deck 1 Flashcards
(26 cards)
name maternal and baby benefits of breastfeeding
beyond six months:
- protective against overweight and obesity in childhood
- immune factors in 1st and second years
- protect against infectious illnesses - especially GI and respiratory infections
Maternal:
decrease breast cancer, protect against ovarian cancer, bonding
when should babies get lumpy textures
no later than 9 months
when can cow milk be introduced and how much
9-12 months of age
no more than 750 ml
from one year of age - what type of foods should you recommend
little/no added salt
regular schedule of meals and snacks
encourage breastfeeding o offering 500 ml per day of homogenized milk
limit fruit juice, give water for thirst
When can skim milk be safely given to babies?
after 2 years - should have homo milk until then (skim milk not appropriate in first 2 years)
when is formula used until
until 1 year of age after that don’t need for healthy babies
are soy, rice based beverages instead of cow milk an appropriate milk alternative in an 18 month old
no, not appropriate alternative to cow milk in first to years (regardless of whether they are fortified)
How common is diabetes
1/300 children
which age group is the fastest growing segment of the population with type I diabetes
chilren < 5 year old and early school-aged children - fastest growing segment of the population with type 1 diabetes
What are some short term and long term complications of type 1 diabetes
- short term: hyperglycaemia, hypoglycaemia
2. long term: stroke, heart attack, amputation, kidney failure, blindness and learning deficits
true or false - improved blood glucose control reduces the onset and progression of diabetes related complications in kids and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
yes it does
optimal diabetes control is essential for individuals and society
how often should kids check their blood glucose levels
at least 4 times daily - before each meal and at bedtime
some kids use continuous glucose monitoring (checks every 5 minutes)
true or false - blood glucose control improves with more infections per day, optimized using multiple daily infections or an insulin pump
true
how does insulin pump work
provides a continous dose of insulin, then bolus of insulin through pump before eating
true or false - kids with diabetes should not participate in gym class
false - should be active
but might need to be extra careful about food intake and blood glucose around activity
describe the effect that low blood glucose can have on learning?
concentration, thought processing and behaviour in the short term
can treat most episodes with fast-acting sugar
once treated, can take up to 45 minutes to have effects on intellectual function to resolve
when at the time of a test, may need special accommodation to complete it
what level of hyperglycaemia will you expect to see effects of high blood glucose
hyperglycemia >15 mmol/L
accompanied by symptoms of illness - fever or vomiting
can be associate with cognitive slowing also
not a benign event
the effect is different for all different people
True or false - in BC, non medical professional school professional can administer glucagon or insulin
true
Name some strategies to avoid hypoglycaemia at school for kids with diabetes
- regular meals and snacks and adequate time
- adjust food intake or insulin dose for increased physical activity, in most cases, an extra blood glucose check or extra snack
- clean area for blood glucose checks
- supervise kids to help them recognize, treat and prevent hypoglycaemia
- ready access to emergency kit
- older kids: accommodations for tests, quizzes or exams
* *don’t leave kids unattended after hypoglycaemia until the episode has resolved
true or false- kids with diabetes generally have much higher absences from school
false - with the exception of absences for regular doctor appointments
shouldn’t punish kids with the required attendance programs
What are some barriers to optimal and safe diabetes management at school
might not be able to give themselves shots/check - might lead to a 2-3 x daily insulin infections to avoid the need for a lunchtime infection
do schools need to have a medical professional at school to help kids manage their diabetes
no, does not need
basic care should be provided by trained school personnel, should not make the school personal liable if they take steps to assist a student in an emergency situation
whose responsibility is it to provide diabetes education to schools
regional or provincial heath authorities should identify mechanisms to ensure that personnel and resources are available to provide education to schools and that education is specific for type 1 diabetes
should give verbal and standardized written information to schools
sometimes a meeting might help
how many school personal should be trained to provide support in a school where 1 or more children have diabetes
2 personel at least who are trained
may be unlicensed
will get diabetes education resources, enabled to attend annual diabetes updates
