Deck 1 Flashcards by Unknown Unknown

What are the 5 sources of aircraft power

Batteries fitted to aircraft
Batteries connected to aircraft on the ground
On board generators
Ground power generators
APU

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What are batteries used for on aircraft?

Short-term power for refuelling and engine starting
Emergency use for fire suppression and lighting

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What are the 2 types of battery

Primary cells
Secondary cells

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What is the difference between primary and secondary cells

Primary - will discharge electrical energy once
Secondary - Can be recharged and used again

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What are the the 2 types of secondary cell used in aircraft

Lead-Acid cell
Alkaline (nickel-cadmium) cell

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What is the advantage of using alkaline cells over lead-acid

The battery can be left in a discharged or partially discharged state without causing damage

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How are lead-acid and alkaline batteries identified

Lead-acid: Pink or Green
Alkaline: Light blue

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What hazards are present when using batteries

Electrolytes are highly reactive and corrosive
Explosive hydrogen gas can be created
Create high temperatures and fires

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What 3 maintenance activities can be carried out on batteries

Voltage checks
Examination
Replacement

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What are the risks associated with electrolytes

Severe chemical burns
Dangerous to the eyes
Burn and destroy clothing

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How should acid or alkaline spillages be dealt with

Acid: Use alkaline solution (bicarbonate of soda)
Alkaline: Use acid solution (chromic acid)

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Why is the current of a battery monitored during charging

Risk of excessive gassing and overheating.
Prevent thermal runaway

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What can cause thermal runaway in a battery

Separator breakdown due to age
Constant loss of electrolyte
Short circuits
Overcharging

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What are the risks of thermal runaway

Electrolyte spillage
Emission of dangerous gases
Explosion

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What are the 5 types of Busbar

Battery
Vital
Essential
Non-essential
Main AC

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Why are Busbars used

Not all equipment can be directly connected to the battery, and are instead connected to a central distribution point

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What colour fuse is used to warn others that work is being done on a system

Yellow

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What is an advantage of circuit breakers over fuses

CB’s can be reset after being tripped

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What is the most common type of damage to circuit breakers

Plunger can easily snap off, care should be taken

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What is the output from a main aircraft generators

28V DC (TRU)
200V AC (400Hz 3 phase generator)

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What faults are monitored by the Generator Control Unit (GCU)

Over voltage
Under voltage
Over frequency
Under frequency

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What are the secondary sources of power for an aircraft

Transformers
Transformer rectifier units
Inverters

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What is the difference between a TRU and an inverter

TRU - AC to DC
Inverter - DC to AC

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What are the 2 types of inverter

Rotary
Static

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What is an APU

Small engine that drives an independent generator or gearbox mounted with generators

What is Load Shedding

Only vital and essential loads receive power in event of an emergency

How many pins does an AC and DC NATO standard connector have

AC - 6 pins DC - 3 pins

Why can the earth connection be removed when using certain types of Ground Power Units (GPUs)

Some GPUs have their own earth connection. Failure to remove can cause high currents to be present in the aircraft structure

What are the risks of static electricity on aircraft

Fire risks Interference with equipment Danger to personell

What are the 4 categories of internal lighting

Cockpit Cabin Servicing Emergency

What are the 2 main requirements for lighting on an aircraft

Internal External (NVG compatible on military aircraft)

What are the 5 categories of external lighting

Navigation Anti-Collision Formation keeping Search/landing/taxi Downward identification

What lights represent which direction an aircraft is facing/heading

Red - port Green - starboard

What are the 4 components of a basic computer

Input Memory CPU Output

What are the 4 types of input device

Keyboard Switches Flight controls Sensors

What are the 2 types of output

Display units Flying controls

What 2 types of signal can be received and interpreted by the aircraft computer

Analogue Digital

What are the 4 components of a Databus

Controller Monitor Remote terminal Wiring

What are the 2 types of wiring present in a databus

Copper Coaxial cable Fibre optic

What are the 3 types of software used on aircraft

Firmware Operational software Databases

What are the 6 basic types of aircraft instrument

Airspeed indicator Altimeter Attitude indicator Direction indicator Vertical speed Turn-and-slip

What is the advantage of Multi-purpose displays over Cathode ray tubes

Smaller Lighter Efficient Reliable Cheaper

What is a HDD and its problems presented to the pilot

Heads down display Diverts pilot attention by changing focus of the eyes and sight out of the cockpit window

What is a UFD and the data it shows

Up front display Warnings, cautions, advisories and communication status

What does EFIS stand for

Electronic flight instrument systems

What are the 2 components of an EFIS

Primary flying display (PFD) Navigation display (ND)

What are the benefits of EFIS over traditional flight instruments

Displays all critical information Improve pilots situational awareness Reduces time needed to monitor instruments

How does a PFD alert the pilot to hazardous conditions

Changing the colour and shape of the display or providing audio alerts

What is the engine indication and crew alerting system (EICAS) used for

To provide all engine information in a simpler format

What advantages do HUDs provide

Wider field of view Navigation and positional data and weapon trajectory Overlay of other views such as infrared and night vision

What is the disadvantage of Helmet mounted displays?

More technology in helmets makes them heavier and stresses the wearers neck and head

What is a redundancy in an avionics system

System can withstand separate failures and still function

What is the RadAlt system used for

Displaying the pilots altitude above ground level instead of sea level

What is ground speed

Speed of aircraft relative to the ground

How is aircraft attitude provided to the display

Gyroscope that is referenced to “straight and level”

What measurements can be taken from Air Data

Static pressure Pitot or total pressure Total or indicated air temperature

What data can be taken from the air data measurements

Pressure altitude Vertical speed True speed Mach number Air temperature

What are potentiometers used for

Determine the position of the pilots controls

What is a thermocouple and what does is measure

2 dissimilar metals that form an electrical junction. Difference in temperature will produce a voltage Used as an accurate measure of temperature

What is a pyrometer

Non contact method of measuring temperature. Measures the thermal radiation emitted from a surface

What are the risks of antennas when they are transmitting

Radio frequency (RF) burns

What are the 2 types of compass in use on aircraft

Direct indicating Remote indicating

What are the disadvantages of a direct indicating compass

Read only Data cannot be shared to aircraft systems Electrical systems can interfere with compass

What are the 3 components of a Remote indicating compass

Magnetic detector unit Displacement gyro Display

What is the disadvantage of GPS

Satellites can be switched off, sabotaged or jammed

What is an inertial navigation system and its advantages

Self contained system that gives continuous positional data. Does not rely on external signals

What are the 2 characteristics of a gyroscope

Rigidity Precession

What is gyroscope rigidity

The axis of spin will remain fixed unless acted upon by an external force

What is gyroscope precession

Resultant angular motion due to application of torque

What is an artificial horizon

Instrument that shows the pilot the pitch and roll of the aircraft that can be used during low visibility

What does a turn-and-slip indicator provide

Lateral attitude Direction Amount of slip arising from bank angle

What 2 radio bands are used on military aircraft

VHF - Civilian UHF - Military

What voltage does a HF radio need to work

115V AC

What are the 2 types of antenna used for HF aircraft radio systems

Washing line - large transport aircraft Slot - smaller, faster aircraft

What are the risks of HF radio antennas

Severe radiation burns due to high power outputs

What are the 3 components of SATCOM

Satellites Aircraft earth stations Ground earth stations

How are secure communications achieved on aircraft

Encryption keys

What is the disadvantage of an open loop system

Take no account of environmental changes

What is the purpose of a transducer

Converts of form of energy into another

Deck 1 Flashcards

(79 cards)