Day 1 Flashcards
Acute Pain (Eudynia)
The normal predicted physiologic response to an adverse chemical, thermal or mechanical stimulus. Usually treatable.
Chronic Pain
Pain that progresses or persists over a long period of time. Often resistant to medical treatments.
Maldynia
Pain that lasts greater than 3 months. It has no usefulness, and becomes a disease in its own right.
Hyperalgesia
Increased response to a stimulus that normally is painful
Hypoalgesia
Diminished response to a normally painful stimulus.
Analgesia
Absence of pain to a normally painful response
Paresthesia
An abnormal sensation, whether spontaneous or evoked. pens and needles.
Allodynia
Pain resulting from a stimulus (such as light touch) that does not normally elicit pain.
Adaptive Pain
Contributes to survival by protecting organism from injury or promoting healing when injury has occurred.
Maladaptive Pain
Also called chronic pain, is a disease that represents pathologic functioning of the nervous system.
4 processes associated with pain
Transduction, Transmission, Modulation, Perception
bradykinin
Causes the most pain and may be the single agent most responsible for causing the tissue damage type of pain.
Causes release of histamine and seratonin
Nociceptive Pain
Involves the normal neural processing of pain that occurs when free nerve endings are activated by tissue damage or inflammation.
- Somatic
- Deep (visceral)
Neuropathic Pain
Involves the abnormal processing of stimuli from the peripheral or central nervous system and is thought to serve no useful purpose.
Transduction
The conversion of a noxious stimulus. Thermal, mechanical or chemical transferred into electrical activity in the peripheral terminals of nociceptor sensory fibers
Modulation
Refers to alteration of sensory input. can be augmentation or suppression.
Perception
Refers to the decoding of afferent input into the brain that gives rise to the individuals specific sensory experience
Neospinalthalamic tract
Myelinated, Fast pain, Type A fibers transmitted at a fast velocity giving rise to a sharp, stabbing pain response.
Paleospinothalamic tract
non-myelinated, Slow pain, type C fibers transmitted slowly to give rise to dull, aching pain.
First order neurons
Detect stimuli that threaten the integrity of innervated tissue.
Second order neurons
Located in the spinal cord and process nociceptive info.
Third order neurons
Project pain information to the brain.
Somatic Pain
Post-op, tissue death pain. Normal injury pain.
Muscle, tendon, joints and blood vessels.
More diffuse, various stimuli
-Sprained ankle
Visceral Pain
Referred pain, may be due to intermingling of second order neurons from skin and viscera.
Pain caused by stretch receptors in the viscera.
Localized damage may be painless, widespread damage can lead to severe pain.
