Data Test

Question 1

dependent variable

Answer 1

Is the factor in an experiment which is measured and changed due to the independent variable

Question 2

Independent variable

Answer 2

Factor in an experiment which is deliberately changed in order to test its effects on the dependent variable. Used for causation

Question 3

Control Variable

Answer 3

Keep something the same so you are able to compare

Question 4

extraneous variable

Answer 4

other than the iv can change the dv. researchers try to control and minimise in order to get accurate data

Question 5

confounding variable

Answer 5

type of extraneous that you haven’t controlled

Question 6

correlational design

Answer 6

cant show causation, determines a relationship between two or more dv without manipulating them

Question 7

experimental design

Answer 7

looks to show causation, changes the iv to change the dv and is physically changing

Question 8

null hypothesis

Answer 8

predicts there is no relationship between variables

Question 9

alternative hypothesis

Answer 9

predicts a relationship between variables

Question 10

directional alternative hypothesis

Answer 10

picks a side
eg. bigger / smaller, increased / decreased

Question 11

non direcional alternative hypothesis

Answer 11

predicts a difference, doesn’t pick a side

Question 12

target population

Answer 12

the entire group of individuals a researcher is invested in studying

Question 13

sample population

Answer 13

selection of people that you are going to choose to use in your experiment

Question 14

random - sampling method

Answer 14

• represents target population
• each member selected has the same chance of being selected

Question 15

convenience - sampling method

Answer 15

• subjects selected because of convenience
• not necessarily representative of target population
  eg. proximity / availability

Question 16

stratified - sampling method

Answer 16

• identifies key features of target population
  then includes members of each strata in similar proportions
• highly representative

Question 17

independent experimental design

Answer 17

each “group” only does one condition either experimental or control

Question 18

repeated measures experimental design

Answer 18

each group does both conditions, controlled and experimental

Question 19

matched participants experimental data

Answer 19

each group only does one condition but ensures each group contains a similar sample method

Question 20

longitudinal design

Answer 20

research over time
eg. track same participant every five years

Question 21

cross sectional design

Answer 21

• multiple age groups

Question 22

sequential design

Answer 22

• made up of multiple age groups
• data controlled over the same period of time

Question 23

qualitative data

Answer 23

descriptive data that captures qualities, characteristics or concepts
eg. colours, emotions, opinions, textures, scents

Question 24

quantitative data

Answer 24

numerical data
eg. height, weight, age, temperature

Question 25

subjective data

Answer 25

- based on personal opinions, feelings or interpretations eg. saying that chocolate is the best ice cream flavour

Question 26

objective data

Answer 26

- based on facts, evidence and measurable data eg. water boils at 100 degrees at sea level

Question 27

nominal measurement

Answer 27

- names eg. red car, blue car etc

Question 28

ordinal measurement

Answer 28

order in which data is collected is important

Question 29

interval data

Answer 29

- doesn't have a real zero - intervals between data are equal eg. temperature

Question 30

ratio measurement

Answer 30

- real zero - gaps are the same between intervals