Deck 2 Flashcards
What are the main types of Original Qi (Yuan Qi)?
Pre-heaven Qi (inherited from parents) and Post-heaven Qi (acquired after birth through food and air)
What is Gathering Qi (Zong Qi)?
Qi formed in the chest from combination of air (from Lungs) and food essence (from Spleen/Stomach)
What is Nutritive Qi (Ying Qi)?
Refined qi that flows in blood vessels, nourishing organs and tissues
What is Defensive Qi (Wei Qi)?
Protective qi that flows outside vessels, warming and defending the body surface
What is Organ Qi (Zang Fu Qi)?
A: Specific qi associated with each organ’s function
What are the two sources needed to create Post-heaven Qi?
Food essence (Gu Qi) from Spleen and air (Qing Qi) from Lungs
Describe the process of Blood (Xue) formation
Food essence → transformed by Spleen → sent to Heart/Lung → combined with Original Qi → transformed into Blood
What organs are crucial in Body Fluid (Jin Ye) production?
Spleen (transformation), Lung (distribution), Kidney (filtration)
What is the relationship between Qi and Blood?
Qi leads Blood, Blood nourishes Qi; “Qi is the commander of Blood, Blood is the mother of Qi”
How do the Three Burners (San Jiao) participate in fluid metabolism?
Upper - disperses, Middle - transforms, Lower - eliminates
Who was Sun Simiao and what was his contribution?
Tang Dynasty physician (581-682 CE) known as “King of Medicine,” emphasized medical ethics and dietary therapy
What were the Four Great Masters of Jin-Yuan period?
Liu Wansu (Cooling School), Zhang Congzheng (Attacking School), Li Dongyuan (Spleen-Stomach School), Zhu Danxi (Nourishing Yin School)
What major development occurred in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)
Compilation of comprehensive medical texts and systematic organization of earlier medical theories
What was the Warm Disease School (Wen Bing)?
: Qing Dynasty development focusing on febrile diseases, using Four Levels theory instead of Six Stages
Who was Zhang Zhongjing and what did he write?
Han Dynasty physician who wrote Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold Damage) and Jin Gui Yao Lue (Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Cabinet)
What are the key principles of Confucianism that influenced Chinese Medicine?
Ren (benevolence), Li (propriety), De (virtue), Xue (learning)
: How did Daoism influence Chinese Medicine?
: Concepts of naturalness, balance, non-intervention, and harmony between human and nature
What was the influence of Buddhism on Chinese Medicine?
Emphasis on compassion, understanding of suffering, and mind-body connection
What is the meaning of “Tian Ren He Yi”?
Unity of Heaven and Humanity” - fundamental concept showing relationship between humans and nature
When did the term “Traditional Chinese Medicine” (TCM) emerge
950s during standardization of Chinese Medicine in People’s Republic of China
What was the main goal of TCM standardization?
To integrate traditional theories with modern scientific concepts and create consistent standards
What are the key differences between TCM and Classical Chinese Medicine?
TCM is more standardized and simplified; Classical approach maintains more traditional philosophical elements
What major changes occurred in Chinese Medicine education in the 20th century?
: Introduction of Western medical sciences, standardized curriculum, research emphasis
What are the six pathological transformations of Qi?
Qi deficiency, Qi stagnation, Qi sinking, Qi rebellion, Qi excess, Qi depletion
