Deck 1

Question 1

Control centre for appetite in the brain?

Answer 1

Appestat

Question 2

Appestat is located where in the brain?

Answer 2

Hypothalamus

Question 3

FFA stands for what?

Answer 3

Free Fatty Acids

Question 4

Atherosclerosis is what?

Answer 4

Development of fatty plaques in the arteries

Question 5

lipidaemia/lipaemia is what?

Answer 5

Presence of fat in the blood

Question 6

How does fasting effect metabolism & blood fat levels?

Answer 6

Slow metabolism & increase blood fat levels

Question 7

What is the name of fat stored in fat cells?

Answer 7

Triglyceride

Question 8

3 molecules of fatty acid and 1 molecule of glycerol make what?

Answer 8

Triglyceride

Question 9

What hormone stimulates lipase production?

Answer 9

Epinephrine

Question 10

What does Epinephrine do?

Answer 10

Stimulates receptors in the fat cell membrane to activate the enzyme lipase

Question 11

When exercise begins where is the initial source of energy from?

Answer 11

Intermuscular fat

Question 12

When intermuscular fat is depleted what is the next source of fat?

Answer 12

Adipose tissue

Question 13

When is lactic acid produced?

Answer 13

When the breakdown of muscle glycogen to pyruvic acid exceeds the ability of the mitochondria to process the pyruvate

Question 14

What is it called when lactic acid is produced?

Answer 14

Second Lactate Threshold

Question 15

Lactic acid does what to energy sources?

Answer 15

Switches the body to carbohydrates over fats

Question 16

What happens to the second lactate threshold as fitness increases?

Answer 16

It is delayed, increasing endurance and time fat can be used as a fuel

Question 17

Blood lipids typically refers to what?

Answer 17

Cholesterol and triglycerides

Question 18

Blood lipids are associated with what issues

Answer 18

Coronary Heart Disease

Question 19

CHD stands for what?

Answer 19

Coronary Heart Disease

Question 20

What are Chylomicrons?

Answer 20

Large clumps of triglycerides

Question 21

What removes most of the excess triglycerides from the blood?

Answer 21

The Liver

Question 22

What can reduce fat levels in the blood?

Answer 22

Exercise or reduced intake

Question 23

Why does exercise help reduce fat levels in the blood?

Answer 23

By increasing the capacity of muscle fibers in taking up and oxidize fatty acids

Question 24

What happens to excess fat in the blood.

Answer 24

Deposited in the adipose tissue or removed by the liver

Question 25

What is a likely by-product of fat filtration by the liver

Answer 25

Cholesterol

Question 26

What is the optimal heart rate window for fat oxidisation?

Answer 26

68%-79%

Question 27

Is it better to eat before or after exercise for weight loss? Why?

Answer 27

After because carbohydrates before exercise reduce the contribution of fat to energy expenditure

Question 28

Cholesterol performs what four important functions?

Answer 28

* helps to form the structure of the cell membranes * produces bile, which aids fat digestion * produces steroid hormones such as oestrogen and testosterone * produces vitamin D from sunlight.

Question 29

Cholesterol is formed of what two main parts?

Answer 29

Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) and High Density Lipoproteins (HDL)

Question 30

What is a normal percentage split of LDL to HDL?

Answer 30

75% LDL to 25% HDL

Question 31

Which Lipoprotein is referred to as 'Bad Cholesterol'?

Answer 31

LDL

Question 32

What contributes to raised LDL levels?

Answer 32

Excess alcohol intake and high consumption of foods rich in saturated fat.

Question 33

How does dietary cholesterol get to the blood?

Answer 33

Through the small intestine and then via the lymph system

Question 34

Excess LDL in the blood can cause what?

Answer 34

Atherosclerotic plaques.

Question 35

What can lower Atherosclerotic plaque levels in the blood?

Answer 35

Exercise

Question 36

What does increased muscle mass do to the metabolism

Answer 36

Increases base metabolic rate

Question 37

How much does 1lb of muscle effect the basal metabolic rate?

Answer 37

1lb increase = 10 additional calories per day

Question 38

What is the glycaemic index?

Answer 38

The rate at which carbohydrate foods are digested (broken down into glucose)

Question 39

What has a GI ranking of 100?

Answer 39

Pure Glucose

Question 40

How much should an average male drink in a day?

Answer 40

2 litres

Question 41

What are 6 effects of dehydration?

Answer 41

* dizziness and headache * rapid heartbeat and impaired cardiac function * reduced blood flow to the muscles * impaired kidney function * decreased ability to sweat * loss of muscle glycogen stores.