Day 1 pt.2 Flashcards
(18 cards)
What major event happened in 1588?
The defeat of the Spanish Armada signaled the decline of Spanish power and the rise of England as a global power.
How did Henry VIII’s struggles to have a son lead to the Protestant Reformation in England?
Henry VIII broke from the Catholic Church to form the Church of England after the Pope refused to annul his marriage, starting the Reformation.
What political reason caused Elizabeth I to not marry?
Elizabeth I remained unmarried to maintain her independence and avoid foreign political entanglements.
Why did English citizens want to go to America?
Seeking religious freedom, economic opportunities, land, and escape from political persecution.
What was the first English colony? Why did it disappear?
Roanoke (1587): Disappeared mysteriously, likely due to conflicts, starvation, or assimilation with Native Americans.
What was the first successful English colony?
Jamestown (1607): It succeeded due to its cultivation of tobacco as a cash crop.
What religion were the founders of Plymouth?
Pilgrims were Separatists, a branch of Puritans seeking religious freedom.
How was Plymouth’s creation different than Jamestown’s?
Plymouth was founded for religious freedom, while Jamestown was established primarily for economic reasons.
What cash crop made Jamestown successful?
Tobacco.
What was indentured servitude?
A system where individuals worked for a set number of years in exchange for passage to America.
What year did slavery begin in the American colonies?
1619.
How did Bacon’s Rebellion lead to a rise in African slavery?
Plantation owners turned to African slaves as a more controllable labor source after the rebellion exposed the dangers of relying on indentured servants.
How did businessmen finance colonies?
Through joint-stock companies, where investors pooled money to fund colonial ventures.
What type of criminal was Georgia founded to shelter?
Debtors and petty criminals.
How did Mercantilism work?
Colonies provided raw materials to the mother country, which produced finished goods to sell back to the colonies, benefiting the home economy.
What was a cash crop?
A crop grown primarily for sale and profit rather than personal use (e.g., tobacco, cotton).
