Deck 1 - Higher Biology - Unit 1 DNA and the genome - Key area 1 Structure of DNA

Question 1

What does the base sequence of DNA form?

Answer 1

The genetic code

Question 2

What forms a nucleotide?

Answer 2

Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate and a base.

Question 3

What makes up the DNA’s backbone?

Answer 3

Sugar - phosphate

Question 4

What is the general structure of DNA?

Answer 4

Double stranded antiparallel

Question 5

What are the base pairs and what joins them?

Answer 5

adenine-thymine
guanine-cytosine
Hydrogen bonds join them

Question 6

What are at the 3’ and 5’ end?

Answer 6

deoxyribose and phosphate at 3’ and 5’ ends of each strand respectively, forming a double helix.

Question 7

Why is yeast a special example of a eukaryote?

Answer 7

It also contains DNA

Question 8

What kind of DNA do prokaryotes have?

Answer 8

Prokaryotes have a single, circular chromosome and smaller circular plasmids.

Question 9

What kind of DNA do Eukaryotes have?

Answer 9

Eukaryotes all have linear chromosomes, in the nucleus, which are tightly coiled and packaged with associated proteins called histones. Eukaryotes also contain circular chromosomes in their mitochondria and chloroplasts.