DASH ONE: SECTION 5 (Limits) Flashcards
You should be able to tell all the limits and notes/cautions/warnings
RPM limits
Normal operating range: 2200-2700RPM
Maximum 2700 RPM
Since instances of inadverdent overspeed do occur, reporting to then technician in charge is mandatory, if RPM exceed “…”
2700 for more than 2 seconds, or RPM exceed 2730 regardless of duration
The engine must not be operated above 2700 RPM. Doing so will result in “…”
“Abnormal wear on bearings, counterweight rollers and other engine parts, concluding in possible engine failure.”
Oil pressure
Normal operating range: 60-85 PSI
Caution range: 25-60 PSI and 85-100 PSI
Minimum for engine idling: 25 PSI
Maximum for engine start and warm-up: 100 PSI
Oil temperature
Normal operating range: 50-120°C
Maximum: 120°C
Cylinder head temp.
Normal operating range: 105-225°C
Caution range: 225-245°C
Maximum: 245°C
WEIGHT
Normal category -definition
AUW (All Up Weight) less than 1200kg
CG is not behind 30% of MAC
WEIGHT
Utility I category -definition
AUW (All Up Weight) less than 1125kg
CG is not behind 27,5% of MAC
WEIGHT
Utility II category -definition
AUW (All Up Weight) less than 1000kg
CG is not behind 27,5% of MAC
WEIGHT
Aerobatic category -definition
AUW (All Up Weight) less than 900kg
CG is not behind 27,5% of MAC
Normal category
Maneuvers?
G limits?
- Any maneuvers used in normal flight
- Stalls (except whip stall, hammer stall)
- Lazy eights, chandelles, and steep turns with angle of bank not exceeding 60°.
G limits: 4,4 positive and 2,2 negative
Utility I category
Maneuvers?
G limits?
- Any maneuvers used in normal category
- Erect stall
- Spins
- Lazy eights, chandelles, and steep turns with angle of bank exceeding 60°.
G limits: 4,8 positive and 2,4 negative
Utility II category
Maneuvers?
G limits?
- Any maneuvers used in utility category I
- Rolling
- Looping
- Half roll (Split-S)
- Top roll (Immelmann)
G limits: 5,4 positive and 2,7 negative
Aerobatic category
Maneuvers?
G limits?
- Any maneuvers used in utility category I and II
G limits: 6,0 positive and 3,0 negative
Maximum landing weight?
1140 kg
“no flight should be planned for a landing weight in excess of this limit.”
- Maximum number of persons on board?
- Maximum permissible load in the rear compartment?
- Max 3 persons on board OR the number of seats equipped with safety harnesses.
- One person + 50 kg luggage / a total of 100 kg luggage / 150 kg luggage if placed on special cargo floorboard
Inverted flight time limit?
10 seconds - due to engine oil system design
During and/or immediately after inverted flight, you may momentarily experience a “…” due to air locks in the fuel system.
“Power loss”
How many persons are allowed during aerobatic flight?
What is allowed in the rear compartment?
- 2 persons
- Rear seat and baggage compartment must be empty.
AIRSPEED LIMITS
SPEED - Vne
Vne
(Never exceed)
196 knots
Do not exceed this speed in any operation.
AIRSPEED LIMITS
SPEED - Vno
Vno
(Max. structural cruising)
154 knots
Do not exceed this speed except in smooth air and then only with caution.
AIRSPEED LIMITS
SPEED - Va
Va
(Max. maneuvering)
143 knots
Do not make full abrupt control movements above this speed.
AIRSPEED LIMITS
SPEED - Vf
Vf
Flaps extended (1-10°)
130 knots
AIRSPEED LIMITS
SPEED - Vfe
Vfe
Flaps extended (11-38°)
100 knots
