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AA IGCSE CS > Data Transmission > Flashcards

Data Transmission Flashcards

1
Q

data is broken down into _______ in order to be transmitted

A

packets

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2
Q

structure of data packet

A

header, payload, trailer

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3
Q

what does the header contain

A
  • Sends IP address
  • Receiver’s IP address
  • Packet Number
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4
Q

what does the payload contain

A

Data/part of message

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5
Q

what does the trailer contain

A

Bits to show end of packet

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6
Q

what is a packet

A

small unit of data that can be transmitted from a sender to a receiver through a network communication protocol

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7
Q

what is packet switching

A

method used to efficiently transmit data from th sender to the receiver

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8
Q

steps of packet switching

A
  • data is broken down into packets
  • headers info is used by router to determine source and destination of packet
  • packets take different routes and so arrive out of order
  • payload carries the actual data
  • trailer tells receiver that the end of the packet has ben reached
  • once arrived, packets are reordered
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9
Q

advantages of packet switching

A

take different routes which ensures data will arrive despite route availability
- transmission errors can be detected

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10
Q

disadvantages of packet switching

A
  • packets may be dropped if they move around a network for to long (they each have a TTL value)
  • a single delayed packet can cause entire message to be delayed
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11
Q

which factors determine which method is best for transmission

A

number of bits, number of wires, direction of data

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12
Q

overall, transmission can be

A

serial or parallel

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13
Q

what is serial transmission

A

one single wire is used to connect, bits are transmitted one at a time

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14
Q

advantages of serial

A
  • more reliable
  • bits arrive in order so wont be mixed up
  • chances of bits being lost is slim
  • long distance
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15
Q

what is parallel transmission

A

multiple wires to connect sending with receiving, several bits are sent simultaneously

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16
Q

advantages of parallel

A
  • faster than serial
17
Q

disadvantages of parallel

A
  • bits may arrive out of order
  • expensive method to implement over longer distance because it requires multiple wires
  • low reliability
  • short distance
18
Q

3 types of data direction in transmission

A

simplex, half-duplex, duplex

19
Q

what is simplex

A

only one device can transmit data (one direction)

20
Q

example of simplex

A

connection between computer and printer using USB cable

21
Q

what is half-duplex

A

both sending and receiving device can transmit data but not at the same time

22
Q

example of half-duplex

A

walkie-taklies

23
Q

what is full duplex

A

both sending and receiving devices can transmit data at the same time

24
Q

example of full duplex

A

telephone, video games

25
Q

data synchronisation can be

A

synchronous or asynchronous

26
Q

what is synchronous

A

Data as a string of bits, also containing timing signals, that are generated by an internal clock.

27
Q

what is asynchronous

A

data is sent in groups in an agreed pattern

28
Q

what does USB stand for

A

universal serial bus

29
Q

what is USB

A

communication interface that has become standard for connecting devices to host controllers

30
Q

what method does USB use

A

serial

31
Q

examples of USB use

A

digital cameras, keyboard, printers

32
Q

Newer USB-C is capable of

A

transferring data in both directions

33
Q

what synchronisation does USB use

A

asynchronous

34
Q

advantages of USB

A
  • Device drivers are installed automatically
  • USB interface is self-configuring
  • The connectors can only be connected in a particular manner. This property makes sure the user does not connect it in an incorrect manner
  • Several data transmission rates are supported
  • Newer USBs are compatible with the older USB standard
35
Q

how many pins is USB composed of and what ar their uses

A

4 pins - 2 for connecting wires that transmit data and 2 for wires that carry the power

36
Q

steps to connecting USB to computer

A
  • Device detected through change in voltage lines
  • Speed, type, configuration determined by computer.
  • Computer loads driver
  • Computer prompts user to install required driver id not already available.

AA IGCSE CS (14 decks)

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