Day 5

Question 1

Review

Answer 1

MDA is only for non-precision approaches

MSA is minimum safe altitude for missed approaches. Top left corner of profile view is the missed approach info

Approach lighting is a circled A and a number… a dot on top indicates sequenced flashing approach lighting

Feeder routes must have altitude, direction and distance

Question 2

Precision approach

Answer 2

A precision approach is a standard instrument procedure in which an electronic glide-slope or other vertical guidance glide-path is provided in addition to lateral course guidance

• All precision approaches utilize a DECISION ALTITUDE (DA)

Arrival at this DA also constitutes a Missed Approach Point (MAP) for a precision approach

Currently, the FAA and ICAO recognize these approaches as precision

• Instrument Landing System (ILS)
• Precision Approach Radar (PAR) (ground controlled approach [GCA])
• RNAV (GPS) Approach landing system utilizing Ground Based Augmentation Systems (GBAS)

ILS is internationally accepted as the standard for ground based precision approaches.

GPS GBAS approach landing system is currently only approved by 22 airports internationally and not used by Army Aircraft

RNAV (GPS) utilizes satellite based augmentation systems (SBAS)

HAT vs HAA (AGL):

• HAT is height above touchdown zone (ILS/RNAV approaches)
• HAA is height above airport (*for circling pattern)

Question 3

ILS

Answer 3

Provides the following:

• lateral guidance info (localizer)
• vertical guidance info (glideslope)
• range info (marker beacons and/or DME)
• visual info (runway markings and lights)

Localizer - located centerline of runway at opposite end of approach runway emitting 90hz and 150hz signal pattern. Varies between 3* and 6* with 5* being normal

At 10NM, SIGNAL IS 1NM wide, does not normally reach more than 18NM

**Glide-slope is a vertical guidance system that emits 2 intersecting signal patterns arrayed on top of each other modulated at 90 and 150Hz

Width of overlap area is 1.4* or +/-0.7* from optimum glide-slope. Glide-slope angle is between 2-4.5* degrees above the horizontal plane

Depicted at the FAF as a zig zag pointer and glide-slope intercept altitude (depicted) is the altitude to be flown for intercept

Give FAF as “Maltese cross at locator outer marker”… not altitude

Can use the climb/descent table to get your glide-slope angle, OR E6B using ground speed and angle (3* glide slope)