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eMedica AKT Prep Course > Day 1 > Flashcards

Day 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Heart sounds louder on Expiration?

A

Left sided - Aortic and Mitral

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2
Q

Heart sounds louder on inspiration?

A

Right sided
- Tricuspid
- Pulmonary

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3
Q

Murmur with loud opening snap?

A

Mitral stenosis

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4
Q

MoA of spironolactone?

A

Aldosterone antagonist.
K+ sparing diuretic.

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5
Q

smell before seizure? Ref?

A

?temporal lobe epilepsy.
Ref neuro 2wks (urgent)

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6
Q

Who is offered AAA screening?

A

Men > 65y.o

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7
Q

Cut off criteria at AAA screening?

A

(i). <3cm 0 no further screening
(ii). 3 - 5.5cm - repeat / check progression
(iii). > 5.5cm - Ref vascular.

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8
Q

MoA Triptans?

A

Vasoconstriction Cranial vessels (migraine they vasodilate)

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9
Q

Contraindication for Triptans and why?

A

Why: potential to vasoconstrict other vessels
Contraindications - IHD/CAD, Stroke/TIA, uncontrolled HTN

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10
Q

What causes Shingles?

A

Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)

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11
Q

What virus causes Chickenpox

A

Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)

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12
Q

How many times typically does someone get shingles?

A

Once

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13
Q

MCC pericaditis?

A

Virus

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14
Q

Is DM a risk factor for AAA?

A

No

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15
Q

Alternative to Allopurinol for gout treatment?

A

Febuxostat

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16
Q

Uric acid target for pt on allupurinol / febuxostat for chronic gout?

A

<360 umol/l
< 300 if repeated attacks.

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17
Q

Two Thiazide like diuretics?

A

Indapamide
Chlorthalidone

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18
Q

Why do DM have increased risk of vitreous haemorrhage?

A

New blood vessle formation

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19
Q

Presentation of vitreous haemorrhage?

A

p/w sudden painless vision loss - e.g., curtain/flatters/black specs, cobweb vision (tunnel vision).

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20
Q

What does keratitis mean?

A

Inflammation of the cornea

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21
Q

Other name for Dendritic Keratitis?

A

Dendritic (corneal/Branching pattern) ulcer

22
Q

What causes dendritic ulcer?

A

Herpes simplex virus

23
Q

Mx dendritic ulcer?

A

Admit, risk of scaring.

24
Q

Another name for Shingles?

A

Herpes Zoster

25
neuritis meaning?
inflammation / degeneration of nerve
26
SM associated presentation of optic neuritis?
Unilateral, moderate, plainFULL visionLOSS.
27
symptoms of Retinosa pigmentosa?
Child, night blindness and tunnel vision. Inherited.
28
Central Artery occlusion presentation?
Cheery red spot Macula. Sudden painless vision loss.
29
Rx embarrassing generalised erythema?
Propranolol Clonidine
30
dermatitis defintion?
Inflammation of skin
31
cellulitis defintion
Infection fot he skin
32
Name of condition what causes life threatening inflammation of whole body?
Erythroderma
33
Other name for exfoliative dermatitis?
Erythroderma
34
polycythaemia defintion?
↑ RBCs
35
Other name for polycythaemia?
Erythrocytosis
36
Whjats condition causes bilaterally tender red bumps over shines?
Erythema nodosum
37
Nodule defintion?
Small red bumps 1-2cms.
38
mucocutaneous definition?
Skin and mucous membranes.
39
Another name for mucos membrane?
Mucosa
40
What skin conditions presents with target lesion on hands and feet?
Erythema multiforme.
41
Rosacea Rx options (3):
1. Metronidazoel 0.75% gel/cream BD 3/12 2. Lymecycline 408 PO OD 3/12 3. Topical Ivermectin OD 3/12
42
What is + cause of Livedo reticularis
Marble cyanotic pattern Bilat shine b/c cold exposure.
43
Skin condition from repeating heating i.e., hot water bottle, called?
Erythema ab igne
44
maculopapular meaning?
Rash with both flat and raised parts.
45
Viral rash presentation?
blanching maculaopapular rash + viral symptoms
46
Name of bug that causes Lyme disease?
Borrelia burgdorferi, tick bite from deer/sheep
47
Rx lyme disease?
Doxycyline 3/52
48
NAme of rash in lyme disease?
Erythema migrans.
49
Defintion of eczema?
Itchy dry inflammed skin
50
Ulcers defintion?
Painfull erosions
51

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