital signs due to a variety of causes, including

Answer 2

pathologic conditions and other external factors that may be unrelated to health

Question 3

Vital Signs are indicators of health status: what are the indicators

Answer 3

Body Temp
Pulse Rate
Blood Pressure

Question 4

What techniques are used to determine vital signs

Answer 4

Inspection, Palpation, Auscultation

Question 5

Acceptable Ranges for Adults
Body Temp:
Pulse:
Respirations:
Blood Pressure:

Answer 5

Body Temp: 36 C - 38 C or 96.8-100.4
Average oral 98.6 or 37 C
Pulse: 60-100 beats per minute Average 80 beats
Respirations: 12-20 respirations per minute
Blood Pressure
120/80

Question 6

When to take vital signs

Answer 6

• before/after/druing surgical procedures
• at every ccx
• when pt taking medication that can affect bp
• before administering anesthetic/nitrous

Question 7

Allow patient to sit quietly for at lest _ minutes before taking blood pressure

Answer 7

5 minutes

Question 8

Body temperature is regulated by

Answer 8

the brains hypothalamic area, which acts as the bodys thermostat

Question 9

The hypothalamus senses changes in ____ and sends ___ out to the body to correct them

Answer 9

temperature

impulses

Question 10

Body perspires when

Answer 10

rise in body temp

Question 11

body shivers

Answer 11

decrease in body temp

Question 12

5 sites to measure body temp

Answer 12

Oral, Ear, rectal, axilla, forehead

Question 13

Body temp is recorded in

Answer 13

degrees fahrenheit

Question 14

Different thermometers

Answer 14

Disposable
Tympanic membrane 
Axillary electronic
Pacifier
Electronic digital

Question 15

If fever is suspected patient should be

Answer 15

rescheduled

Question 16

If a fever is present and it is dental related

Answer 16

immediate treatment and antibiotic therapy may be indiacted

Question 17

Integrity of the cardiovascular system, Intermittent beat of the heart felt through the walls of an artery

Answer 17

Pulse

Question 18

Tachycardia

Answer 18

above 100 beats per minute. Elevated heart rate. However normal for stress or exercise

Question 19

Bradycardia

Answer 19

below 60 beats per mintue abnormal slow heart rate, athletes may have bradycardia as result of physcial conditioning

Question 20

Body Sites where the rhythmic beats of an artery can be felt

Answer 20

Pulse Points

Question 21

Most common site for assesing pulse. How many fingers used

Answer 21

Radial Pulse.2

Question 22

When taking pulse and cant find radial pulse use

Answer 22

carotid pulse on neck

Question 23

Pulse Descriptions

Answer 23

Heart Rhythm (regular or irregular)
Pulse Quality (thready, strong, bounding, weak

Question 24

Alternating strong and weak heartbeats may indicate ventricular failure

Answer 24

Pulsus alternans

Question 25

rate is assessed by counting the rise and fall (i.e, inspiration and expiration) of the patient's chest and is recorded as respirations per minute (rpm).

Answer 25

Respiration

Question 26

Tachypnea

Answer 26

rapid breathing greater than 20 rpm may indicate restricitve lung disease or inflammation of the lungs

Question 27

3 things asscotiated with increased breathing

Answer 27

physcial exercise anxiety metabolic acidosis

Question 28

Deep labored breathing is associated with

Answer 28

diabetic ketoacidosis

Question 29

obstructed breathing is associated with 4 things

Answer 29

asthma chronic bronchitis congetstive heart disease chronic obstrcutive pulmonary disease

Question 30

the force exerted by the blood against the arterial walls when the heart contracts, is an important indicator of current cardiovascular function and a risk indicator of future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Answer 30

Blood Pressure

Question 31

Chronic Hypertension

Answer 31

causes thickening and loss of elasticity in the arterial walls, which can lead to myocardial infarction (heart attack), heart failure, stroke, and kidney disease.

Question 32

Hhypotension

Answer 32

(low blood pressure) is not dangerous unless the patient has noticeable chronic signs and symptoms or if the patient is in a state of shock or is affected by a disorder or condition that lowers the blood pressure. In fact, the lower the blood pressure, the better the long-term prognosis for cardiovascular health. Bowen, Denise M.,Pieren, Jennifer A. Darby and Walsh Dental Hygiene E-Book (Kindle Locations 10666-10668). Elsevier Health Sciences. Kindle Edition.

Question 33

Acute change in bp

Answer 33

indicate emergency situation

Question 34

measures the maximum pressure occurring in the blood vessels during cardiac ventricular contraction (systole) and is the number on the BP cuff when the first heart sound is heard

Answer 34

Systolic Blood Pressure

Question 35

Sphygmomanometer

Answer 35

BP CUFF

Question 36

Diastolic Blood Pressure measures

Answer 36

measures the minimum pressure occurring against the arterial walls as a result of cardiac ventricular relaxation (diastole) and is the number on the sphygmomanometer when the last heart sound is heard.

Question 37

When documenting BP record

Answer 37

date and arm used

Question 38

Hypertensive Crisis

Answer 38

crisis is a systolic blood pressure greater than 180 mm Hg and/or a diastolic blood pressure greater than 120 mm Hg 3 (consult a medical doctor immediately).

Question 39

___ is the major cause of stroke and contributing factor for myocardial infarction

Answer 39

hypertension

Question 40

The sphygmomanometer consists of a pressure-measuring device called a ___and an inflatable cuff that wraps around the arm or leg. Portable

Answer 40

manometer

Question 41

The recommended cuff width should be

Answer 41

20percent more than the upper arm diameter

Question 42

Instrument used to amplify sound, consists of two earpieces, binaurals, plastic or rubber tubing and a chest piece. Chest Piece has 2 sides, the bell and diaphragm

Answer 42

Stethoscope

Question 43

Explain Korotkoff sounds

Answer 43

When the bladder within the occluding cuff is deflated, the blood begins to flow intermittently through the brachial artery ( Fig. 14.9 ), producing rhythmic, knocking sounds. These sounds are referred to as Korotkoff (ko-rot-kov) sounds . As the cuff is deflated further, the Korotkoff sounds become less audible, and the pulse eventually disappears. See Fig. 14.10 for the five Korotkoff sounds described in phases.

Question 44

a period of abnormal silence that occurs between the Korotkoff phases, can occur when measuring blood pressure in older patients with a wide pulse pressure. This gap usually appears between the first and second systolic sounds. Failure to recognize the auscultatory gap results in an underestimation of the systolic pressure.

Answer 44

Auscultatory gap