Deck1 Flashcards
(16 cards)
What did Epicurus say about God?
omnipotent = power to prevent evil and omnibenevolent = does not will evil
Who asked “If God is omnipotent and omnibenevolent, why is there evil?”
Epicurus
What is theodicy?
a defense of the justice or goodness of God in the face of doubts or objections arising from the phenomena of evil in the world
According to Hick, what are the differences between “moral evils” and “natural evils”?
“moral evils” are necessary for moral development and the absence of “natural evils” would negate the laws of science.
Who defends the existence of God by a wager?
Pascal
What is Pascal’s wager?
For Pascal, the bet is the chance of eternal life and happiness versus certain finite pleasures and glories.
What does Clifford argue?
It is sinful and a violation of our duty to mankind to hold any belief without “sufficient evidence.”
Who argued “It is sinful and a violation of our duty to mankind to hold any belief without ‘sufficient evidence.’”
Clifford
Who argued that discovering truth in areas of experience such as morality, religion, and human relationships is a matter of faith or “our passional natures;” i.e., our beliefs must “go beyond the evidence.”
James
Who argued that proposing rational, objective proof of God’s existence is futile because of the nature of faith.
Kierkegaard
Who said we must take a “leap of faith” in order to know that God exists?
Kierkegaard
What did Kierkegaard say about how we can know if God exists?
Must take a leap of faith
Explain how to think philosophically about religious beliefs.
(i) Studying the philosophy of religion is not meant to:
a. Transform you into an atheist
b. Convert you from being an atheist or agnostic to a belief in God or gods.
c. Undermine your religious beliefs or “convert” you to another religion
d. Engage you in emotional arguments with classmates over which is the one true religion.
(ii) Studying the philosophy of religion is designed to:
a. Develop your ability to think philosophically regarding the religious and/or spiritual dimension of experience.
b. Critically evaluate the reason, evidence, and arguments with respect to religion, both pro and con.
c. Expand, enrich, and deepen your understanding of other religions in the world.
d. Encourage you to reflect on the nature and foundation of your own religious beliefs.
Who believed that humans created God in their image?
Ludwig Feuerbach
What did Keiji Nishitani believe?
that religion is the vital personal quest all must face when encountering nihility, which is “that which renders meaningless the meaning of life.” Moreover, each person must “search for true reality in a real way.”
The religion of __________ is unique in that it had no single founder but evolved over four thousand years.
Hinduism
